What are the methods of group counseling for elementary school students?

Primary school students in the process of education, students need to face heavy learning tasks, great learning pressure and various forms of learning activities, the need to complete the transition from dependence on parents to independence, but due to the incomplete development of the body and mind, so that elementary school students in the process of transition can not properly deal with a number of maladaptive problems, it is very easy to leave shadows and traces of the student's psyche, as a result of the emergence of psychological problems. It is very easy to leave shadows and traces in students' psychology, laying hidden dangers for the emergence of psychological problems. Group counseling method for elementary school students is a group activity as a carrier, the psychological counseling of all primary school students in the form of education, mental health education as a medium, effective prevention of psychological problems, and promote the healthy development of elementary school students physically and mentally.

I. Group Counseling Methods for Elementary School Students

1. Warm-up Activity Method

The so-called Warm-up Activity Method is to make elementary school students excited as soon as possible through the warm-up activities, and to actively participate in all kinds of learning activities with maximum enthusiasm, emphasizing the students' positive attitude of participation and commitment. This method is generally applicable before the beginning of the course, to create a relaxed psychological atmosphere for students, stimulate students' interest and enthusiasm for course learning.

2. Situational experience method

The so-called situational experience method mainly refers to the creation of various kinds of common and familiar situations in life for students to help them integrate and relax as soon as possible, to better clear their minds and to improve their learning efficiency.

3. Role-playing method

Role-playing method, that is, with the help of the form of psychodrama, let the students role-playing, in the performance of the imagination and relaxation, in order to achieve the elimination of psychological difficulties, and promote the development of the physical and mental health of the purpose.

4. Group discussion method

The so-called group discussion method mainly refers to the psychological counseling teacher's help, the students will be divided into a number of groups, and then threw out the theme, guiding the students to discuss and analyze the group discussion and talk about their views on certain types of events and problems, so that all students can participate in it, speak freely, and give full attention to it.

5. Lecture method

The lecture method is the most traditional and basic method of group counseling. Through the teacher's verbal lectures, or with the help of multimedia teaching facilities, students are explained the knowledge of mental health, which helps them to establish the basic cognition of mental health, to grasp the correct method of psychological guidance, and to deal with the psychological problems encountered in the process of growing up and learning better.

The implementation strategy of group counseling for primary school students

Based on the above methods of group counseling for primary school students, the author has formulated the implementation strategy of counseling education from the three levels of group atmosphere creation, understanding of group needs, and designing group activities, which not only helps to improve the relationship between teachers and students, and students and students, and to build a harmonious classroom community, but also helps to ease the psychological pressure on the students, and guides them to understand themselves more comprehensively. Guiding them to know themselves more comprehensively and enhance their physical and mental health.

1. Create a safe and relaxing group atmosphere

Pupils need to be independent as well as integrated into the group, learning to get along and communicate with others, and experiencing sharing, reminiscing, challenging, helping and accepting in the group. Therefore, when teachers conduct group counseling, they should take into full consideration the environment and group characteristics of the students, design group counseling activities according to local conditions, and try their best to create a relaxed and safe group atmosphere. Only in this way can primary school students relax their vigilance in group activities, establish trust and bold acceptance. First, the development of public **** agreement. Compared to school rules and classroom regulations, conventions emphasize the students' subjective position and are more easily accepted by the students. Therefore, we need to let students discuss and formulate collective rules on their own through democratic decision-making, as public **** pacts to monitor each other and **** together to abide by them. This approach abandons the mandatory nature of the regulations, more emotional temperature, negotiated and formulated by the students themselves, and also more binding on the students. Secondly, simple group activities are carried out. According to the warm-up activity method, we can design some simple collective activities before the course begins, so that students are involved in the activities, which not only creates a safe, warm and open atmosphere for the activities, but also breaks the rigidity and divide between students, eliminates the unfamiliarity between individuals, and allows students to mingle as soon as possible, familiarize themselves with each other, and generate great interest and anticipation in the next course, which lays the groundwork for the development of the course and the extension of the activities to lay the foundation.

2. Tailored to the needs of the group members

Before they come into contact with group counseling, primary school students are prone to misunderstandings and treat it as a simple game or play activity. This requires us to formulate group counseling plans and adopt different group counseling methods according to the physical and mental characteristics and developmental needs of primary school students of different ages, so as to achieve the goal of tailoring education to the needs of the students. For younger students, because of their limited knowledge and ability to express themselves, they are unable to independently distinguish and describe clearly what is in their minds. Therefore, teachers can only find out the students' individual problems and potential shining points through observation and assessment. For example, there is a girl in my class who is quiet, never speaks up, and does not even dare to tell her parents or teachers when she is bullied by her classmates. So I took her as a model and designed group counseling lessons such as "Speak Up" and "Make Friends on Your Own Initiative". With the intervention of the teacher, the students were allowed to work in small groups in accordance with certain principles and ****together to accomplish a task, either a game, a painting, or making crafts, etc. The students were allowed to accept each other in teamwork. Let the students accept the help and support of their peers in teamwork, and take the initiative to give and share, to experience the joy of teamwork, to get out of the confinement of the self, and no longer afraid to socialize with others.

3. Emphasis on practice, improve the theory + practice of experiential teaching

The fundamental purpose of group counseling courses is not only to enable students to master the knowledge and theory of mental health, but also more importantly, to help students gain the ability to grow healthily, so that students attach importance to participation, and really take action, so that the knowledge of mental health can be internalized in the heart, and help in action. First, strengthen the method of teaching. As far as primary school students are concerned, complex and abstract theoretical knowledge is difficult to understand and learning efficiency is low. Therefore, teachers should focus on teaching methods, teaching students to recognize themselves, analyze their own methods, laying the foundation for independent guidance and psychological repair. Secondly, strengthen the application of knowledge. Due to the long cycle of group counseling activities, students can only take a lesson every week or every other week, and the knowledge students learned in the class is easily forgotten. Therefore, after explaining the specific methods of problem solving, teachers need to create corresponding problem situations, so that students can apply what they have learned on the spot, to strengthen their knowledge, but also let them learn to apply what they have learned to practical problem solving, to achieve the purpose of knowledge and action.

In summary, there are various methods of group counseling for elementary school students, which need to be scientifically selected and planned according to the age characteristics, physical and mental characteristics and growth aspirations of primary school students. With the main principles of localization, tailored teaching and practice, we are committed to creating a safe and relaxing group atmosphere, comprehensively understanding the needs of group members, and perfecting the theory + practice of experiential teaching, so that primary school students can be tightly linked together, and have a better and more comprehensive experience of growth in the collective, and improve their physical and mental health.