Architectural technology and practice

20 17 Construction Technology and Practice

Do you know anything about building technology? Do you know how the construction technology is? Next, I will share with you the construction technology of 20 17. Let's have a look!

A, constructional column, ring beam template new technology without frame.

Process 1:

Adopted in? GZ？ Embedded in the template part? 14 pull bolt (external wear? 15PVC plastic pipe) is used to fix the formwork instead of the frame holes reserved in the masonry to improve the overall masonry effect of the wall. Specific construction process operation:? GZ？ Template using 12mm thick plywood, and three 50mm? 80mm is usually a whole wooden stare blankly, that is? GZ？ Use one template on each side. Where are the opposite bolts when the formwork is supported? GZ？ Embedded in the section, each layer outside the end adopts 4 groups of 50mm? Lock with 80mm short wood square, internal angle with100 mm. 100mm is usually supported by wood squares. Brick-concrete structure one? These measures are applied to zigzag, L-shaped corners and T-shaped corners.

Process 2:

(1) adopts composite steel formwork, which is locked by short steel pipes and special wall bolts. One end of 12 steel bar is welded with steel pipe sleeve or I-shaped block head, and the other end is covered with iron wire.

(2) When building a wall, the plastic pipe shall be embedded in the reserved frame hole according to the specification requirements, and the plastic pipe shall be drawn out after building a wall to form a reserved hole.

(3) When shuttering, insert the reserved hole? 12 special bolt, and the sleeve end can be tightened with nuts.

Process 3:

Formwork support technology of ring beam with hard frame;

(1) When building a wall, it is buried in a brick under the ring beam? 16PVC plastic pipe, after bricklaying or masonry, gently rotate the pipe and take it out to form? 16 mounting holes, with the spacing of 800 ~1000 mm.

(2) Install ∟40? 4 Special tool made of angle steel, passing through the installation hole? 14 bolt to fix it.

(3) Install the common composite steel formwork, tighten the bolts and adjust the straightness of the formwork.

Formwork support technology of constructional column;

(1) During masonry construction, the horizontal mortar joint is 240mm away from the constructional column. 16PVC plastic pipe design? 16mm mounting holes, with vertical spacing not more than 800mm.

(2) After the constructional column reinforcement is qualified, install the combined formwork.

(3) Installation ∟50? Special mould made of angle steel with? 14 wall bolt fastening.

Process 4:

According to the thickness of the wall, cut out PVC pipes with corresponding lengths, and set rubber plugs at both ends, so that the dimensions outside the two rubber plugs are just the cross-sectional dimensions of concrete members. After the formwork is supported, put on the opposite screw to fix the formwork. After concrete pouring, remove the rubber plug and fill the holes with 1: 2 cement mortar. Another method is to prefabricate a flat iron with a thickness of 5mm, and one end of the flat iron is made into a hook with a length of 5cm and 90 degrees. When shuttering or scaffolding on the wall, putting the flat iron into the brick joint embedded in the wall also has the same use effect as the wall.

Advantages:

1. Non-porous formwork supporting technology requires less molding dies, high turnover rate of dies, cost saving and convenient template disassembly.

2. No holes are left in the masonry, which improves the overall strength of the wall.

3. The concrete surface is flat, smooth and consistent in color, which effectively eliminates the common quality problems of concrete slurry flow and wall pollution.

4. The routine sizing procedure is omitted, which reduces the labor cost and creates conditions for shortening the construction period.

Second, the masonry wall without frame eye construction

Technological practice: firstly, a T-shaped flat iron is welded at the end of the scaffold steel pipe crossbar, and the masonry height reaches the erection point, which should be selected at the intersection of vertical mortar joint and horizontal joint; When erecting scaffolding, the T-shaped flat iron at the end of the crossbar can be supported on the wall, and mortar cannot be placed where the flat iron is placed, which is convenient for disassembly.

Three, frame beam, column, plate joint template application

Method 1: the joint of beam, column and plate is supported by combined small steel formwork and special-shaped angle formwork, and sponge strips are placed at the joint of formwork. The special-shaped angle template is customized according to the actual situation.

Method 2: Customize the template with bamboo veneer.

Four, toilet concrete flanging and floor cast-in-place concrete integral floor construction method

In order to improve the waterproof performance of toilets and bathrooms, the concrete flanging needs to be hung and the floor concrete is poured as a whole.

