What are the representative figures of western music

History of the Development of Western Music and Its Representative Figures - -

Pop Music

Jazz

I. The Origin of Jazz Jazz (Jazz) has won the hearts of the majority of the audience with its very dynamic syncopated rhythms, jazzy scales of individuality, and improvisation (or singing) without losing its own rules and regulations, as well as the recognition of people from all walks of life in the field of music. With the blues and ragtime as its origins, it has evolved over a full century and is now a colorful and diverse group. Since the birth of the first jazz record in 1917, it has shown great potential for development: New Orleans jazz at the beginning of the 20th century, big band swing in the 30s, bebop in the 40s, cold jazz in the late 40s, hard bop in the 50s, free jazz in the 60s, rock and roll jazz from the 70s onward, and Latin jazz, fusion jazz, jazz funk and jazz funk in the 70s. ...... Jazz records of different styles have become a history of jazz development.

1. The origin of jazz -- blues and ragtime

Blues

Blues is a form of singing produced by the black folk after the Civil War. ......

Ragtime

Ragtime was the first form of American popular music to emerge as a truly national influence. It began

as a form of piano music that flourished from the 1890s to the end of World War I ......

2. The Birthplace of Jazz

New Orleans

Jazz was born in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in the southern city of New Orleans in the United States ......

Two, early jazz (late 19th century to the mid-1930s)

1, New Orleans jazz

Generally believed that New Orleans jazz appeared in the 1890s. But the first jazz

record was made in New Orleans in 1917 by the Original Dixieland

Jazz Band. ......

2, Chicago jazz

Three, swing

In the 1930s, a big band (Big Band) played by the Negro style, and very danceable jazz - swing (Swing, example 7) began to develop in New York ......

Four: Bibop

...... Bibop's melodies are disjointed and sometimes burst outward in a continuous stream; the rhythms are fragmented; the beats are ambiguous; and the harmonies change frequently and with great complexity (Example 8). The jazz musicians who promoted this style were primarily Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie ......

Fifth, cold jazz and hard bop

1, cold jazz (Cool Jazz)

In the late 1940s, as a reaction to bebop, a new, softer, warmer, more soothing and relaxing style of jazz appeared, which is called "cold jazz" ......

2. Hard Bop

...... Hard Bop emerged in the late 50's among black musicians in New York to fight against cold jazz. Unsatisfied with the classical-influenced style of Cold Jazz, they sought to revitalize the bebop ......

Sixth, free jazz

In the 1960s, jazz creativity developed rapidly, and creators tried to innovate in every way possible. They broke all the traditional rules of composition ......

Seven, modern jazz

From the development and evolution of jazz music experienced in the greater part of the century, no matter the musicians or the listeners, in the artistic interest and the level of knowledge have reached a relatively high level. Simple jazz has been difficult to meet their tastes, so they began to jazz new combinations, so that a jazz hybrid culture appeared ......

Rock Jazz (Jazz-Rock)

Latin Jazz (Latin Jazz)

Bossa Nova (Bossa Nova)

Fusion Jazz (Fusion Jazz)

Acid Jazz

I. The Birth of Country Music

Country Music (Country Music) appeared in the 1920s, and it originated from the folk music of the agricultural regions of the American South ......

II. Western Swing

...... Bob Wills from Texas incorporated a large number of western cowboy songs (a kind of romantic love songs from the countryside) and swing elements into country music, creating a western swing (Westen Swing) style similar to the "big band" lineup.

Three: Bluegrass Music

Another branch of country music emerged in the mountains of Kentucky in the 1940s, called Bluegrass Music. ......

Four , Nashville Sound

In the 1950s, Nashville became a concentration camp for country music, with most of the famous country musicians coming from here. As a result, quot;Nashville Soundquot; (Nashville Sound) has also become synonymous with country music...

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2 History of the Development of Western Music and Its Representatives- V. The Rebel Era of Country Music

...... By the 1970s, country music was getting old, so a "rebel movement" changed the traditional format of country music ......

6. Country singers

John Denver

Kenny Rogers

George strait

Vince Gill

Garth Brooks

The first country singer to be featured on the album was Vince Gill

The first country singer to be featured on the album was Vince Gill. Garth Brooks)

Shania Twain

Rock & Roll

I. The emergence of rock & roll

1. Background

2.

