An insurmountable gap, automatic driving from L3 to L4.

Speaking of autonomous driving, I think many friends are very interested. In this paper, we will introduce some knowledge of autonomous driving and the development of related industries around the definition of autonomous driving. With the rise of the wave of intelligent technology, autonomous driving technology began to develop rapidly. Facing the broad market prospect, the development of Internet in China and the government's support for the industry, many domestic science and technology enterprises and automobile manufacturing enterprises are committed to the research and development of auto-driving technology.

Today, technology companies, traditional car companies and a number of start-ups have become the main participants in the autonomous driving industry. At the same time, capital also showed strong interest. Even from the second half of 20 18, the industry began to look at this technology more calmly because of its less than expected development, but autonomous driving is still developing steadily.

The seemingly crazy self-driving schedule of major automakers before. After several accidents and the delayed promotion of relevant policies and regulations, they all entered a period of reflection and calmed down.

What is autonomous driving?

Self-driving car means: equipped with advanced on-board sensors, controllers, actuators and other equipment, and integrated with the present? Generation of communication and network technology, with complex environmental awareness, intelligent decision-making, collaborative control and other functions, to achieve car and? X (people, cars, roads, clouds, etc. ) intelligent information exchange, * * * enjoy, finally can realize the operation instead of people? A new generation of self-driving cars are also called intelligent networked cars.

Simply put, the autopilot system is equivalent to the existence of human drivers. Similar to humans performing driving actions? In the whole process, self-driving cars also need to "see" the surrounding road conditions and pass the information to the "brain" for thinking. Get a reasonable route, and finally make a decision to "control" the driving path of the vehicle. Therefore, the industry generally believes that? "Perception-decision-execution" are three important systems of self-driving cars, corresponding to human eyes. Eye-brain-limbs ".

What is advanced autopilot?

According to the information consulted by Bian Xiao, in the international general cognition, the automatic driving classification standard mainly adopted by the industry is the Classification and Definition of Standard Road Vehicle Driving Automation System published by SAEInternational in 20 14 and revised in 20 18. According to the number of dynamic driving tasks performed by the system, automatic driving is divided into six grades: L0-L5? Different levels.

According to the standard of "whether the driver should be in driving state after the automatic driving function is turned on", automatic driving can be divided into assisted driving and automatic driving with L3 as the dividing line. Theoretically only above L3? (including L3) can be called autopilot.

The ideal state of a self-driving car is a high level of L5 (fully autonomous driving), that is, it can be used in all? In the road environment, the complete dynamic driving task and dynamic driving task support are carried out without driver intervention. At this time, self-driving cars can also be called driverless cars.

Gradually pay attention to autonomous driving technology.

In 20 14, Baidu began to develop autonomous driving and brought this new technology from the laboratory to the forefront of industrialization. Since then, self-driving companies in China have emerged in an endless stream, attracting a lot of capital attention, and the government has also given support.

In the face of autonomous driving technology, car companies have experienced a psychological process from distrust to gradual attention. Until now, all major car companies in the market have laid out in this field.

Not interested: 20/|||| 0/4-20/|||| 0/5, Baidu set up an autonomous driving division and began to develop autonomous driving? Technology. Due to the different genes of enterprises, car companies with a history of 100 years are not interested in the business of technology companies, and the strategies released at this time are mostly related to intelligent networking.

Second interview: 2065 438+06-2065 438+07 SAIC put forward "Electrification, intelligence? The new four-oriented layout of "energy, network and enjoyment" has become the goal pursued by various car companies. At the same time, a number of autonomous driving companies such as Ma Xiao Star, Main Line Technology and Heduo Technology were born. Begin to re-examine and follow up this new technology that represents the future.

Making Strategy: Following the release of the new A8 of the world's first L3-class self-driving car by Audi on 20 17, domestic mainstream car companies such as BAIC, SAIC and Changan have successively announced their strategic plans focusing more on the field of autonomous driving.

At present, you can contact the application of autonomous driving technology.

After practical exploration in recent years, major car companies have mastered some advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) technologies, and gradually realized the difficulty of mass production of high-grade autonomous driving technology, so they have readjusted their strategic planning to be more pragmatic. There are two specific manifestations: the first is more willing to apply the mastered technology to existing products first. Through the combination of the two, the iterative upgrade is completed, creating value for users and improving the scientific and technological attributes of products. The second is a gradual route that is more inclined to autonomous driving. We no longer blindly pursue the realization of L4/L5 autopilot, but focus on developing some L3 autopilot functions in the next few years, such as HWP, TJP, AVP, etc. Strive to achieve mass production of some functions as soon as possible as a new car selling point.

Most car companies have already achieved L2 mass production, aiming at a higher level.

At present, most domestic mainstream car companies have launched L2-class self-driving production models. According to the classification of SAE, when starting this level of automatic driving, the driver still needs to observe the driving situation at all times and take the initiative to brake. Accelerate or turn to ensure driving safety. LKA, APA, ACC and AEB are all common L2 autopilot functions.

If it is listed as "number of self-driving vehicles at all levels/year? As an evaluation standard of historical penetration rate of L 1/L2 autopilot, as of 20 19,? The market penetration rate of L2 autonomous driving has gone through the initial stage, rising to 3.3%, and the near penetration rate has increased rapidly. The inflection point of the rising curve.

Why is it so difficult for a car to drive automatically from L3 to L4? There are still many problems to be solved in terms of policies, regulations, technology and manufacturing.

Whether it is from policy formulation, the improvement of laws and regulations, the promotion of smart city infrastructure, these problems that should be solved at the government level, to the breakthrough of intelligent algorithms, the development of high-precision maps, and the processing capacity of data communication exchange, these technology companies need to break through technological development, and then to vehicle manufacturing, cost control, and technology popularization, these problems need to be solved by automobile companies. Automatic driving is a systematic project and a breakthrough of social development. Let's meet this day bravely.

This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.