Literature of the Ming and Qing Dynasties

1. Fill in the blanks with knowledge of ancient literature

Full age - swaddling clothes; 2~3 years old - childhood; 7 years old - tufts of hair for girls; 8 years old - milky years for boys; general term for early childhood - total horn; under 10 years old - yellow mouth; 13~15 years old - dancing spoon;

2. age; 15-20 years old - the year of the elephant dance; 12 years old (female) - the year of the golden hairpin; 13 years old (female) - the year of cardamom; 15 years old (female) - the year of maturity; 16 years old (female) - the year of the youngest child --15 years old (female) - the year of maturity; 16 years old (female) - the year of breaking melon, jasper; 20 years old (female) - the year of peach and plum; 24 years old (female) - the year of flower letter; to get married -- At the age of 30 (female) - half-aged; at the age of 20 (male) - a weak crown; at the age of 30 (male) - a mature age; at the age of 40 (male) - a mature age; at the age of 40 (male) - a mature age. -40 years old (male) - not confused years, strong years; 50 years old - more than half a hundred years, know not the year, know the year of life, the year of Ai suit, the year of diffusion; 60 years old - the flower age, the flat head of the first year; the -The year of flower armor, the year of the flat head, the year of the smooth ear, the year of the staff of the countryside; 70 years old - old and thin, the year of the staff of the country, the year of the Zhizi, the year of the government; 80 years old - the year of the staff of the dynasty; 80 ~ 90 years old --90 years old - the age of mackerel; 100 years old - the period of Yi Yi.

Ancient Alias for Years Yang Quan General angle: refers to childhood. It comes from the Book of Songs, such as "Poetry - Wei Feng - Hooligans", "The Banquet of the General Horn", and "Qi Feng - Futian", "The General Horn of Ruoxi".

In the future, childhood will be called "total horn". In the preface to Tao Yuanming's poem "Rongmu", he said, "I have heard of the way, but I have not accomplished anything with my white head."

The term "tufts of hair" refers to childhood. In ancient times, when children were not crowned, their hair would hang down, so "tufts of hair" was used to refer to their childhood.

Pan Yue (潘岳)《藉田赋》："Brown hair and a train, tufts of hair on the head."

Generally, it refers to about 15 years old, when one should learn various skills. In the Da Dai Li Ji (The Records of the Great Dai Rites), it says, "When you have bound your hair and are attending the university, you will learn the great arts and fulfill the great rules."

And maturity: a woman is 15 years old. The language from the "Rituals - Nei Zi" "women ...... ten have five years and maturity".

"Maturity", said the knot hair and with maturity through, said to have reached the age of marriage. To be years: refers to the woman adult to be married, also known as "to be word".

The language from the Houhan Book - Empress Cao record "small to be years in the country". Later called the woman to be married to the years as "to be years".

"Selected Writings - Song Wen Emperor Yuan Empress Lamentation Ceremony Essay": "I have been waiting for the year, and the golden sound has always been vibrant."

The language from the "Rituals - Qu Li on" "twenty said weak, crown". In ancient times, a man was 20 years old when he performed the crown ceremony, indicating that he had reached adulthood.

One of the poems of Zuo Si's "History": "Weak crown to get soft Han, eminent view of the group book." And standing: refers to the age of 30.

The phrase "thirty and standing" is from "Analects of Confucius". Later called thirty years old for "and stand" year.

"Liaozhai Zhiyi - Changqing monk": "Friends or to his township, respect to build, see his people silent and sincere, the year only and stand." Not confused: refers to the age of 40.

The phrase "forty years old and not confused" was used in "Analects of Confucius" (论语-为政). Later on, "Bu Bu Bu" was used as a pronoun for the age of 40.

Ying璩's "Reply to Han Wenxian": "I am just at the age of not being perplexed." Ai: refers to the age of 50.

The phrase "fifty is said to be ai" is from "Li Ji - Qu Li Shang". Older hair is as pale as Ai.

"Republic of China Popular Performances" thirty-seven times: "...... I have been and Ai, and what is not satisfied with the matter?" Flower armor: refers to the age of 60. The names of the heavenly stems and earthly branches are intricately intertwined and named.

Ji Youkong "Tang Poetry Chronicle" Volume 66: "(Zhao Mu) Dazhong Hamtong in the emulation of Li Changji for a short song, said to the wine: 'hand moved sixty flower armor, cycle fall like a bead'." Ancient and rare: refers to 70 years old.

The words from Du Fu's poem "Qujiang": "Wine debt is common everywhere, life is seventy years old."

It is also called "Guxi".

