Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional festivals - Tunnel construction methods are divided into several categories.

Tunnel construction methods are divided into several categories.

According to the different conditions of tunnel crossing stratum and the development of tunnel construction methods at present, tunnel construction methods can be divided into the following categories:

1. Mountain tunnel: mining method (drilling and blasting method) and tunneling machine method (TBM), in which mining method is divided into traditional mining method and NATM.

2. Shallow soft soil tunnel: cut and cover, cover excavation method, shallow underground excavation method and shield method.

3. Underwater tunnel: submerged method and shield method.

Traditional mining methods for tunnel construction

It is a construction method of drilling and blasting excavation and steel-wood member support.

Tunnel boring machine method

It is a tunnel boring machine equipped with a rock crushing cutter, which excavates the tunnel by mechanically crushing the rock and conveys the broken ballast out of the machine. It can be used for continuous tunnels.

Shielding method (shielding method)

It is a kind of steel movable protective device or movable support, and it is a kind of machinery for building tunnels through weak aquifers, especially river bottom, seabed and urban center. Under its cover, the nose can safely excavate the stratum, and one excavation is equivalent to the width of a circle of assembled lining. Prefabricated segments or blocks can be assembled at the tail, which can be quickly assembled into a tunnel permanent lining. The gap between the lining and the soil layer can be filled with cement grouting to prevent the continuous deformation of the surrounding strata and the increase of surrounding rock pressure.

ming excavation method

It refers to the construction method of digging the ground, excavating the earthwork from top to bottom to the design elevation, constructing the main structure of the tunnel from bottom to top, and finally backfilling the foundation pit or restoring the ground.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Tunnel Construction