Design strategy of urban historical regional environment renewal?

Mr. Wu pointed out in the keynote speech of the 20th Congress of the International Building Association that the globalization of technology and mode of production has separated people from the traditional regional space, and the characteristics of regional culture have gradually declined, leading to the convergence of architectural environment, mediocre design and stifled the diversity of architectural culture. At present, there are some misunderstandings in the field of environmental art design: the trend of internationalization, that is, simple modernization dilutes regional characteristics; Little consideration is given to the present situation, context and function, as well as the needs of users, ignoring that architecture is the product of activities. In this context, the future urban history and regional environment art design has become an important issue for responsible designers to consider. Just as many architects have the same voice at present: the more national, the more international. The more national it is, the more regional it is. This paper only discusses the design principles and methods from the perspective of environmental art design.

First, the theoretical source of the renewal design of historical regional environment From a dialectical point of view, the replacement of the old and the new is the inevitable law of the development of things. The transformation and renewal of historical areas by urban spatial environment is also an unavoidable major issue in the process of urbanization development in all countries of the world. In the early stage of urbanization, foreign developed countries basically adopted the method of rebuilding historical sites. After a series of painful lessons, they began to move towards the road of protective renewal in the 1980s. Some ideas we have experienced during this period are worth learning. 1. Contextualism. Context originally refers to the context in literature and linguistics, or context. Contextualism in design refers to the context of culture and the inheritance relationship of culture in historical time and space. Contextualism in architecture emphasizes the internal relationship between elements, including the relationship between people and architecture, the relationship between architecture and city, and the relationship between city and its cultural background. 2. Place theory. Schultz believes that the place is composed of the shape, texture and color of specific substances, and these elements are isomorphic to form the characteristics of the environment. The site characteristics of the architectural environment are determined by two aspects, on the one hand, the explicit concrete forms such as shape, size, color and texture, on the other hand, the hidden contents such as traces of human long-term use and related historical and cultural events. Place theory and phenomenology emphasize the search for lost places in the real world and the search for lost ownership and recognition. For the renewal design of historical sites, the creation of sense of place should also be based on the contemporary life content and way, and blind imitation is not the return of place spirit. 2. Two contradictions that need to be solved in the renewal design of urban historical regional environment 1. Tradition and modernity. The architecture and landscape of urban historical areas are rooted in the cultural soil of a specific historical period, guided by the knowledge of a certain period in the past and supported by technology. The choice and combination of materials, colors and visual symbols are presented in history in a stable aesthetic style, while the function reflects people's lifestyle, beliefs, customs and ways of thinking in a specific period. How to adapt the traditional historical area to the new requirements of modern life in function and aesthetics is an urgent contradiction. 2. Regionality and globalization. Under the dual influence of natural conditions and humanistic background, the architectural and landscape environment in history embodies distinct regional characteristics. Global building materials (concrete, steel, etc. ) and structural technology are superior to local natural and climatic conditions. In this way, even in the environmental renewal design of historical areas, regional differences will be ignored, resulting in similarities in forms and methods.

Three. Principles and basic methods of urban historical regional environment renewal design respect local traditions, respect surrounding environment (including natural and humanistic environment), and create urban space environment rooted in modern life and with place spirit, which are the basic principles of urban historical regional environment renewal design. 1. The traditional style of continuing history is an explicit style and feature formed by the combination of various elements in the architectural environment in a certain period according to certain fixed procedures and methods. Traditional style contains rich political, economic and cultural information. The continuation of modern architectural environment to traditional style means the transmission of historical information across time and space, with the aim of inspiring people's inner sense of identity. (1) image. The forms and phenomena of space are called images. The differences in cultural structure, national psychology, aesthetic concepts, customs and lifestyles make the architectural space of different nationalities and regions form different spatial forms. (2) text. To embody the traditional style in language, we can adopt the method of element reconstruction, that is, decompose the old constituent relations between the original element systems and recombine them according to the requirements of the times. (3) significance. The continuation of traditional style in design should not stop at the exploration of form, but should go deep into traditional psychology and aesthetics, that is, the level of meaning. China's traditional architecture and landscape environment often show poetic beauty of life, while Japanese traditional architecture and garden artistic conception often show Zen. 2. There are four basic methods to maintain the organic, rich and complete urban form: restoration, reconciliation, comparison and transformation. (1) repair. Transform and supplement the original historical buildings and landscape environment. On the basis of respecting the original spatial form, modern new materials such as glass, stainless steel and aluminum alloy and light materials such as wood are added to traditional buildings. By setting off the old elements with new elements, the identifiability of historical information is increased. (2) reconciliation. In the design, similar techniques are adopted, whether in modeling or in spirit, to unify the form of new landscape into the historical atmosphere of old landscape, or to update the old landscape in form. (3) comparison. There are two kinds of contrast: one is that the old landscape exists as fragments in the new landscape and becomes ruins, highlighting its special aesthetic value. The second is that the new landscape, as a historical fragment, is directly combined with the old landscape, showing a diachronic process, such as Pompidou ocean centre. (4) transformation. Transformation refers to the preservation of the original structure and form of historical buildings and environment, and the transformation of their existence, significance and theme. For example, the design of Yu Zhongshan Qijiang Park transforms the abandoned shipyard into a public leisure space. Fourth, the future development of urban historical regional environment renewal design 1. It has a national style. The United Nations organizes countries to invest huge sums of money to protect cultural heritages around the world, with the aim of promoting the integration of the charm of national traditional culture into modern cultural creation and maintaining the characteristics of regional culture. Regionality is an important part of national style. Drawing lessons from traditional culture, emphasizing regionality and expressing traditional architectural vocabulary with brand-new architectural language are better innovative ways for environmental art design. 2. Individualization of the times. Individualization is different from tradition and abroad. It is the combination of tradition and modernity, and it is the integration or abstraction of tradition on the basis of modernity. It is original by nature and has a unique personality. The design of urban historical environment is to create a beautiful space between individuals and cities by combining many elements such as region, environment and history. V. Conclusion The urban image put forward by Norbert Schulz, a famous urban design expert, and the architectural significance put forward by China architect Liang Sicheng are all high-level goals for the comprehensive effect of environmental art, pursuing the corresponding artistic conception. In the renewal design of urban historical environment, emphasizing regionality will surely become the highlight of environmental art design in 2 1 century, and emphasizing regionality and national style will lead to the internationalization of design. Only in this way can we create environmental art works with distinctive regional characteristics and better display the rich urban regional culture.

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