What are the sports activities of ethnic minorities in Yunnan Province

The programs and forms of sports of the ethnic minorities in Yunnan Province are varied and extremely rich in content. These sports are not only the main form of fitness, but also the skills that each ethnic group must have. Examples are as follows.

(A) martial arts.

Popular in Yunnan region in the various ethnic groups in the martial arts, has a long history. Discovered in Yunnan Cangyuan Neolithic period of cliff paintings, show us the prehistoric primitive state of martial arts form, which has a stick, give, shield, crossbow, bow and similar pestle and rod and wolf tooth stick weapon vivid image. It shows that the martial arts popular among the local ethnic minorities at this time had begun to take shape. In Yunnan jinning shizai mountain, jiangchuan lijia mountain and other places unearthed in the warring states period of bronze, there are a large number of knives, spears, wolf tooth stick, axe, sword, crossbow and other weapons, especially the "war scene storage shell cover" on the group of short war fighting in the sculpture, showing the more mature skills, is the example of the primitive wushu of yunnan, it is to lay the foundation for the yunnan region, it is the first time in the development of Chinese martial arts. It is an example of Yunnan primitive wushu, which is of great significance in establishing the position of Yunnan ethnic wushu in the development of Chinese wushu. In the later development, various ethnic minorities created their own forms of martial arts according to their different characteristics. For example, among the many boxing styles created by the Hui, the more influential ones are "Xingyi Liuhequan", "Bajiquan", "Chaquan", "Teachers' Bouncing Legs", etc. Among them, "Xingyi Liuhequan", "Bajiquan", "Teachers' Bouncing Legs", etc., are the most important ones. "and so on, among them" mind six boxing "in the martial arts known as" ruthless boxing "is a kind of rigid and soft squeeze boxing, has a good fitness and defense effect. In the Miao people, the popular "Lusheng boxing" is a set of practical and ornamental in one of the fist, it is the Miao people in long-term practice, the Lusheng dance and labor boxing clever combination of products, Shenzhen SAR by the Miao people around the favorite. Dai martial arts content is also extremely rich, Xishuangbanna Menghai Buddhist temple murals, retained the precious image of Dai martial arts. It is estimated that there are hundreds of popular Dai martial arts routines in Xishuangbanna area, and each has its own strengths. Among them, "Peacock Boxing" is the Dai people have long observed the behavior of their favorite peacock, copying its movements and incorporating taijiquan, long fist, Mianquan and qigong and other techniques, created a set of distinctive soft and rigid boxing, Tibet, Yi and other ethnic groups also have their own distinctive boxing.

The art of fighting with instruments occupies an important place in Chinese martial arts, and there are many kinds of instruments used. Dali Bai in the festival performance of the "king whip" is not only in its national performance of the complete set of dance movements, incorporating many of the Bai traditional whip, stick movements after the formation of the. The "Flower Encouragement" performed by the Yi people in Xinping Mopi Dazhai, Yunnan Province, has more than ten performers, some of whom are armed with swords, two-sectioned sticks, tridents, double knives, double hooks, water and fire sticks and other martial arts instruments. In addition to performing various episodes of the ancient war, they also performed martial arts on the field, reproducing the killing scenes of the war, the performance was powerful, intense scenes, very realistic image, in addition to fitness, but also very ornamental. In addition, the Miao double-ringed knife, Jingpo's flat-headed long knife, Achang's "Tosha knife" and so on are also the main instruments in the Wushu instrumental combat.

(2) horse racing and archery.

Since ancient times, horseback riding, archery is a traditional sports activities essential to the life of Yunnan ethnic minorities. In Jinning, Jiangchuan and other unearthed copper drums, copper shellfish, copper ornaments and copper swords, etc., above, the performance of the hunting image of the pattern abounds, and its scale, the momentum of the larger. Dali Bai in the traditional festival - "March Street" during the traditional horse racing, archery and other competitions will be held. The horse race of the Yi people is usually held on the flat dam, and the riders run their horses on the circular track, and the first one wins. In archery competitions, the Yi are hanging in the 50 meters away from the large tree on the cow's leg as the target, and as a prize for the flute archer. In the Miao, Dai, Yi, Lisu, Nu, Dulong, Kino and other nationalities are also popular crossbow shooting, and the development of a number of unique crossbow shooting forms, such as the Nu crossbow shooting, masters can shoot swimming fish in the water.

(C) race.

Commonly known as rowing dragon boat, is a very popular sports and recreational activities among ethnic minorities in Yunnan. In Jinning, Jiangchuan and other places unearthed bronze drums on the racing image generally have four boats, the number of rowers on the crew varies. Racing custom, from the Western Han Dynasty onwards, gradually became a traditional sports activities of the ethnic minorities in this area, and became a part of the traditional ritual activities of ethnic minorities throughout the Southwest region in a traditional sports activities. During the Dai New Year (i.e. Dai "Water Festival"), the Dai people in Xishuangbanna hold a grand dragon boat race on the Lancang River. This has a broad mass base of "dragon boat" activities, not only can entertain the body and mind, and its cultivation of unity and cooperation, the role of the spirit of perseverance and hard work is also very obvious.

It can be said that Yunnan's many ethnic groups and rich ethnic culture determines the ethnic traditional sports, is a typical representative of a variety of forms and styles of ethnic culture. Throughout the traditional sports activities of various ethnic groups in Yunnan, it can be seen that they have obvious characteristics.

1. Regionality.

Every ethnic culture has a specific geographical area and is influenced by the geographical environment, which in turn affects the changes of the environment. Yunnan ethnic traditional sports and its cultural connotations , and the living environment of the ethnic groups have inextricable and inseparable links. Examining the colorful traditional sports performances of Yunnan's ethnic groups, we can draw a preliminary conclusion that all ethnic groups living in difficult living environments, harsh climatic conditions, gullies and ravines in the region, which gave birth to the traditional sports, has a significant competitive nature. On the contrary, the traditional sports of the ethnic groups living in the plains and dams are characterized by obvious games and entertainment. For example, for the Nu ethnic group living in the Nu River valley, the traditional sport of "crossing the zip line" is a means of survival and livelihood for people in a specific geographic environment, and requires strong strength and difficulty. On the other hand, the traditional sports of the Bai and Dai ethnic groups, who mainly live in the dam area, such as "king whip" and "whole light", are more entertaining.

2. Entertainment.

Traditional sports of ethnic minorities have a prominent entertainment, which focuses on the physical and mental needs and emotional aspirations of people to meet, and to self-indulgent, recreational and game activities. People can directly get delightful emotional expression and excretion in these activities. Because of this characteristic of national sports, it has a greater attraction, and the holding of a sports activity often becomes a national event. Yunnan's Jinuo ethnic group, every happy holiday, men and women gather together, to carry out playing chicken ball, throwing stones, item bamboo pole, playing gyro, jumping drums and other national sports activities, immersed in incomparable joy.

3. Fitness.

Ethnic sports are the crystallization of wisdom in the process of transforming nature, transforming society and promoting the development of mankind itself, which plays a positive role in improving the physical fitness of the people and raising the level of health of the people of all nationalities.

4. Diversity.

Yunnan region, a large number of ethnic minorities, the traditional habits of the various ethnic groups, subjective and objective conditions are not identical, there are differences in interests, sports will inevitably show a diversity of characteristics. Each ethnic group has dozens or even nearly a hundred kinds of sports and recreational activities, and each kind of sports and recreational activities with the same name, in different ethnic groups have different names, use different equipment, have different entertainment and competition rules. Only with the different names of sports activities program statistics, Yunnan minority sports as many as 226.