Stories about ancient etiquette in China.

1 China Ancient Etiquette Story-Biography 5

China Ancient Etiquette Story: Among the famous "Twenty-four Filial Pieties" in ancient China, there is a story of "Filial Piety Spreading Five". The story goes like this: In the Song Dynasty, there was a man named Chen in Yongjia County, Rui 'an, Zhejiang Province, who was famous for his filial piety. He serves his parents, is docile and filial, and never lets them worry. My parents are ill, so I can't take off my clothes. I stay by the bed day and night and cook soup and take medicine by myself. After the death of his parents, Chen Kan was heartbroken, and truly achieved the training of "try your best and think about it after death". His filial piety is regarded as an example by the whole family. Therefore, future generations should follow suit, respect the old and love the young, unite as brothers, live in harmony with husband and wife, and be close as brothers and sisters. Since then, the Chen family has lived under one roof for five generations, which has become a much-told story. In Song Dynasty, Huang Shufang held up a sign and wrote "Chen Jun, a dutiful son", while the people called him "Chen Xiaomen". Later generations write poems in praise: the filial piety is praised by the world and respected by future generations; The five people who live together are respected by the world and moved by Chen Feng's praise.

This old story tells us that filial piety needs to set an example. If you want your children to be filial to you, you must first start from yourself, honor your elders and set an example. In this way, not only the family is harmonious, but also the fine tradition of respecting the elderly and loving the young of the Chinese nation can be passed down.

2 Kong Rong Jean Pear

Kong Rong (153—208), a native of Lu (now Qufu, Shandong), was a famous writer in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and one of the seven sons of Jian 'an. His literary creation was highly praised by Wei Wendi Cao Pi. According to historical records, Kong Rong was not only very clever when he was young, but also a typical example of paying attention to brotherhood, mutual help and friendship.

When Kong Rong was four years old, he often ate pears with his brother. Every time, Kong Rong always takes the smallest pear. Once, my father saw it and asked, "Why do you always take the small one instead of the big one?" Kong Rong said, "I am the younger brother, and I am the youngest. I should eat the small one and let the big one be eaten by my brother! "

At an early age, Kong Rong learned the truth of mutual courtesy, mutual help, unity and friendship between brothers and sisters, which surprised the whole family. Since then, Kong Rong has spread the story of pears for thousands of years, becoming a model of unity and friendship.

Send goose feathers three thousand miles away

The story of "sending goose feathers a thousand miles away" took place in the Tang Dynasty. At that time, a minority leader in Yunnan sent a special envoy to Mian Bogao to offer a swan to Emperor Taizong.

When passing by Mianyang, kind Mian Bogao released the swan from its cage and wanted to give it a bath. Unexpectedly, the swan soared into the sky. Mian Bogao was busy reaching for it, only pulling out a few goose feathers. Mian Bogao was so anxious that he stamped his feet and beat his chest, crying bitterly. His entourage advised him, "It's no use crying because it has already flown away. Let's think of a remedy. " Mian Bogao thought, also can only be so.

In Chang 'an, Mian Bogao met with Emperor Taizong and presented a gift. Emperor Taizong saw that it was a delicate satin bag and opened it. At first glance, it is just a few goose feathers and a poem. The poem says: "Swan pays tribute to Tang Dynasty, the mountain is high and the road is far. Mianyang River lost its treasure and fell on the ground crying. After the Emperor of Heaven, Mian Bogao was spared. The ceremony is light and affectionate, and the goose feathers are sent thousands of miles. " Emperor Taizong was puzzled, and Mian Bogao immediately told the story. Emperor Taizong repeatedly said, "What a treat! It's commendable! Send goose feathers a thousand miles away, and the ceremony is light and affectionate! "

This story embodies the precious virtue of the giver's honesty. Today, people use "a thousand miles to send goose feathers" to describe the gift as thin, but the affection is extremely deep.

4 chengmen Sydney

The story of "Snow at the Gate" comes from "Biography of Shi Yang in Song Dynasty": "I met Cheng Yi in Luo, when I was forty years old. One day I saw H, and I sat with Youzuo. By the time I felt it, the snow outside the door was already a foot deep. "

"Pear in Cheng Menxue" is about Shi Yang and You Zuo, scholars of the Song Dynasty, asking Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi for advice. Shi Yang and You Zuo studied under Cheng Hao. After Cheng Hao's death, both of them were forty years old and had been admitted to Jinshi. However, they will go to Cheng Yi to continue their studies. The story happened on the day when they first visited Cheng Yi in Songyang Academy.

According to legend, one day, Shi Yang and You Zuo came to Songyang Academy to visit Cheng Yi, and they happened to meet Mr. Cheng, who was taking a nap with his eyes closed. At this time, it began to snow outside. Eager to be a teacher, the two men stood aside respectfully and said nothing. After waiting for a long time, Cheng Yi slowly opened his eyes and saw You Zuo standing in front of him. He was startled and said, "Ah, ah! Are they still there? " At this time, the snow outside has accumulated more than a foot thick, and He Youzuo doesn't look tired and impatient.

This story, called "Cheng Menxue Pear", was widely circulated among scholars in the Song Dynasty. Later, people often used this idiom to express that scholars should respect their teachers and study sincerely and firmly.

Ti Ying saved his father.

