Geological survey unit localized management

China's geological exploration team was established at the beginning of the founding of the country. Over the past decades, China's geological exploration team has provided geological basic guarantee for the economic and social development of new China. The establishment and evolution of the management system of China's geological work has changed with the transformation of the country's economic system. The previous geological work management system was gradually formed during the historical period of planned economy. The traditional geological work management system played an important role in a certain period of time. In order to adapt to the changes of the situation, the geological work management system has been constantly reformed and adjusted.

In order to establish a new system of management of geological survey teams to meet the requirements of the socialist market economy, the General Office of the State Council issued a notice on "Reform of the Management System of Geological Survey Units" (Guo Ban Fa [1999] No. 37), which explicitly unified the geological survey units belonging to the former Ministry of Mines and Geology to all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, i.e., the public welfare geologic work and the commercial geologic work are operated separately and managed separately, and in addition to the retention of the geological work, the geological work is managed separately, and the management of the geological work is carried out separately. In other words, according to the principle of separate operation and management of public welfare geological work and commercial geological work, in addition to retaining a part of the elite geological survey teams, the rest of the geological exploration teams all implemented localized management and gradually realized enterprise management. The Ministry of Land and Resources, in conjunction with relevant departments and provincial people's governments, in accordance with the requirements of the programme approved by the State Council on the reform of the management system of geological exploration teams, has promoted the reform of the territorialization of geological exploration units and the implementation of the separate operation of public welfare and commercial geological work in accordance with the principle of separation of enterprises from business affairs, and has made positive progress in this regard. By the end of 2001, the task of localization of state-owned geological exploration units had been successfully completed, with 74 localized bureau-level geological exploration units, 1,148 affiliated enterprises and institutions, and about 627,000 employees*** (of which 352,000, or 56%, were on-the-job employees), accounting for 86.8% of the total number of geological exploration teams (722,000). Geological exploration units have steadily promoted reform and development in exploration, actively integrated into the regional economy, shown rapid growth in total economic output, gradually promoted reform of internal operating mechanisms, and achieved positive results in entrepreneurial management. At the same time as the implementation of the localized management of the geological exploration team, the establishment of the China Geological Survey, as the Ministry of Land and Resources directly under the organization and implementation of the national basic, public welfare, strategic geological and mineral exploration work of the institutions.

Since the localization of management, the reform of state-owned geological exploration units has made positive progress, and on the whole, the benefits of localization of management and entrepreneurial operation for geological exploration units outweigh the disadvantages. Since the localization of management, geosurveying units into the local economy, for the local economic development has made an important contribution to the development of their own economic strength has been developed and strengthened, the standard of living of the staff has also been greatly improved. But there is no outstanding performance in the search for breakthroughs; from the perspective of future development, geosurveying units can maintain the status quo, but the development of insufficient energy, the lack of risk-resistant ability.

(I) Governments at all levels have strengthened the policy support for the reform and development of geological exploration units

In the process of reforming geological exploration units, the State Council and local governments have formulated a series of policies, and the State Council and other relevant departments have successively promulgated the "Reform of the Management System of the Geological Exploration Teams" (Guo Ban Fa [1999] No. 37), and the "Notice on the Implementation Plan of the Management System Reform of the Geological Exploration Units under the State Bureau of State Economic and Trade Commission" (Guo Ban Fa [1999] No. 37). Notice on the Implementation Plan for the Reform of the Management System of State Economic and Trade Commission State Bureau of Geological Exploration Units" (Guo Ban Fa [2001] No. 2) and "Opinions on the Reform of the Management System of Geological Surveys and Science and Technology" (Guo Fa [1999] No. 181), "Decision of the State Council on the Strengthening of Geological Work" (Guo Fa [2006] No. 4), and other documents; the local governments have also issued a series of policies, including the "Three Unchanging The local governments have also issued policies to support the reform and development of state-owned geological exploration units, including the "three no changes" policy, the acquisition and circulation policy of mining rights, the preferential financial policy, the management policy of funds for retired personnel, the pension system and the housing policy, and so on. The survey statistics of geological exploration industry show that 56.6% of the 13 preferential policies and measures issued by the central government have basically been implemented by provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. Policy support for geological exploration units to deepen the reform and accelerate the development of a favorable environment and favorable conditions.

(2) the national geological exploration units generally realized faster economic development

from the statistical and survey situation, the economic development of state-owned geological exploration units in recent years as a whole maintained a sustained and rapid growth momentum, the main economic indicators on average have been growing at a rate of more than double-digit growth, the extra-budgetary income obtained through the market has increased dramatically, the economic strength and competitiveness of the significant enhancement, the total economic volume has increased significantly, the economic strength and competitiveness. The total economic volume has grown considerably, the comprehensive competitiveness has been enhanced, the income of the employees has increased considerably, and the quality of life has generally improved greatly compared with that before the territorialization. In the questionnaire, 89% of the respondents answered "basic recognition" and "getting better" to the "evaluation of the economic situation of the geological exploration unit since 2000", indicating that the reform and development results of the geological exploration unit in recent years have been greatly improved. Geological exploration units of the reform and development results have been widely recognized.

(3) Reform of Geological Exploration System Achieves Milestones

The reform goal of smooth transition of state-owned geological exploration units with more than 600,000 teams from direct management by the central government to localized management has been realized. The governments of provinces (cities and districts) have strengthened the leadership and management of localized geological exploration units, and the state-owned geological exploration units have accelerated their integration into the local economy, further strengthened their service functions and further broadened their service areas, thus forming a new situation in which the geological work and the regional economy are mutually supportive and promote each other.

(4) New progress has been made in the reform of internal entrepreneurship of geological exploration units

In promoting the reform of entrepreneurship of state-owned geological exploration units, all units have generally accelerated the speed of internal entrepreneurship reform, and actively explored and achieved new results in the areas of conversion of internal operation mechanism, revitalization of second-level units, and the establishment of effective incentive and constraint mechanisms, etc. In particular, in Zhejiang, Yunnan, Guangdong and Guangxi, the reform of internal management of geological exploration units was accelerated and new results were achieved. In particular, Zhejiang, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Inner Mongolia and other provinces and districts combined with their own actual situation out of the characteristics of the ground exploration unit reform road, has accumulated a lot of successful experience.

(E) Geological exploration units to further expand the field of service

In recent years, geological exploration units, on the one hand, efforts to strengthen geological exploration work, consolidate the main industry of geological exploration, increase the operation of mineral rights, and actively explore the integration of prospecting and mining and other leading industrial development model; on the other hand, to adapt to the new situation and new requirements, and actively broaden the field of service, and actively participate in the national land consolidation, rocky desertification remediation, Geological disaster prevention and control, soil and water conservation, geotourism development, land development and finishing, land and resources information construction, rock and mineral testing, etc., and achieved good economic benefits at the same time, but also for the geological exploration unit to open up a new space for development.