Briefly explain the reasons, main contents and significance of the reform of rural economic system.

Analysis: Reasons: ① the requirements of the four modernizations. ② The shortcomings of the people's commune. The natural disasters in Anhui and Sichuan were serious. ④The enlightened policy of the local government and the affirmation of the Party Central Committee. ⑤ The pioneering spirit of the peasants. Contents: First, the reform of the land system with the family contract responsibility system as the main body; second, the abolition of the people's commune and production brigade, the establishment of township and township governments and villagers' committees; third, the reform of the economic management system to adapt agricultural production to the needs of the market, mainly the reform of the system of unified purchasing and distribution of agricultural products to allow agricultural products to enter the market; fourth, the vigorous development of township and village enterprises and non-agricultural industries, and diversified business. Significance: The comprehensive reform of the countryside overcame the shortcomings of the past business management, mobilized the production enthusiasm of the peasants, promoted the overall development of the rural economy, and at the same time adapted to the direction of modernization and laid the foundation for further development of the countryside. Hints: Read the first and second paragraphs of the first item of the textbook and the "Window of Learning and Thinking", and think about and answer the historical and practical reasons for the reform of the rural economic system. Think about the content of the reform from the perspectives of business system, management system, distribution system and industrial structure. The reforms have been implemented from the perspective of the impact on farmers, agriculture, industrialization, and modernization.