Which works best represent Russian literature?

Yashe Pushkin (1799- 1837) is the founder of modern Russian literary language, the main representative of Russian positive romantic poetry and the founder of realistic literature. His poems, such as Ode to Freedom, To Chaadayev, and To the Prisoner of Siberia, express the thought that contemporary advanced young people pursue freedom and lose their ambitions in the aristocratic revolution. His novels, such as The Captain's Daughter with the theme of the peasant uprising in pugachev and The Postman with the theme of the fate of "nobody", show the democratic thought of sympathizing with the people's fate and the writer's simple and concise writing style. Pushkin's masterpiece is the poetic novel yevgeni onegin. The novel created the first typical "superfluous man" of Russian aristocratic youth, and was recognized as the foundation stone of Russian realistic literature.

Mi You lermontov (1814-1841) was a famous poet and novelist in the 19th century. Most of his poems and novels express the frustration and indignation of advanced intellectuals after the failure of the aristocratic revolution, and shape the rebellious character of protesting against reality. His famous poems include Death of a Poet and Sail. In the novel "Contemporary Heroes", lermontov depicts the "superfluous man" portrait of the aristocratic youth in 1930s.

Niwa Nikolai Gogol (1809- 1852) played a special role in establishing the critical tendency of Russian literature. His satirical comedy "An Imperial Envoy" and novel "Dead Soul" exposed the two enemies of the Russian people-bureaucrats and landlords. Because of the combination of biting satire and humorous satire, Nicola Nikolai Gogol's works have received obvious artistic effect.

V.G. belinsky (1811-1848) was the founder of critical realism literary theory and a literary critic of revolutionary democracy in the first half of the 9th century. He advocated the "natural school" (critical realism school) represented by Nikolai Nikolai Gogol, which made critical realism literature the dominant trend of Russian literature and promoted the closer combination of literature and liberation movement. His important literary criticism articles include A Letter to Nikolai Nikolai Gogol, On Pushkin's Works, A Glance at Russian Literature (1847) and so on.

Fermi Dostoevsky (1821-1881) is a Russian novelist who has an influence on contemporary and later Western European writers. His novel The Poor Man was published in the 1940s, which attracted the attention of literary circles. After 1960s, he published such novels as Being Bullied and Insulted, Crime and Punishment, Idiot and brothers karamazov. His works describe the tragic fate of the urban poor, reveal people's complex and painful feelings under the control of money, and show the writer's ability to understand and describe people's psychological activities. However, his works also exposed his ideological contradiction-sincerely sympathizing with the underprivileged people whose lives are insecure, ardently yearning for a noble and beautiful life, but unable to find the road to the ideal realm, only hoping to seek relief from tolerance and harmony with the help of the power of religious belief.

Lenin Tolstoy (1828- 19 10) is the most famous Russian writer of critical realism. He enriched Russian literature and world literature with his famous works. Tolstoy's major works include War and Peace, Anna karenin and Resurrection. These three novels show the life picture of Russia by describing historical events, family relations and the contradiction between aristocratic landlords and peasants. The writer's works in his later years show the complexity and contradiction of Russian social life after the reform, the hidden resentment of Russian farmers in the early days of bourgeois revolution, and the contradiction of the writer's own world outlook. These works mercilessly exposed the evils of the czar's autocratic system, Russian aristocratic landlords and emerging capitalist forces, and at the same time publicized the idea of not using violence against violence.

Anpa Chekhov (1860- 1904) was a realistic writer with far-reaching influence at the end of/kloc-0 and the beginning of the 20th century. His major creative achievements are short stories and plays. His short stories are concise, vivid and profound, and show the miserable life of working people through short stories (distress, Wanka, etc.). ); Or expose the stupidity and bossiness of loyal slaves under the autocratic police system (chameleon, etc. ); Or laugh at the vulgar habits of ordinary citizens; Or expose the emptiness of knowledge life; Or reflect the darkness of society (the sixth district, the trapped, etc. ), can receive the social effect of seeing the big from the small. Chekhov's plays include Seagull, Uncle Vanya, Three Sisters and cherry orchard. Most of them reflect the unfortunate fate of Russian intellectuals from the 1980s to the eve of the 1905 revolution, as well as their yearning and hazy pursuit of a healthy life. Chekhov's plays are simple, implicit and full of philosophy, which are highly praised by the drama community.

Grandma Gorky (1868- 1936), formerly known as Peter Skov, started her creative activities in the 1990s. His early romantic works expressed the people's spirit of longing for freedom, pursuing truth and fighting for justice. Realistic dramas such as "The Bottom" and "Ordinary People" show the life of the lower class and expose the selfish and conservative habits of ordinary people. The Song of Haiyan, published by 190 1, eulogized the fighting proletariat in the form of fable and symbolism, and predicted the coming of revolutionary storm. Gorky published the novel Mother in 1906, which described the struggle of the working class led by the Party for the first time, shaped the typical image of proletarian revolutionaries and laid the foundation of socialist realistic literature. After the October Revolution, Gorky actively engaged in revolutionary cultural activities and wrote many political essays, features, memoirs and literary papers. His later major works include the novel The Cause of the Aldamonov Family, which reflects the history of three generations of bourgeois families, and the novel The Life of Kerim Samgin, which describes the life and thoughts of bourgeois intellectuals in the 40 years before the revolution. Gorky's autobiographical trilogy "Childhood", "On Earth" and "My University" was written around the October Revolution, describing the writer's journey from the low point of life to the cultural peak and from seeking truth to revolution, which is one of his excellent works.

Ni A Otlovsky (1904- 1936) was a Red Army soldier and an outstanding worker in the Youth League during the Civil War. He wrote the novel how steel was tempered after being injured, paralyzed and blind. The novel describes the growth process of the first generation of Soviet youth league members, and shapes the image of Pavel Colta King, a typical representative of the same generation of youth league members, who is strong-willed and dedicated to the party and the revolutionary cause. This novel has become a force to inspire progressive youth in many countries.

Ani Tolstoy (1883- 1945) became famous in the Russian period. Because he didn't understand the Soviet regime, he fled abroad after the October Revolution and was encouraged by socialist construction to return to the motherland on 1923. After returning to China, he wrote such works as Defending tsaritsyn and Peter the Great. His masterpiece is the trilogy "The Course of Suffering". The trilogy takes the complicated class struggle from the eve of World War I to the pre-civil war as the background, describes the fate of Russian intellectuals, and describes the arduous course of Russian bourgeois intellectuals on the revolutionary road in their exploration.

Mia sholokhov (1905- 1984) is familiar with the life of the Don Cossack and started his literary career with the story of the Don. From 1928 to 1940, he published a four-volume epic novel "Quiet Don". The novel reflects the historical events from World War I to Civil War, and shows the tortuous path taken by Cossacks in the revolution in turbulent times. This novel has caused a lot of controversy, but it has great influence at home and abroad.

Yaya Fadev (190 1- 1956) is a famous proletarian revolutionary writer in the Soviet Union, who served as the main leader of the All-Soviet Writers Association for many years. His novel Destruction, written in the 1920s, vividly depicts the magnificent picture of guerrilla warfare in the Wusuli Border Region in the far southeast of 19 19, and shapes the glorious image of guerrilla leaders. The novel "Young Guards" published after the war describes the struggle of underground workers who are members of the Klaas Norton Youth League against the German occupiers. The image of the leaders of the Youth League created by the novel is vivid, vivid and full of personality characteristics. The whole work is full of revolutionary idealism passion.