Manchu customs

Before Manchu entered Liaoshen, they were good at riding and shooting. Children around 7 years old practice shooting mandarin fish with wooden bows and arrows, and women hold whips like men. Manchu costumes, men shave off the surrounding hair, braid it and hang it behind their heads, wear horseshoe sleeves, split on both sides and tied it around their waist for riding and shooting. This woman wears a bun, earrings, a wide straight cheongsam and high heels. After entering the customs, Manchu and Han costumes gradually became consistent. There was a time when it was very popular for women to wear cheongsam everywhere. In the past, there were shadow walls in the general yards of Manchu families, and there were "single poles" for immortals. Generally, a house has two main rooms, the door faces south, the outhouse has a stove, and the back room has kangs in the north, west and south. Manchu diet used to like to eat millet, yellow rice dry rice and yellow rice cake (tofu brain); Eat jiaozi on holidays and braised pork on New Year's Eve. The Manchu "Saqima" with unique flavor is still a favorite snack of the broad masses of the people. Manchu people are monogamous. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, they could get engaged at the age of 16 or 17, and their parents arranged it. When getting married, the bride has to sit on Nankang for a day, which is called "sitting in happiness". In Xikang or Kang Bei, Manchu residents used to avoid the dead. People are carried out of the window after they die in coffins; General burial.

Manchu attaches importance to etiquette. In the past, it was usually to watch the elders perform the "dry" ceremony. The man bent his right knee and his right hand hung down it. The woman squatted down and put her hands on her knees. Friends and relatives of the same generation meet, regardless of gender. The west of Manchu is the best. Indoor Xikang is not allowed to sit casually and pile up sundries. The main taboos are not to fight or kill dogs, not to eat dog meat and not to use dog skin products; Avoid guests wearing dog skin hats or sleeves. It is said that this custom was gradually formed mainly because dogs played a helper role in the long-term fishing and hunting life of Manchu ancestors, and people could not bear to eat its meat and use its skin.

For more than 300 years since the Qing Dynasty, Manchu and Han people have coexisted for a long time, and Manchu in Shanhaiguan is no different from Han people in language, dress and customs. Customs Manchu people living in various places are only in remote villages where Manchu people live in concentrated communities, and some Manchu residents still use Manchu to maintain some inherent customs of Manchu. At the same time, some elements of Manchu customs can also be found in Han customs (including Chinese vocabulary), but Manchu imitates Han customs more often than Han people. Manchu is a nation that is good at learning and creating, and has contributed to the development of the culture of the motherland.

Important festivals of Manchu are similar to those of Han nationality, such as Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, February 2nd, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival.

Manchu once believed in polytheism shamanism, which was divided into court shaman and folk shaman in the early days. The emperors of the Qing Dynasty held various ceremonies to worship gods and heaven. For example, the court shaman set up "Tangzi" to worship heaven, and all of them chanted and danced in Manchu. Until the 1940s, Shamanism still existed in Ningguta (now Ning 'an, Heilongjiang) in the northeast and Manchu in Aihui. There are two kinds of folk shamans: the shaman who takes jumping gods as his profession and the shaman who manages sacrifices, and now they have disappeared.