Tin Pan Alley

Country music

2. Early rock 'n' roll

From the mid-1950s to the early 1960s, rock 'n' roll grew rapidly from a toddler who had just learned to walk, and during this period the rock 'n' roll scene showed a boom. First, two pioneers defined the concept of rock 'n' roll more fully, and then three different stylistic tendencies emerged, championed by rock stars.

1, Bill Haley (1925 ～ 1981)

2, Elvis Presley (1935 ～ 1977)

3, three stylistic tendencies

Main Stream Rock

Moderate rock (Soft Rock)

Mountain Rock (Rockabilly)

4. Surfing Music

3. The Beatles and British Rock and Roll

1.

Like Presley in the '50s, the Beatles were the main driving force behind rock music in the '60s. Not only were the Beatles the most successful rock band in the world to date

Rolling Band ......

2. The Beatles' creative approach

3. The Rolling Stones and other bands

Four: Folk rock

1. Background

2. Bob Dylan

3. Other folk rock

Five: Psychedelic rock

1.

2. San Francisco bands

3. Outside of San Francisco

Jim Morrison and the Doors

Jimi Hendrix

6. Art Rock

Art Rock emerged in the late 1960s. Rock) emerged in the UK in the late 60s. It is characterized by a huge structure, a more complex harmonic language, often borrowing themes from classical music as material, and focusing on the logic of the music and the simplicity and unity of the musical material ......

Pink Floyd

Seven, mild rock and country rock

1, mild rock (Soft Rock)

2, country rock (Country Rock)

"The Eagles" (The Eagles)

eight, heavy metal

1. Heavy Metal

Led Zeppelin

Black Sabbath

Guns N' Roses

Van Halen

The Eagles

The Eagles

The Eagles

VIII. Van Halen

Bon Jovi

Def Leppard

AC/DC

Metallica

2. glam rock)

Related to heavy metal is another branch of hard rock, glam rock. It is characterized not so much by the music as by the makeup, costumes and theatrical behavior of the actors on stage. David Bowie was a leader in this field. He is often compared to a "chameleon" ......

9, punk movement

1, punk (Punk)

The rise and influence of the punk movement was mainly in the United Kingdom, and it is directly related to the West, especially the British society increasingly Demoiselle

has a direct link ......

2. New Wave

3. Grunge

Grunge, also known as "grunge"

Grunge, which emerged in Seattle, USA in the early 1990s, is also known as the "Seattle

Sound. ......

"Nirvana" (Nirvana)

Ten, alternative rock

......

The Alternative Rock we're talking about here mainly refers to the various types of post-punk rock that appeared after New Wave music began to fade from 1983 to 1984, a trend that lasted until 1995, when Alternative Rock became the mainstream of rock music.

1. American Alternative Rock

2. British Alternative Rock

3. Other Alternative Rock

After the 1990s, female rockers began to attract attention. Some of these non-British singers and bands, such as Sinead O'Connor, Bj?rk, and Sour Strawberries, also achieved great success in the European and American music scene

......

Soul music

Overview

What is Soul music? Some famous Soul musicians recognize it this way ......

3 History of the Development of Western Music and Its Representatives- II. Gospel Song

At the end of the 19th century, along with the rise of the Pentecostal Church (one of the Christian denominations, mainly composed of the lower class of the society), the gospel song (Gospel) was also born. It emerged at about the same time as ragtime and jazz, with the difference that it came from the black church liturgy and was an integral part of the liturgy, but was also spread through concerts, radio and records.

......

Three Sol Singers

Since 1948, under the impetus of Atlantic Records (Atlantic), a lot of Sol songs and singers gradually appeared, and by the end of the 1960s, Sol had become an important variety of popular music ......

Aretha Franklin

James Brown

Four, Motown

Five, Other Sol Music

Sol music continued to develop in the 1970s, and it, like the whole of popular music in the 1970s, presented a complex and diverse situation. In addition to the singers and groups already mentioned, as well as Myke Jackson, who will be mentioned later, there was also the "psychedelic soul" of quot;Sly and the Stonesquot; the "earth, wind and fire" continued in the Motown style, but became more complex, as well as the gradual emergence of the "blue-eyed soul" in the United Kingdom.

