What is involved in Image Processing Fundamentals

What is involved in the fundamentals of image processing: image digitization, image preprocessing, image transformation, image enhancement and restoration, image compression coding, image segmentation, image analysis and description, image recognition classification.

1. Image Digitization

Image digitization is the process of converting real world images into digital images. This process is accomplished through the use of optical character recognition (OCR) technology, scanners, and other equipment to convert paper images into digital information for subsequent computer processing and transmission.

2, image pre-processing

Before image processing, a series of image pre-processing is needed to improve the quality of the image and extract useful information. Preprocessing includes grayscaling, binarization, denoising, smoothing and other operations.

3. Image Transformation

Image transformation is to convert an image from the spatial domain to the frequency domain or to perform multi-scale decomposition by performing geometric transformation, Fourier transform, cosine transform, wavelet transform and other operations on the image, so as to extract the features and information in the image.

4, image enhancement and restoration

Image enhancement and restoration is through the image contrast, brightness, color and other aspects of the image enhancement, or image recovery to improve the visual effect of the image. This aspect is widely used in medical image processing, remote sensing image processing and other fields.

5, image compression coding

Because of the large amount of image data, the need for compression to reduce storage space and transmission time. Common image compression coding methods are JPEG, PNG and so on.

6, image segmentation

Image segmentation is to split the different parts of the image in order to facilitate subsequent analysis and processing. Segmentation methods include threshold segmentation, region growing, edge detection and so on.

7, image analysis and description

The segmented image is further analyzed and described to extract the features and information. This includes texture analysis, shape analysis, color analysis and so on.

8, image recognition and classification

According to the features and information of the image, it is recognized and classified to achieve image classification and target detection. This includes applications such as face recognition, license plate recognition, and object recognition.