How to format English abstracts and English references in typesetting

1., two spaces at the beginning of each paragraph and no space between paragraphs;

2. no space at the beginning of each paragraph and a blank line between paragraphs.

Another format is to write the beginning of each paragraph in a fixed frame, but an empty line between paragraphs. That's why some of them have a few spaces at the beginning, while others do not.

English thesis format

Thesis, literature review is a paper in which the author comments on the historical background, previous work, the focus of the debate, the current state of research and prospects for development of a particular issue. Requirements for a comprehensive analysis of the literature, generalization and organization, so that the material is more concise and clear, more logical level; and the synthesis of the literature after the organization of a more specialized, comprehensive, in-depth, systematic discussion.

A clear and definite thesis, literature is not only conducive to the author to better express their own views and comprehensive analysis, more convenient for the majority of readers in the reading process to better grasp the author's ideas, thesis, literature has a clear and definite position in the thinking, therefore, the thesis, the unified requirements of the format of the literature has an indispensable significance.

The formal English academic article format is set as follows:

1, the font for Times New Roma, size 12 font (that is, small four);

2, line spacing 1.5 or 2 times the line spacing, paragraphs and paragraphs need to be empty between a line;

3, aligned for the left or both sides of the alignment (in short, the left must be top);

3, alignment for the left or the two side (in any case, left must be top);

3, alignment for the left or both side (in any case, left must be top)

4. References must be on a separate page and are not counted as part of the article's word count