......

World music

World music is sometimes called Ethno pop. Broadly speaking, world music can be generalized to refer to all ethnic music in the world. However, the world music we are going to introduce here mainly refers to a new form of music since the end of the Second World War, with American pop music as the main body, and at the same time fused with elements of folk music from all over the world.

Since the end of World War II, American popular music has dominated the world. Blues, jazz, rock and roll, solo music and many more forms filled every corner of the globe, making a huge impact on the pop music scene in various countries. In fact, all of these "American" forms are actually genetic transfers of African ancestry, beats that were passed down to North America during the slave trade era. When these rhythms were slightly processed and returned to their homeland in new forms, they influenced the cultures that had nurtured them and gave birth to the exciting hybrid variety of world music, which had a great impact on the development of Western popular music in the 1980s. Interestingly, this influence was a cyclical one: it was evident that black culture in Africa was the source of popular music, which grew rapidly, but when this American form of popular music returned to Africa, it led to the birth of world music. contemporary consciousness, and thus returned to contribute to the development of popular music. Therefore, we can clearly see that world music does not exist in isolation, it is a mixture of popular music, folk music and even traditional music.

I. Reggae

1. Overview

Reggae (also translated as "reggae" in Hong Kong and Taiwan) originated in Jamaica in the mid-1960s, with a medium tempo and an emphasis on backbeats and accents as its distinctive feature.

......

2. Bob Marley (1945-1981)

3. Other reggae bands

In the late 1970s, when reggae found a wide market in Europe and the United States, many musicians began to follow suit. Among them, the British "UB40" band and the "police quot; band is the most well-known.

......

Two, Latin music

The so-called Latin music (Latin music) in this section refers to the popular music of the Latin American region between the Rio Grande River, which is the border between the United States and Mexico, and Cape Horn, which is the southernmost point.

Latin America is a multi-ethnic mix, and as such Latin music is a diverse blend of many kinds of music. Whether it is the white music of Europe, the black music of Africa or the Indian music of the Americas, or even the Asian music of the East, all of them have made different contributions to Latin music. They have been precipitated over a long period of time, on the basis of European culture as the main body, and at the same time, they have absorbed a great deal of the various factors of Indian culture and black African culture, and gradually formed a colorful, energetic and dynamic Latin culture. So, the beaks in Latin America? What is the reason for this? The Latin American culture is a combination of the following What are the differences between the Latin American culture and the Latin American culture? ∫What are the reasons for this? The pro-neighborhood banter fine linen to eat the value of the coverlet that proud small?

1, the origin and development of Latin music

(1) Indian culture

(2) European (Iberian) culture

(3) black African culture

2, Latin rhythm

From the origin of Latin music, we can obviously see that Latin music is a kind of popular music centered on rhythm. Its rhythms have more than simple laws of strength and weakness, but as the soul of a kind of music makes it rise to a dominant position. Therefore, in the process of understanding Latin music, the first thing you need to understand is its rhythm. The following highlights several representative Latin rhythms and styles.

4 History of the development of Western music and its representatives- (1) Samba (Samba)

(2) Rumba (Rumba; Ruhmba)

(3) Mambo (Mambo)

(4) Salsa (Salsa)

(5) Cha Cha (Cha Cha)

(6) Tango (Tango)

The six styles introduced above, together with bossa nova, which has been introduced in jazz, have caused a Latin frenzy around the world as representatives of Latin music, but in addition to these seven popular categories, there are also the following styles which are all highly individualized Latin music, such as Bolero, Guaracha, Habanera, Habanera and Habanera. ), Habanera, Son, Guajira, and Danzon. These styles are all from Cuba, plus the mambo and rumba, so Cuba is known as the "treasure trove of Latin rhythms". Here are a few Latin-style band patterns for reference (Example 44).

3, Santana (Santana)

In the 60s and 70s, there is a musician who has made a great contribution to the spread and development of Latin music, he is Carlos Santana (Carlos Santana).

......

