China's drama materials

China's plays mainly include traditional Chinese opera and drama. Traditional Chinese opera is a traditional drama in China. After a long period of development and evolution, five major operas in China, namely Peking Opera, Yue Opera, Huangmei Opera, Pingju Opera and Henan Opera, have gradually formed.

Drama is a form of western drama introduced in the 20th century. China's classical opera is an important part of China's national culture, which can be called the quintessence of China. It is favored by people for its artistic charm. Moreover, it also occupies a unique position in the world drama circle, and is called the three ancient dramas in the world together with the tragicomedy of ancient Greece and Brahma drama of India.

Traditional Chinese opera is a unique title of China traditional drama. The first person who used the word "opera" in history was Song (1240- 13 19), who proposed "Yongjia Opera" in The Biography of the Poet Wu. What he said was "Southern Opera", "Drama" and "Yongjia Opera".

Since modern Wang Guowei, "drama" has been used as the general name of traditional drama culture in China. The most striking and unique artistic feature of China's traditional drama is "Qu", which is mainly composed of music and singing. Distinguishing a local opera mainly depends on the local language in singing, melody and singing.

For example, Sichuan Opera, Zhejiang Yue Opera, Guangdong Yue Opera, Henan Yu Opera, Shaanxi Qin Opera, Shandong Lu Opera, Fujian Min Opera, Hubei Han Opera, Hebei Pingju Opera and Jiangsu Kunju Opera.

Traditional Chinese opera is one of the traditional arts in China. There are all kinds of interesting operas, including singing, dancing, talking, singing and martial arts. This is unique in the history of world drama. Its main features are: taking Peking Opera, the representative of China classical opera, as an example, one is that women dress up as men (in Yue Opera, women often dress up as men);

The second is to divide life, Dan, essence and ugliness into four major industries; Third, there is an exaggerated makeup art-Facebook; Fourthly, "costume" (that is, costumes and props of China traditional operas) basically have fixed styles and specifications;

The fifth is to use "procedures" to implement. China's national operas, from "Nuo Opera" in pre-Qin Dynasty, "Hundred Operas" in Han Dynasty, "Joining the Army" in Tang Dynasty, Zaju in Song Dynasty, Southern Opera in Southern Song Dynasty and Zaju in Yuan Dynasty, to the unprecedented prosperity of local operas in Qing Dynasty and the formation of Beijing Opera.

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China's five major plays:

1, Peking Opera

Pingju, once called Pingju, is one of the five major dramas in China. The scene layout pays attention to freehand brushwork, and the timbre is mainly Xipi and Huanger, supplemented by huqin and gongs and drums. It is regarded as the quintessence of China and the "top spot" of China's opera Sandingjia.

Anhui Opera is the predecessor of Beijing Opera. Since the 55th year of Qianlong reign in Qing Dynasty (1790), four Huizhou classes, Sanqing, Sixi, Chuntai and Hechun, which originally performed in the south, have successively entered Beijing to cooperate with artists from Hubei.

At the same time, it also accepted some plays, tunes and performance methods of Kunqu Opera and Shaanxi Opera, and absorbed some local folk tunes. After constant communication and integration, Peking Opera was finally formed. After the formation of Peking Opera, it began to develop rapidly in the Qing court until the Republic of China.

Beijing Opera, centered on Beijing, has spread all over the world and become an important medium to introduce and spread China's traditional art and culture. 20 10, 1 10, 16, Peking Opera was listed in the "Representative List of World Intangible Cultural Heritage".

2. Yue Opera

China's second largest drama is called the second national drama, also known as the "most popular local drama", and some people think it is the "largest local drama", and it is called "Chinese opera" abroad.

Originated in Shengzhou, Zhejiang, originated in Shanghai, flourished in the whole country and spread to the world. In the process of development, it absorbed the achievements of Kunqu opera, traditional opera and Shao opera, and experienced the historical evolution from men's Yue opera to women's Yue opera.

Yue Opera is good at expressing emotion, focusing on singing, with beautiful voice, real and moving performance, beautiful and elegant, and full of Jiangnan spirit; Most of them take "gifted scholars and beautiful women" as the theme, and there are many artistic schools, among which thirteen are recognized.

Mainly popular in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Jiangxi, Anhui and other southern regions, as well as most northern regions such as Beijing and Tianjin. In its heyday, except for Tibet, Guangdong, Guangxi and a few other provinces and regions, there were professional theatrical troupes all over the country.

3. Huangmei Opera

Formerly known as Huangmei tune and tea-picking drama, it originated in Huangmei, Hubei Province and developed in Anqing, Anhui Province.

Huangmei Opera, together with Beijing Opera, Yue Opera, Pingju Opera and Henan Opera, is called "the five major operas in China" and is also the main local opera in Anhui Province. Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hongkong and Taiwan Province provinces also have professional or amateur Huangmei Opera performance groups, which are widely welcomed.

Huangmei opera is simple and fluent in singing, good at lively lyricism and rich in expressive force; The performance is simple and meticulous, and it is famous for its truthfulness and vividness. A song "The Match of Heaven and Fairy" has made Huangmei Opera popular all over the country and has a high reputation overseas.

Step 4 get together by chance

A traditional opera that spreads in northern China is one of the most popular operas in China. Some people think it is the second largest drama in China. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, it was formed on the basis of the ditty "Opposite Lotus Falls" in Luanxian County, Hebei Province. It was first popular in rural areas of Hebei province, and then entered Tangshan, and was called "Tangshan Xiazi".

It was popular in Northeast China around the 1920s, and a number of actresses appeared. After 1930s, under the influence of Peking Opera and Hebei Bangzi, the performance of Pingju became more and more mature, and schools such as "Bai", "Bai", "Picking Lotus" and "Ai Lianjun" appeared.

After 1950, the plays such as Little Son-in-law, Liu Qiaoer, Flowers as Media, Complaining to Third Sister Yang, Qin Xianglian and so on have great influence in the whole country, with new, famous, famous actors appearing. Pingju is still popular in North China and Northeast China.

Pingju is divided into East Road and West Road, with East Road as the main one.

5. Henan Opera

Originated in the Central Plains (Henan), it is one of the five major operas in China and the largest local opera in China. Contemporary Henan Opera has followed Henan Satellite TV, Henan Henan Opera Academy, Taiwan Province Henan Opera Troupe and other performance groups through many countries in the world.

For example, Australia, Italy, France, Canada, Venezuela, New Zealand, Germany, Britain, the United States and other countries are praised as "oriental arias" by westerners.

Henan Opera has been continuously inherited, reformed and innovated on the basis of Henan Bangzi. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Henan was called Henan Opera for short.

Henan Opera is famous for its sonorous singing, moderate intonation, clear articulation, mellow charm, liveliness, flesh and blood, and being good at expressing the inner feelings of characters. It is widely welcomed by people from all walks of life for its high artistry. Because its music accompaniment takes jujube bangzi as the beat, it was named Henan Bangzi in the early days.

Baidu Encyclopedia-China Drama

Baidu Encyclopedia-China Opera