China's ideological emancipation in modern times was a gradual process. Read the material and answer the questions. (20 points) Material 1: Whatever is reformed, the old and the new must be eliminated

China's ideological emancipation in modern times was a gradual process. Read the material and answer the questions. (20 points) Material 1: Whatever is reformed, the old and the new must be eliminated.

(1) Features: First, "removing the old" and "removing the new" are connected; The second is the combination of "change" and evolution. (4 points) Background: The Westernization School put forward the idea of "taking middle school as the body and western learning as the application", learning advanced western technology, but not changing the old political system; /kloc-in the 1990s, the national crisis deepened day by day, and the task of saving the nation from extinction was imminent. The initial development of modern national industry. (Write any two points to give 4 points)

(2) It is considered that the new is incompatible with the old, the old is China's traditional thought and the new is western modern thought; Adopt western theories to innovate society. (4 points)

(3) It advocates "sorting out" old academic ideas with a critical attitude and a scientific spirit, and opposes total negation or affirmation. (2 points)

Chen Duxiu's point of view is that a comprehensive attack on feudal autocracy is conducive to ideological emancipation and opens the way for the development of new ideas; (3 points) Hu Shi's point of view is against the total negation of traditional culture, and advocates the western "scientific" method to interpret and sort out the national heritage, which is of positive significance to correct the formalistic tendency in the New Culture Movement and preserve the excellent national cultural heritage. (3 points)

Test analysis:

(1) According to the material 1, "... the old and the new must be eliminated, and the two are equally powerful, so that they can be effectively moved and accepted in the New Deal, which will increase its harm; ..... husband and things struggle for existence, and heaven chooses after its struggle, and things change. "The reformist theory of" change "can be summarized as two characteristics. Combined with the background of the Reform Movement of 1898, we can analyze the background of this view.

(2) According to the material "If you are determined to be old-fashioned, you should adopt China's old methods in everything ... If you are determined to innovate, you should adopt western new methods in everything, without taking any essence ... because the old and new methods are absolutely incompatible like fire, water, ice and charcoal ...", you can sum up the views of Material 2 on the issues of "new" and "old".

(3) According to material 3, "We have only one positive opinion on the old academic thought, that is,' sorting out the national heritage' ... First of all, we need to work hard to sort out the national heritage with a critical attitude and a scientific spirit". By comparing with the above viewpoints, we can sum up the differences of the viewpoints of Material 3. Combined with a comprehensive understanding of the thought of the New Culture Movement, we can analyze the advantages and disadvantages of Chen Duxiu's and Hu Shi's views at that time.