Why is the theater in Yuncheng, Shanxi called "Pu Opera"? What is "Pu"?

Pu Opera, named after Puzhou (now Yongji) in southwestern Shanxi, is also known as Puzhou Bangzi or South Road Bangzi. It is the main type of opera in Jinnan area, and Linfen area has many relics of ancient theatrical activities, such as the Yuan Dynasty stage of Wei Village in Linfen City, the East Sheep stage and the Yuan Dynasty stage of Wang Qu, etc., which are realistically modeled and have rich expressions, and they have reproduced the ancient theatrical art of our country. These physical historical materials prove that Jinnan region has a long history of theater activities. Pu Opera has a high singing voice, simple and unrestrained, and is good at heroic historical dramas that show generous passion and sadness, as well as the characterization and emotions of lyrical dramas.

Pu opera is "Puzhou Bang Bang", locally known as "messy play", named after the ancient Puzhou (now Yongji) area in Jinnan, Shanxi Province. It was formed during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty. It is one of the local opera styles in Shanxi Province, and is the oldest of the four major operas in Shanxi. It is popular in the counties in the south of Shanxi Province and in parts of Shaanxi, Henan, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It was originally called "Puzhou Bangzi". It was named because it originated in Puzhou (present-day Yongji, Shanxi). It is known as the "Four Great Operas of Shanxi" together with Zhonglu Bangzi (Jin Opera), Beilu Bangzi and Shangdang Bangzi. Pu Opera in the Qing Dynasty during the Qianlong period (18th century), the provinces called "chaobang", "Jin cavity", "Shan-Shan Bangqiang", etc.; after the Jiaqing and Daoguang, it was also called "Shanxi Opera". After the Jiaqing and Daoguang Dynasties, it was also called "Shanxi Opera"; in Shaanxi Province, it was called "East Road Opera", and in the north and central part of Shanxi Province, it was called "South Road Opera"; in Jinnan Province, it was customary to call it "Big Opera" or "Messy Bomb". In Jinnan, the local custom is to call it "big opera" or "chaotic play". Shanxi Puzhou and Shaanxi Tongzhou (now Dali), Chaoyi, Henan Shanzhou (now Shaanxi County), Lingbao, is located in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, living in the Yellow River torrent south and east of the triangle of the folding current, each other across the river, there has long been a close economic, cultural exchanges, their customs, voice, dialect is also largely the same. At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, this area already had the popularity of "messy bomb". Later, the Puzhou Opera and Tongzhou Opera, named after Puzhou and Tongzhou respectively, were two kinds of operas, but they originated from the same place. Their singing styles are similar, and they share the same path. Although they have different developmental changes nowadays, the artists in both places call themselves "messy bomb". Kong Shangren in the forty-sixth year of the Kangxi period (1707) "Pingyang bamboo stick lyrics? In his "Pingyang Bamboo Words" of 1707, Kong Shangren said that Pingyang's (now Linfen's) famous young opera singer Kwai Wa's "Flower Clapper" was exceptionally outstanding, which shows the popularity of chaotic bombing in the south of Jin at that time. Tongzhou Opera, which was originally a Qin Opera, in the Qianlong period, Yan Changming wrote in the "Qin Yunying Xiaozheng" that Xianglin, a famous Qin Opera singer, crossed the Yellow River and "sold his skills to Taiyuan from Puzhou", which shows that the operas of the Shan and Shaanxi operas were similar to each other. The artists of Puzhou and Tongzhou have always been in the habit of performing with each other. During the Jiaqing period, there was a "Shan-Shaan class" performing in Beijing, and until the Guangxu and Xuantong periods, Puzhou and Tongzhou artists still sang in the same Bangkok class in Beijing, such as the famous Sousheng Guo Baochen (Yuan Yuanhong, Puzhou Bangkok artist) and Bai Changlian (Gaixian, Dan, Tongzhou Bangkok artist) performing the "Whiplash Reed Flower" as a case in point. Therefore, Beijing, Tianjin, Zhili (Hebei) has always been called "Shan-Shan Bangkas". In addition, they also had *** with the group south, in Hubei Xiangyang Laohekou theater experience. Shan-Shan Bangkok has played an important role in the formation of Bangkok Opera around the world.