What is the most effective exercise for stroke rehabilitation and how to encourage patients? Talking, walking and arms, how to practice these three rehabilitation exercises is the most effective?

Daily life training: Through daily life training, patients can live independently as soon as possible. Training should be carried out gradually from simple to complex, from indoor to outdoor, from inside to outside the hospital; 1, Mat exercise: Let patients learn how to move around on the mat, lie on their side, sit up, get up gradually, bunk bed, etc. 2, crutch balance exercise: learn and apply crutch skills, get on and off the wheelchair; 3. Self-care training: personal hygiene, brushing teeth, washing face, bathing, etc. Personal body surface modification, hair combing and shaving; Go to the toilet or go to the toilet, handle it yourself; Eating, dressing and undressing; Take a watch, turn on the light, make a phone call, wear glasses, etc. 4. Travel activities: getting on and off and other means of transportation.

Language recovery after stroke

More than half of stroke patients can't speak or speak clearly, or they can speak spontaneously, but they don't understand what others are saying. These are all language disorders caused by stroke. Medically, language disorders of stroke patients are divided into aphasia and dysarthria. The former is divided into motor aphasia, sensory aphasia, mixed aphasia and named aphasia.

Functional rehabilitation training includes pronunciation training, phrase training, conversation training, reading training, sentence retelling training, character recognition, pointing out the name of an article, executing commands, matching pictures with objects, etc.

Rehabilitation training for patients with complete aphasia should start with learning pronunciation, like teaching children to speak, such as making patients pronounce "ah" or whistling with their mouths to induce pronunciation. Then talk about common words, such as eating, drinking, doing, etc. Or show a card and let the patient read the words on it. Then teach disyllabic words, phrases, short sentences and long sentences in turn. During training, speech is combined with visual stimuli, for example, when eating, it is combined with food, or by looking at pictures, speech is combined with pictures. Patients with incomplete motor aphasia can speak some words, phrases, sentences or are not fluent. Patients are often poor in vocabulary, slow in speech and repetitive in language. We should teach these patients patiently, read stories repeatedly, practice flexibility and practice language skills.

The training of patients with sensory aphasia is more difficult than that of patients with motor aphasia. Training can adopt visual logic method and gesture method. For example, give the patient a face plate, put a towel away and tell him to "wash his face". Although the patient doesn't understand the meaning of the word "wash his face", he will logically understand that you are asking him to wash his face. After many days of repetition, language and vision are combined for a long time, and the language function is restored. Gesture means that family members or caregivers train patients with gestures and language. If the patient is allowed to "eat" and the trainer demonstrates the action of eating with chopsticks many times, the patient will soon understand and take the initiative to eat with chopsticks.

Functional training for patients with mixed aphasia is more difficult, and it must be repeated by combining speaking, watching and listening. If the patient is asked to wear a sweater, he should not only say "wear a sweater" for the patient to listen to, but also point to the prepared sweater and make a gesture for the patient to see.

Another language disorder caused by stroke is dysarthria, which is mainly manifested in inaccurate pronunciation, unclear articulation, abnormal intonation, speech speed and rhythm, and excessive nasal sound. The rehabilitation method must carry out pronunciation training as soon as possible, including beginning pronunciation, continuous pronunciation, volume control and tone control. Exercise training of pronunciation organs, such as lip and tongue movement and soft jaw elevation; Pronunciation rhythm training includes stress training, intonation training and pause practice. Such patients often have excessive muscle tension, including laryngeal muscle tension. Reducing the muscle tension of laryngeal language through relaxation therapy such as breathing training and breathing control can lay the foundation for breathing and pronunciation. Relaxation therapy to reduce the tension of language and muscles through psychological behavior or drugs is also one of the important rehabilitation methods for such patients.