The term "white head" refers to the old age. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty - Lv Qiang biography: "The late lieutenant Duan Ying, martial arts bravery champion, used to the border affairs, hair service military, the work into the white head."

Yellow hair: refers to a long-lived old man. It is a phrase from the Book of Songs, such as "Poetry - Lu Song - Palace" "yellow hair on the back of the stage".

The old man's hair turns from white to yellow. Cao Zhi's "Gift to the White Horse Wang Biao": "The king loves the jade body, and enjoys the period of yellow hair."

Tao Yuanming's "Records of the Peach Blossom Garden": "Yellow hair and hair, and happy." Pneumatophorus japonicus: refers to a long-lived old man.

The word "mackerel" is from the Book of Songs, such as "Poetry" (诗-大雅-行苇), "Huangtai 背", "台" and "鲐" (mackerel) are commonly used. In the book "Erya", "mackerel" means "mackerel," and "mackerel" means "longevity".

The old man has spots on his body like mackerel.

The term "mackerel" is used to describe an old man who is as old as mackerel.

The phrase "a hundred years is said to be a period of time, Yi Yi" is used in the book "Li Ji - Qu Li Shang". It is said that a hundred-year-old man should be supported by his descendants.

Su Zi "rhyme Ziyu three": "everywhere may not be idle Buzhu, the years can be counted since the period of Yi." The ancient name for years of age is also mentioned. The period of the soup cake: the baby was born three times, called "the period of the soup cake".

Liu Yuxi's poem "Send Zhang Wei".

The first time: the child's first birthday.

It is from the Qing Dynasty writer Cheng Yunsheng's "Qionglin, Stories of Early Learning". Later, it also referred to birthdays in general, such as the sixtieth birthday as "sixty first".

The milk teeth: refers to children. The language from the "Han Shi Wai Zhuan" Volume 1: "male August teeth, eight years old and milk teeth .......

The female was born in July, and was seven years old when she replaced her teeth. ......" The year of the teaching number: the child was nine years old. The first time I saw this, it was a very good time for me, and it was a very good time for me.

The year of the dancing spoon: the child is thirteen years old. The first is a new one, and the second is a new one, and the third is a new one.

The year of the broken melon: refers to the sixteen-year-old woman. This is the old literati split the word "melon" into two eights to chronicle the year.

Tongliaozhi - Women : "Song Xie You Lyrics: 'broken melon age small waist body'. According to the custom to break the body of the woman as broken melon, not also.

The word "melon" is broken into two eights, which means that it is twenty-eight sixteen years old." "The year of the broken melon" is also said to be sixty-four years old.

The popular editorial also cloud: "If Lv Yan gave Zhang Po poem: 'success when in the broken melon year', then eighty-eight sixty-four years old". Room of the year, male to female for the room, female to male for home, so "room of the year" is the year of marriage.

The language is from "Rites of Passage".

The year of the staff: the age of fifty.

The year of the staff of the court: eighty years old. The above titles are all derived from the "King's System".

The lower life: sixty years old. The middle life: eighty years old.

The upper life: one hundred years old. The above titles are taken from Zhuangzi.

The first birthday: one hundred and twenty years old. The old and thin double celebration: one hundred and forty years old.

In addition, there are people over 60 years old collectively referred to as "old people", people over 80 years old called "big old". There are also generally referred to as the old man for the "dragon bell", "scribbling years".

"Guangyun": "Longzhong, bamboo, the old man, such as bamboo branches swaying, do not rule forbidden to hold. The scribbler, the road of the flowing water, its upside down and stagnant, such as the people of the encounter , so the cloud."

2. There is no fill-in-the-blank questions about ancient literary knowledge

1, Bai Juyi, word Lotte.

No. ___________. The main advocate of the Middle Tang _______________ Dynasty, one of the three major poets of the Tang Dynasty, he is the heir to the tradition of realism, advocating "__________________, ___________________".

His poems are divided into three categories: satirical poems, sentimental poems, and poems of leisure. His satirical poems, such as " 》" and " 》" y reflect the ills of the current political situation and people's suffering.

The long narrative poems " 》" and " 》" have high artistic achievements. 2.

He created a new style of poetry, which is called __________ because of its strong local color of Chu, and later called this style of poetry "Chushu style" or "Sao style", and he created our ___________ poetry tradition. He started the tradition of poetry in China. Li Sao" and the "Classic of Poetry" in the national wind and called "_________", become synonymous with literature.

Qu Yuan's masterpieces include " " " " and so on. 3, Bao Zhao, a literary scholar, the word .

