The Influence of Ancient Architecture on Modern Architecture in China (400-500 words)

Hello, Bian Feng. China ancient architectural art has three basic characteristics:

The unity of aesthetic value and political and ethical value. Buildings with high artistic value also play a role in maintaining and strengthening social, political and ethical systems and ideology.

② Rooted in profound traditional culture, it shows a distinct humanistic spirit. All the elements of architectural art, such as scale, rhythm, composition, form, characters and style, are based on the aesthetic psychology of contemporary people and can be appreciated and understood by people, without ups and downs and strange and inexplicable images.

③ Overall and comprehensive. Almost all the outstanding architectural works in ancient times mobilized all the factors and techniques that might constitute architectural art at that time, forming a whole image. From the overall environment to the single house, from the external sequence to the internal space, from the color decoration to the affiliated art, every part is not dispensable. If one of them is removed, the overall effect will be damaged.

These basic features are as follows:

Attach importance to the overall management of the environment

Since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, China has had the concept of overall management of the built environment. Although all the planning systems in "Zhou Li" about wilderness, metropolis, customs, townships, cities, mountains and temples may not have been realized, it at least shows that there was a large-scale regional planning idea of systematic planning at that time. The riding pipe advocates that "every country is the capital, not at the foot of the mountain, but above Guang Chuan", which shows that environmental relations must be considered in urban site selection. China's theory of geomantic omen originated very early. Apart from wearing the cloak of superstition, it mostly emphasized the relationship between environment and architecture. Ancient cities paid attention to the unified management of urban ontology and surrounding environment. Xianyang, Qin is a super-scale urban environment, starting from Sakan in the north, running through the Weihe River in the middle and reaching Nanshan in the south. At the peak, it is 200-300 miles from east to west. Famous capitals such as Chang 'an (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi), Luoyang (Northern Wei Dynasty), Jiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) and Beijing (Ming and Qing Dynasties) have their business scope far beyond the city walls. Even ordinary governments, states and counties integrate suburbs into the overall urban environment. Important scenic spots, such as five towns in wuyue, Buddhism and Taoism, suburban gardens, etc. , are also released.

The first is environmental management; Mausoleum area pays more attention to geomantic geography. Most of the buildings in these places rely on the environment to show their artistic charm.

Monomer images are integrated into group sequences.

In ancient China, the form of single buildings was relatively simple, and most of them were stereotyped. Isolated single buildings do not constitute a complete artistic image, and the artistic effect of buildings mainly depends on the group sequence. A temple, as a foil in the sequence, will not be too big, and its image may be relatively dull, but if it is the main body, it may be very tall. For example, there are not many single building styles in the Forbidden City in Beijing in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, but through the transformation of different spatial sequences, each single building shows its own independent personality as a whole.

Structural technology and artistic image are unified. The wood structure system of ancient buildings in China has strong adaptability. This system consists of four columns, two beams and two beams, which form a basic framework called a compartment. Compartments can be connected left and right, front and back, overlapped up and down, combined at will, or modified into octagon, hexagon, circle, fan or other shapes. There are two kinds of roof frames: lifting beam type and bucket type. In either case, the roof can be made into an arc shape without changing the frame system, and the cornices can be made up at the corners of the house, and the styles such as double eaves, hooks, interspersed and hanging can also be made. The artistic modeling of single building mainly depends on the flexible collocation of rooms and multi-style arc roofs. In addition, the components of the wood structure are convenient for carving and painting, so as to enhance the artistic expression of the building. Therefore, the modeling beauty of ancient buildings in China is also manifested as structural beauty to a great extent.

The above six points are the influence of ancient architecture in China on modern architecture.