Application technology of verb (abbreviation of verb) sponge strip in formwork engineering

Technological practice: In formwork construction, before the formwork of structural column and ring beam of brick-concrete structure is installed, soft sponge strips or hard sponge strips with double-sided tape are pasted on the walls on both sides of structural column and the lower side of ring beam.

Advantages: it can effectively prevent wall pollution caused by concrete slurry overflow.

Six, infilled wall at the top of the inclined roof brick masonry practice

Technological practice: the top brick for masonry is cut in advance, so that the upper and lower contact surfaces of the inclined top brick are flat, and when laid obliquely, it is 60? Horn.

Advantages: the upper and lower surfaces are flat, which ensures that the horizontal mortar joint thickness of masonry is about 10mm, and avoids the common quality problem of excessive mortar joint thickness. The top brick is 60 with the horizontal plane? , the masonry is more dense, making the masonry better integrated. It avoids the common quality problems at the joint between the infilled wall and the frame beam after plastering. Convenient construction, neat masonry and good visual quality.

Seven, the special-shaped brick in masonry adopts the construction practice of cutting or prefabrication.

Technological practice: The seven partition walls used in the wall are generally prefabricated by brick factories or cut by toothless saws on site, and the bottom skin brick of Maya tea brick is also cut into 45? slope

Advantages: Mayacha's bottom leather brick is cut into 45? The inclined plane is convenient for concrete pouring and compaction, which improves the visual quality of the wall.

Eight, the number of skin pole application technology in masonry construction.

Technological practice: 3cm for skin counting rod? Made of 5cm wood square, there is an adjustable base under the bark measuring rod. The number of skin rods shall be clearly marked with mortar joint, the position of compression rod and the change of wall structure, and fixed firmly.

Nine, doors and windows wooden brick using precast concrete block construction practice.

The traditional method of fixing door and window frames is to embed wooden bricks in the walls. Because the walls are mostly made of perforated bricks, the wooden bricks are not firmly fixed. Now it is changed to precast concrete block with the same cross-sectional size as the block. When building a wall, precast concrete blocks are built into the original position where wooden bricks are placed, and the door and window frames are fixed on the precast concrete.

X. Fixing method of reinforcement position of constructional column

There is a steel bar tic-tac-toe frame at the top of the constructional column, which fixes the steel bars of the constructional column with the stirrups inside the steel bar skeleton, thus ensuring the spacing of the main bars of the constructional column. The tool tic-tac-toe frame can be recycled, which can effectively prevent the steel bar from shifting during concrete pouring and vibrating. Reinforced tic-tac-toe frame is made according to the size of constructional column. ? 8 or? 10 steel bar is spot-welded into tic-tac-toe frame with electric welding machine. Two sides of the tic-tac-toe frame are close to the brick wall, and the other two sides are close to the formwork. Make sure the dimensions are accurate before installation. After the tic-tac-toe frame is put in place, tie it to the reinforcement of the constructional column with stirrups, and finally install the template.

Eleven, steel engineering pollution prevention and control practices

Before pouring concrete, the PVC plastic pipe is sleeved on the column reinforcement (the pipe root is the concrete pouring elevation), which can effectively prevent the cement slurry from exposing the column reinforcement and facilitate concrete construction.

Twelve, stair board construction joint lien construction practice

Construction practice: When the formwork is supported on the stairs, according to the construction specification, the stair tread construction joint should be kept within one third of the span of the stair cast-in-place floor slab, and the lower part of the stair tread construction joint should be slotted according to the spacing and specifications of steel bars, so that the stuck steel bars will not shift and be perpendicular to the bottom formwork. Place steel bars or plastic pads with the same thickness as the protective layer under the main reinforcement of the bottom plate to ensure the protective layer thickness of the main reinforcement of the bottom plate.

Thirteen, cast-in-place column concrete curing technology

Technological practice: After concrete pouring, effective maintenance measures shall be taken in time according to the construction technical scheme, and the concrete shall be covered with moisture within 12h. For the concrete that is watered and maintained, the watering frequency should be able to keep the concrete in a wet state, and the curing water should be the same as the mixing water. Concrete covered and cured with plastic sheets should be covered tightly, and there should be condensed water in the plastic sheets. When it is inconvenient to water the concrete surface or use plastic sheets, the curing agent should be painted.

Fourteen, stair tread Yang Angle protection technology

Technological practice: The height and width of stair tread should be constructed in strict accordance with the design requirements. The external corner of stair tread is provided with finished copper or plastic corner protector, angle steel and steel bar with a diameter of 6mm. When plastering, embed the corner protector into the surface layer to make it smooth and consistent with the outer surface of the surface layer. The upper surface of the outer end of the stair tread is provided with a ceramic tile to block water, and the lower part is provided with a drip tank.

