What is the difference between north and south architectural styles?

The villa projects that appeared in China in modern times, before the Republic of China, were mostly based on traditional residential houses. Judging from the residential houses that have been preserved, most of the houses in which the rich live are fine examples of traditional Chinese culture on the one hand, and strong regional characteristics on the other. However, before and after the Opium War, i.e. after many places became colonies, the implantation of original European and American villa architecture brought by the colonial culture once changed the type of Chinese villas and gradually became the mainstream of the form of rich people's residence. Traditional houses were gradually eliminated, and most of those that remained were cultural relics, and very few dignitaries liked the traditional sense of houses anymore.

From the architectural culture, the decline of China's traditional homes does not mean that China's architectural culture lags behind that of foreign countries, but is a reflection of the level of economic development. The so-called strong economy will inevitably bring strong cultural penetration, in the existing economic conditions, many people feel copied over the villa, may not be truly suitable for their own mode of living, but it can bring a sense of fulfillment, a sense of achievement and a sense of expression of wealth. As a result, Western-style, Eastern-style villa buildings, in a long period of time become synonymous with China's villas, this phenomenon has continued until the end of the 20th century. In fact, the style of the villa itself is not a particularly big problem, it is only an external expression, but it brings a huge problem is that this kind of imported architectural style is really suitable for the regional characteristics of our country? Is it so adaptable to the climate, to the environment and to the sunshine? For example, the Spanish style villa is derived from the Mediterranean Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea is a typical oceanic climate, all seasons are relatively humid, but in China, from Guangdong to Harbin may be the existence of such villas. Another example is that the same Scandinavian architecture, which was originally adapted to cold regions, may be found in Shanghai, China. So, this leads to a question worth discussing, that is, how should the individualized characteristics of villas in the south and north be reflected?

The first of several factors that affect the quality or image of villa living is technology. This technology is only related to the history and economy, and has nothing to do with the region, even if the level of technology is high, but also which region can be used, and has nothing to do with the South and North.

The second is interior space. This is related to people's living habits, lifestyle, this aspect of the requirements will not be reflected in the gap between the north and south. Halls, rooms, bedrooms, bathrooms, kitchens, etc., there should be what kind of proportionality on what the spatial relationship with the region has nothing to do with the South, not the South like a small hall, the North like the hall.

The third is the semi-outdoor space. Usually refers to the space with a roof but no walls, including canopies, open porches, cloisters, open halls. Semi-outdoor space can then reflect the difference between the north and the south. In the northern region, due to the cold climate, so the villa's semi-outdoor space is very little; while the south can highlight the advantages of its semi-outdoor space, such as can make a variety of different spatial experience of the semi-outdoor space, and often this semi-outdoor space can become a villa a highlight, selling point.

The fourth is pure outdoor space. Including two parts, one is attached to the main body of the building on the outdoor space, including common terrace, balcony; the other part is the outdoor courtyard. Terrace, balcony for the north and south, have their own advantages and disadvantages, it should be said that equal, the north winter is not good, the south summer is not good; and outdoor courtyard part, from the common sense, the south of the four seasons is like a picture, flowers and green trees, and the north of the four seasons plus the lack of water resources in the north, resulting in the south and the north of the region in the natural environment of the imbalance, so, in the ordinary sense, the north of the courtyard is not as good as the south of the courtyard. Southern courtyard. Because, the north was not a lack of trees, shrubs, etc., and because now more than barren land, it is difficult to form in a short period of time; and the south, the original environment is good, coupled with sufficient water, so in a short period of time can be done to the greening of the community, even if it is a new community, through transplantation, can be completed in a relatively short period of time in the community's overall landscaping.

The main manifestation of the difference between the north and south of the villa First of all, the villa in the north emphasizes the sunshine, while the villa in the south emphasizes more ventilation. Although these two words seem to be broad, but it affects the building's physical design, door and window design and courtyard design. The utilization of sunlight and the improvement of ventilation will affect the design of a series of floor plans, sections and three-dimensional drawings. The north emphasizes sunlight precisely because it is its strength. In contrast to the south, take two places for example, one is the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, where there is a rainy season every year, which is very humid and not very comfortable to live in; the other is Guangdong, where the sunlight is too strong again. Therefore, the sunlight in the north, from the point of view of life, can provide a higher degree of comfort, and at the same time, can shape a building's shadow, contour, that is, as often said in architecture, "sunlight is the real portrayal of architectural characteristics of the handle"; the south emphasizes the ventilation, which is mainly solved by a large number of semi-outdoor space.

Secondly, the shape of the northern building and fa?ade design, emphasizing the heavy, simple, including the use of materials, as much as possible, to choose some of the brick, stone-based materials; while the South emphasizes the freshness of the permeable, so the fa?ade is mostly light-colored, the choice of materials used in the paint, wood, wood-like structure, steel structure, and so on.

Once again, in terms of green vegetation, the northern courtyard design can emphasize its four seasons of change, which is the south can not do, because the north has a lot of distinctive seasonal characteristics of the plants, such as trees, shrubs, etc., throughout the year, red, green, yellow, color changes are very rich; while the south, more emphasis on water features, such as lakes, streams, rivers, and even point-like ponds! At the same time, in terms of greening, more flowers to reflect the characteristics of its green vegetation.

Finally, in the architectural details, the north can emphasize the basement while emphasizing the attic. The attic can utilize more space according to various shapes, and at the same time, the basement is also beneficial because of the drier climate in the north; while the south is at a slight disadvantage in these two aspects. Because, the attic in the South is quite heavily sunburned in the summer, the use of itself is secondary to its primary role, which is to provide insulation for that space below the attic. So, while the attic is needed, it is not primarily for use, but for insulation. Also, it has fewer basements, the reason being that the climate is more humid and the cost of damp-proofing basements is very high. So, if the southern villas have a slight upper hand in terms of green vegetation, the northern villas deserve a slight upper hand as far as architectural details are concerned.

Southern wind and rain, the top of the room, the north cold, flat roof, house short