Three, the new era of music

1, Overview

In the 1980s, when popular music presented a complex and diverse situation: jazz of various genres returned to the stage; rock and roll a variety of styles rich and colorful; Saul's music is more than breaking through the various lines of defense continue to spread. At this time, a kind of quiet, gentle mood music - the new era (New Age, also translated as "new century") music.

......

2. "Enigma"

"Enigma" (also known as "Enigma") is an American hymn expressed through the rhythms of Western pop music. Here you can feel the distant and mysterious African tribes, and the sacred and solemn religious echoes. Many people only hear the mysterious sound, but rarely know the story behind "Enigma". So what exactly is it?

......

3. Other New Age Music

......

Enya

Kitaro

Yani

Other popular music

I. Wave of Dance Music

1, Disco

2, House

3, Pop

3. Dance Pop)

2. Rap and Hippie Pop

1. Rap

The word "Rap" (sometimes translated as "Rip" or "Lap") was originally meant to be the equivalent of black slang for talking (talking) or chatting (chatting). As a form of popular music, it originated in the poor black neighborhoods of New York in the late 1970s and is characterized by the rapid recitation of a series of rhyming words against a backdrop of mechanical rhythmic sounds. ......

2. Hip-Hop

Hip-Hop, a street culture that emerged in New York City in the late 1970s, encompasses a variety of cultural forms that are active on the streets, including rap, DJs' "Scratching" (Scratching), and "Break Dancing" (Break Dance).

......

Three pop stars

The singers and bands we're going to introduce in this section are all big international names in today's pop scene, and it's not always appropriate to put each one in the right section. For example, Eric Clapton's blues pedigree and great success in pop music; Elton John's multifaceted style, the "new wave" of "U2", the electronic flavor and the fusion of various elements; Michael Jackson, Mariah Carey, Whitney Houston's roots of the Saul in the pop music show, and so on. All of it speaks to just one thing; pop music has always evolved and will continue to do so.

Eric Clapton

Elton John

Michael Jackson

Michael Bolton

The band "U2"

Babra Streisand

Whitney Houston

Madonna

Celine Dion

Mariah Carey

-... --------- Classical Music --------:

I. Early Period (1000-1600)

II. Baroque period (1600-1750)

Vivaldi (1678-1757) Italy

Handel (1685-1759) Germany/England

Bach (1685-1750) Germany

III. Classical Period (1750-1830)

Bach (1714-1788) Germany

Haydn (1732-1809) Austria

Mozart (1756-1791) Austria

Beethoven (1770-1827) Austria

Rossini (1792-1759) Germany/England

Rossini (1792-1759) Germany

Rossini (1792-1759) Germany/England

Rossini (1792-1868) Italy

Schubert (1797-1828) Austria

IV. Early/Mid Romantics (1830-1850)

Glinka (1804-1857) Russia

Berlioz (1803-1869) France

Mendelssohn (1809-1847) Germany

Chopin (1810-1849) Poland

Schumann (1810-1856) Germany

Liszt (1811-1886) Hungary

Offenbach (1819-1880) Germany/France

V. Late Romanticism (1850-1930)

Wildie (1813-1901) Italy

Smetana (1824-1884) Czech Republic

John Strauss Jr. Strauss (1825-1899) Austria

Brahms (1833-1897) Germany

Borodin (1833-1887) Russia

Mussorgsky (1839-1881) Russia

Rimsky-Korsakov (1844-1908) Russia

Rimsky-Korsakov (1844-1908) Russia

Russia

Russia

Smithana (1824-1884) Czech Republic

Johan Strauss Jr. 1908) Russia

Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) Russia

Grieg (1843-1907) Norway

Elgar (1857-1934) England

Puccini (1858-1924) Italy

Muller (1860-1911) Germany

Debussy (1862-1918) France

Richard Strauss (1864-1949) Germany

Sibelius (1865-1957) Finland

Rachmaninov (1873-1943) Russia

Ravel (1875-1937) France

Stravinsky (1882-1971) Russia/France

Prokofiev (1891-1953) Russia

Gershwin (1897-1937) USA

Koplan (1900-1990) USA

Shostakovich (1906-1975) Russia