Fifteen, the floor tile cover is cut around to find a slope.

Technological practice: When building floors in bathrooms and kitchens are laid with slopes, slopes should be found around the floor drains according to the design requirements, and the floor tiles at circular or square floor drains should be divided into four parts, obliquely cut and laid with slopes. The traditional practice of floor tile at floor drain is that the edges and corners of the whole tile are prominent or concave, which affects the visual effect and drainage quality. After improving the original construction method, it not only improves the drainage quality, prevents the slope from slipping, but also increases the visual effect.

Sixteen, skirting board top inlaid with plastic strip construction practice

Process practice:

(1) After the leveling layer is completed, clean the wall surface and sprinkle water for wetting.

(2) Stick cakes and elastic lines on the wall.

(3) Use 1: 2 cement mortar or plastering gypsum powder to hang the thread and stick plastic strips.

(4) wipe the kick line.

(5) Subsequent construction.

Advantages: The new lines are adopted for the inner corner kick line, and the color separation of the lines is clear, which reduces mutual pollution and avoids the troubles caused by hidden corner kick lines and wool walls in the later decoration of residential projects.

17. Construction Practice of Preventing Floor Brick Uplift

Before laying the floor tile, stick 8 ~ 10 mm thick benzene board around the wall to form an elastic contact surface between the wall and the ground. The jointing material of floor tile is cement fly ash, the joint width is 3 ~ 5 mm, and the ratio is 1: 2.

Eighteen, indoor wall tile paste at the grass-roots level hair construction practice

Ceramic tile pasting base adopts special plastering tools, introduces 3㎜ wide flat grooves or takes other effective galling measures. Make the adhesive layer stick firmly, prevent the tile from hollowing out, and the effect is remarkable.

Nineteen. Anti-leakage measures at the root of sewage pipeline

Technological practice: Before leveling the kitchen and bathroom floor, make a fine stone concrete ring slope at the root of the pipeline. Additional waterproof layer should be made during waterproof construction, and the waterproof layer should be 20mm below the ground. Plastic sleeve should be made at the bottom of PVC pipe, with a clear height of 20mm and an inner diameter 25 ~ 40 mm larger than the outer diameter of the drainage pipe. It should be filled with water sand mortar, smooth and painted.

Advantages: the waterproof layer directly reaches the position of the horizontal platform, which eliminates the common leakage problem of the pipe root and makes the pipe root beautiful and tidy.

Twenty, the new technology of reserved holes and plugging holes in the riser of upper and lower water levels

Process practice:

(1) Make a simple hole plugging die with iron plate.

(2) Install the mold with the riser as the support.

(3) pouring channel concrete.

(4) Dismantle the mould, clean it, brush it with oil and store it.

Advantages: the mold is simple to manufacture, fast and stable to install, convenient to disassemble and reusable, and can eliminate common quality problems such as hole plugging, die expansion and misaligned pipe roots.

Twenty-one, after the wooden door frame fixed practice

Construction practice:

(1) The length, width and size of plastering at the door must be accurate. According to the size of the plastered doors and windows, a gap of 1.5 ~ 2mm is reserved on each side to determine the production size of the wooden door frame.

(2) Fix the wooden door frame vertically after leveling, and then hit it vertically along the length direction of the wooden door frame with an impact drill? 6 round hole, round hole buried in the wall depth is not less than 70mm, the number of fixed points according to the specification requirements.

(3) Will it? 6.5 Steel bar is cut into 105mm long, one end is cut obliquely, then it is hammered into the wall, and the other end is embedded in the wooden frame surface 1 ~ 2mm.

(4) After the joints between the wooden frame and the wall are filled with elastic materials, they are sealed with caulking glue.

Advantages:

(1) saves the wood of the reserved wooden brick and improves the installation firmness of the wooden door frame.

(2) The smoothness of plastering on both sides of the wooden door frame is ensured.

(3) The pollution and damage caused by plastering of pre-assembled wooden door frames are avoided, which is beneficial to the protection of finished products.

Twenty-two, decoration engineering plastering surface Yang Angle parts with L-shaped Yang Angle reinforcement construction practice.