During the reign of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, there was a man named Chunyu Kun, who learned superb medical skills under Qing Yang, a famous doctor in Qi State, and once worked as a warehouse keeper in Qi State. After his teacher died, he gave up his official position to practice medicine. Because of honest and frank's personality, he offended a terrible person when he was practicing medicine, which led him to be framed and taken to Beijing for punishment. His daughter named Ti Ying, though a weak woman, went to Chang 'an with her father to complain to the emperor. She stated the harm of corporal punishment, and explained her father's honesty and love for the people when he was an official, and his kindness to the world when he practiced medicine. Now that he has really been framed, she is willing to be punished for his father. Deeply moved by Ti Ying's filial piety, Wendi pardoned her father and issued an imperial edict to abolish corporal punishment.

This story is one of the "Twenty-four Filial Pieties" in ancient China. In order to praise Ti Ying's poems, people say:

I went to Beijing with my father through hardships, and I am eager to write a letter. Imperial Amnesty became filial piety, and corporal punishment was abolished for the benefit of future generations.

6 Multi-party research

Having lost his father and his mother when he was young, young Confucius had to make a living entirely on his own. Confucius understood that a prominent ancestor, his father's meritorious military service and his mother's birth from a famous family in Qufu can certainly lay a certain foundation for himself to enter the society. However, we must rely on our own efforts to gain a foothold and further develop in the capital of Lu. Thanks to his mother's painstaking education, Confucius learned a lot about being a man, especially the importance of learning to a person's life. "Five tenths, I am determined to learn." At an early age, Confucius made a great wish to change his life by studying hard.

Regarding knowledge, Confucius' attitude is "knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, and knowing is knowing". Understanding is understanding, and not understanding is not understanding. This is a sign of a person's sincere knowledge. Confucius said this and did the same. There is a Duke of Zhou Temple in Lu. When Confucius first entered the ancestral hall, he became interested in everything in the ancestral hall and always asked others questions, as if there were endless questions. Some people don't understand Confucius' strong thirst for knowledge, so they say Confucius' gossip: "Who said that Dr. Qiaoyi's son knows etiquette?" When you enter the ancestral temple, you have to ask others everything. "Confucius was not annoyed at all when he heard about it. He said, "This is the right thing to do. "

For people living in Confucius' era, if they want to participate in aristocratic politics and gain a certain position, they must learn the "six arts" of etiquette, music, archery, writing, calligraphy and counting, be familiar with and be able to follow the popular etiquette at that time, know music, master archery skills, drive a carriage, write and calculate, which can be said to be the six basic skills at that time. Confucius is very good at self-study and consulting others. He should master these six basic skills comprehensively. There are some historical materials that can further illustrate Confucius' diligence and erudition.

There is a small country in the southeast of Shandong, which is a vassal state of Shandong. As a rule, it is necessary to visit lujun regularly. In the seventeenth year of Emperor Lu Zhao (525 BC), Confucius was 27 years old, and Tan Zi, the prefect of Yongzhou, came to see Lu Jun again. At the banquet, a doctor in Lu asked Tan Zi why he took the bird as the official name, and Tan Zi gave a detailed answer. After hearing this, Confucius immediately went to Zanzi to inquire about the official system in the Shao Hao era. Afterwards, he said to others, "I heard that there is no official in charge of this kind of thing in Tian Zi, but this knowledge has been completely preserved among barbarians in all directions. Now I believe this is true. "

One of the great events in Confucius' life-long schooling experience is that he made a special trip to Luoyi (now Luoyang, Henan Province), the capital of the Zhou Emperor at that time, to study the Rites of Zhou, consult some ancient documents, and especially ask Lao Zi, a great scholar. Lao Zi, surnamed Li Mingyong, was addressed as Lao Dan and Lao Zi. Laozi is a post-column history of the Zhou Dynasty, and he is familiar with etiquette allusions. It is Confucius' dream to ask Laozi for advice. Qufu and Luoyi are thousands of miles apart, so it is undoubtedly very hard, laborious and even dangerous to complete such a journey under the very backward traffic conditions at that time. In addition, Confucius himself is relatively poor, and it is almost impossible without the support and funding of Lu nobles. Fortunately, the son of Meng Nuo, a noble in Lu, was Confucius' teacher at that time. Under his mediation, Confucius got a car, two horses and a boy servant from Lu Jun, and Nangong Shu Jing volunteered to accompany him, so that Confucius could make it. According to records, Confucius' trip to Luoyi was fruitful. He asked Lao Tzu a lot of questions, such as what to do if there is an eclipse in the funeral, whether the child should be buried far away or near when he dies, whether the country should avoid war when there is a funeral, whether it should take the memorial tablet of the dead king when fighting the enemy, and so on. I answered all these questions one by one, which made Confucius gain a lot of knowledge. When Confucius bid farewell to Laozi and was ready to leave for home, Laozi repeatedly reminded Confucius of some things that should be paid attention to in combination with his rich experience.

This meeting with Laozi probably left a deep impression on Confucius, which he could not forget for a long time. When he returned to Shandong, it was difficult for him to calm his excitement. When Confucius met his disciples, he kept praising Laozi and said, "Bird, I know it can fly, but people often shoot it down. Fish, I know it can swim, but swimmers are often caught. Beast, I know it can walk, but it often falls into the net. There is only one thing that we can't control. Come from the clouds if you like, go in the wind if you like, and go to heaven if you love heaven. This is the legendary dragon. I can't figure it out. Laozi is like a dragon. " This experience is the story of "Confucius asked Lao Dan" widely circulated in later generations. Historians attach great importance to the meeting between Confucius and Laozi. They believe that "Laozi and Confucius are both outstanding figures in the cultural history of China, and their meeting is a meaningful page in the splendid ancient cultural history."