What's the difference between H-beam and I-beam?

People often ask how to choose I-beams in specific applications, because they look like H-beams. Many workers who have worked in the construction industry for many years cannot elaborate.

Let me explain in detail here: Many people think that I-beam is the name of China and I-beam is an overseas name, but this cognitive ability is actually incorrect. H-beam and I-beam have different appearances, as shown in the following figure:

I-beam, as its name implies, is a kind of steel with I-section. The inner surfaces of the left and right flange plates have a slope, generally 1: 6, which makes the flange plates thin outside and thick inside. Therefore, the cross-sectional characteristics of I-beams on the two main planes are quite different, so they cannot give full play to their due compressive strength characteristics in application. Although I-beam has also appeared in the sales market, its structure has long determined its weak torsion characteristics.

H-beam is an aluminum profile widely used in steel structure engineering today, which is different from I-beam in many ways. The first is the flange, and then the inner surface of the flange has no slope, and the left and right surface layers are parallel. The section characteristics of H-beam are obviously better than traditional I-beam, inferior steel and angle steel. Laser cutting of metal material is used to process mobile phone WeChat, and the content is very good, which is very worthy of attention. H-beam is an economically developed cross-sectional aluminum profile with higher total cross-sectional area distribution and more effective strength-to-weight ratio. It is famous for its cross section similar to the English letter "H". The inner and outer sides of H-beam are vertical without inclination. This makes the welding and splicing of H-beam easier than the actual operation of I-beam, and the physical properties of enterprise net weight are stronger, which can save a lot of raw materials and engineering construction time.

The section of I-beam has good working pressure and tensile performance, but the section specification is too narrow for torsional performance because of the existence of flange plate. On the other hand, H steel has advantages and disadvantages.

The differences and main uses of H-beam and I-beam show that

1, I-beam, whether universal or light, has a great difference in the moment of inertia between the two main sleeves because the section specifications are relatively high and narrow. Therefore, generally, it can only be used immediately as a curved prefabricated member in the plan view of its beam end or as a grid load-bearing prefabricated member. Precast members that are stressed on the fulcrum or bent in the plan view of vertically bisecting the beam end are not suitable for selection, which makes them have great limitations in application.

2.h-beam is an aluminum profile with high efficiency and economic development (others include cold-drawn thick-walled steel and profiled steel plate, etc.). ). Because of their effective cross-sectional appearance, they can make stainless steel plates more effective and improve their cutting ability. Different from the general I-beam, the flange plate of H-beam is widened, and the inner and outer layers are generally parallel to each other, which is convenient for connecting with other prefabricated members with high-strength bolts. Its specifications constitute an effective series of products, and the models and specifications are complete, which is convenient for the design scheme to adopt. (Except artificial I-beam of crane beam)

3. The flange plates of H-beam are all of equal thickness, and the cross section is cold rolled, and the cross section is made of three plates welded by electric welding. The sections of I-beams are all cold-rolled. Due to poor manufacturing process, the inner edge of the flange is inclined 1: 10. The cold rolling of H-beam is different from ordinary I-beam, and there is only one set of horizontal hot rolled strip. Because its flange plate is wide and has no inclination (or little inclination), it is necessary to add a set of vertical hot rolled strip steel for additional rolling. Therefore, its cold rolling process and mechanical equipment are more complicated than ordinary extruders. The height-width ratio of the large cold-rolled H-beam that can be manufactured in China is 800mm, which is beyond the section composed only of electric welding.

In China's national standard for hot-rolled H-beams (GB/T11263-1998), H-beams are divided into three categories: narrow flange plates, wide flange plates and steel piles, and their numbers are hz, hk and hu respectively. H-beam with narrow flange is suitable for beam or bending precast member, and H-beam with wide flange and H-beam pile are suitable for pivoting precast member or bending precast member. Compared with H-beam, W, ix and iy are not as good as H-beam on the premise of equal net weight.

4. I-beams have small circumference and high aspect ratio, and only bear the force in one direction.

5.h-beam is deep and thick, and can bear forces in two directions.

6. With the development trend of steel structure engineering, only I-beams are necessarily bad, that is, thickened I-beams are very easy to be unbalanced when used for load-bearing columns.

7. I-beams can only be used for bearing beams, and I-beams can only be used for constructing bearing columns.

8.H-beam is an economical and practical cross-section stainless steel plate. Its physical properties are better than I-beam, and it is famous for its cross-section appearance similar to the English letter "H". The flange plate of hot-rolled H-beam is wider than I-beam, with greater bending stiffness and stronger bending strength. H-beam is lighter than I-beam under the same specification and model. The principle of making mobile phone WeChat is very good and worthy of attention.

9. I-beam flange plate is thick near the beam end and thin outside; H-beam flange plate has equal wear surface.

10.HW HM HN H is the floorboard of H-beam, which is welded; Hhwhmhn is a popular tie.

1 1.HW indicates that the height-width ratio of H-beam is the same as the total width of flange plate; The key point is to set steel core column in reinforced concrete frame shear wall column, also known as rigid steel beam; Column is the key in steel frame structure.

12.HM is the height-width ratio of H-beam, and the total width of flange plate is about1.33 ~1.75; The key lies in the steel frame structure: as a steel shear wall, it bears the driving force load as a frame column in the frame shear wall; For example: equipment platform.

13.HN is the height-width ratio of H-beam to the total width ratio of flange plate greater than or equal to 2; The key is the beam; The main use of I-beam is equivalent to HN beam.

Reference link: What's the difference between I-beam and H-beam?