Construction practice: After the plastering leveling layer is constructed according to the design requirements, the L-shaped external corner strip is pasted at the external corner, and the pasting quality is controlled and checked by hanging lines. It is required that the external corner strips be fully pasted, and intermittent pasting is allowed. Surface plastering shall be done by replacing grey bars with external angle bars, and the sharp corners of external angle bars shall be smoothed. When plastering with plastering gypsum material, the L-shaped external angle line can be directly pasted on the external angle, and then plastered.

Yang Angle reinforcement classification:

1, used for plastering walls, columns, beams, doors and windows;

2. Outer corner strip of ceramic tile wall.

Advantages: 1 After the corner line is embedded in the corner, the corner line is straight, obvious and beautiful, and the overall effect is excellent.

2. In the construction operation, the mortar bar is replaced by the external corner line, which is more convenient for workers to operate and ensure the quality control of plastering.

3. It can effectively protect the outer corner.

Twenty-three, stair step wear-resistant copper bar.

Wear-resistant copper bars are attached to the external corner of the stair tread, which is simple in construction method, elegant in appearance and durable.

Twenty-four, masonry using virgin pulp scraping seam.

The traditional wall sweeping process is omitted, and the method of jointing with virgin pulp is adopted.

Twenty-five, concrete shear wall and column template reinforcement construction practice

When concrete shear walls and columns are supported by formwork, the formwork is reinforced with opposite bolts, PVC pipes and plastic plugs, which can effectively prevent slurry from escaping and leaking during concrete pouring and vibrating, and can easily pull out the screws, thus improving the turnover utilization rate of the screws. At the same time, the bell mouth is formed at the plug head, which is more convenient to plug the bolt hole.

Twenty-six, Rachel reinforcement after planting construction practice

In the masonry of infilled wall of frame structure, the construction method of post-planting structural adhesive was popularized for the Rachel reinforcement at the joint of infilled wall and frame column, which changed the traditional practice of embedding iron pieces and steel bars in the column and ensured the accuracy of Rachel reinforcement position and elevation.

Twenty-seven, plastering gypsum instead of cement mortar or mixed mortar in indoor plastering engineering application technology.

Construction practice: Plastering gypsum can be divided into bottom plastering gypsum and surface plastering gypsum. The bottom plastering gypsum is used for plastering and leveling of plastered walls. The thickness depends on the flatness and verticality of the base, and it can cover the base, and the thinnest part is not less than 5 mm The operation method is the same as that of cement mortar plastering, and mechanical stirring, shotcreting and manual scraping can also be used for leveling. The surface layer is covered with plaster as leveling layer, and a thin layer is scraped with a steel trowel, so that the sand pit on the surface of leveling layer is filled up, the surface is smooth, and the thickness is about 1 ~ 2mm.

Advantages: The plastering layer of water-sand mortar or mixed mortar is prone to quality defects such as hollowing and cracks during construction, and turtle-grain cracks appear on the plastering surface due to shrinkage deformation caused by cement after delivery. Plastering gypsum has the excellent characteristics of early strength, quick hardening, fire prevention, strong thermal insulation, strong adhesion, automatic adjustment of indoor humidity and delicate and comfortable surface appearance. Because of its slight expansibility and strong cohesive force, it can effectively prevent plastering from cracking, peeling and falling off. At the same time, the requirements for plastering base are low, and plastering can be performed directly without brushing any interfacial agent or cement slurry on the surface of base.

28. New Cold-drawn Chrome Plating Process for Stair Rails

Process practice: The stair railing adopts a new process of cold-drawn chromium plating, and the steel bar with a diameter 4mm larger than the original design steel bar is cold-drawn to the design steel bar diameter and then chromium plated.

Advantages: Stair railings are directly chrome-plated with round steel, which often has shortcomings such as rough surface, poor brightness and easy rust removal. After adopting this technology, the smoothness, brightness and corrosion resistance of railings can be greatly improved.

Twenty-nine, prevent wall cracks in the construction practice

In order to prevent or reduce the common quality problems of wall cracking, the construction technical measures such as setting 60mm thick horizontal and vertical cast-in-place reinforced concrete belts or battens under the windowsill at the elevation of the first and top floors of masonry can effectively prevent wall cracking.

Thirty, now pouring large area plane concrete vacuum water absorption construction technology.

Technological practice: After pouring, vibrating and leveling, put a suction pad on the concrete surface, and start the vacuum equipment to suck out the free water in the concrete.

Advantages: Vacuum water absorption of concrete is an advanced technology to speed up the construction progress, which shortens the construction period and speeds up the construction progress while improving the strength of concrete.

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