Baozhao was a lowly bureaucrat and very unpopular, but his poetry and literature were quite famous during his lifetime, and there was no lack of famous poems, fugues, and parallelisms, and the highest achievement was in poetry, the most famous of which were the 18 songs of ?§. Seven-character poems had a remarkable development with him, and were very influential on Tang Dynasty poets.

4. Du Fu, the word , Henan Gongxian, self-proclaimed . Because he was the minister of the Ministry of Public Works, he was also known as .

Du Fu's poems are known as , he was nicknamed by later generations. Li Bai commented on Du Poetry " ".

Du Fu is a famous poet in the history of Chinese poetry. His representative poems are "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells".

Other poems include "The Three Officials" and "The Three Farewells", which refer to the "Three Officials" and "The Three Farewells". His poems are written in various styles, mainly in the form of .

5. Lu You was a native of Shanyin, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). When he was a teenager, he set up the ambition of "hitting wild beard on horseback and drafting military books on horseback".

He was one of the poets in China who wrote the largest number of poems, with more than 9,300 poems in his memory. He consistently insisted on the anti-Golden advocates, is a famous patriotic poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, representative works are "" "" "" and so on.

6, Ruan Ji (阮籍), (朝代), poet, the word , Chenliu Yushi (now belongs to Henan) people. He was the son of Ruan Yu, one of the Seven Sons of Jian'an.

Ruan Ji was a lieutenant of the infantry, known as . Politically, he was careful to avoid trouble with , and other people as friends, often gathered in the bamboo forest under the reckless and hearty, known as .

Ruan Ji is the representative of "", which is the most famous. 7, Tao Yuanming, a poet of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Word , was renamed , Xunyang Chaisang (now southwest of Jiangxi Jiujiang) people. Tao Yuanming is famous in the history of Chinese literature.

He was forced by poverty to work as a state priest, military counselor, county magistrate and other minor officials. During his tenure as an official, he realized the darkness of social reality in the officialdom, and finally abandoned his post from Pengze to return to the field.

After his death, he was awarded the posthumous title of "Jingjie" by his friends and friends, and was known as . 8. Li Bai, the word Taibai, the number, is an outstanding poet.

Li Bai's poetry is rich in imagination, exuberant feelings, strange images, and lively language, and he is good at music and stanzas, and many of his poems have become the greatest songs of all time. Many of his poems have become the greatest songs of all time.

Han Yu praised that "Li Du's article is here, and the flame is ten thousand feet long". 9, Li Qingzhao, a female lyricist of the Northern Song Dynasty, No. ____________.

In the prose poetry and lyrics have achievements, is the Song dynasty ______ word school in the highest achievement. The descendants of the compilation has " ".

Representative works are " " " and so on. 10, Huang Zunxian, a poet at the end of the Qing Dynasty.

Word Gongdu, Guangdong Jiayingzhou (now Meixian) people. He was a poet who advocated the idea of " " to show "what the ancients have not yet seen, not yet opened up the realm", and advocated " ".

The authors are "People's Realm Lodge Poetry Grass", "Japan's country", "Japanese miscellaneous poems", etc. 11, Zhang Ruoxu, the early Tang Dynasty poet.

With He Zhizhang, Zhang Xu, Bao Rong and known as " ". Only two of his poems exist in All Tang Poetry.

One is "Answer to the Dream of the Lady's Dream", with a soft style and average level. One, on the other hand, is "Moonlit Night of Spring River Flowers", which is a famous piece recited through the generations.

12, Meng Haoran Tang Dynasty poet, Xiangzhou Xiangyang (now Xiangfan, Hubei), known as . Meng Haoran was a poet of the Tang Dynasty.

Because he did not enter the civil service, also known as . He is also called " " with Wang Wei.

His masterpieces include "《 》》, "《 》", and so on. 13. Wei Zhuang was a native of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, and a fourth-generation grandson of Wei Yingwu.

His poems widely reflected the turbulent social landscape of the late Tang Dynasty, and his long narrative poem "《 》" is his masterpiece, which is known as "Qinwuyin Xiucai" (秦妇吟秀才). Its lyrics are particularly distinctive, infused with the author's life of wandering, homesickness and nostalgia, the style is fresh and clear, and its called "Wen Wei", is also one of the representatives of the "".

14, Wang Wei, word Mojie, official to the right minister of the Shangshu, so called . With Meng Haoran, he is a representative of the Sheng Tang _____________ Poetry School, and his works are praised by ________ as "poetry with paintings, paintings with poems".

Although he was an official of the imperial court, he used to live in seclusion in Lantian Rim River, living a life of a monk who was also an official and a hermit. In his later years, he did not care about his career, but devoted himself to Buddhism and practiced Zen to realize poetry, so he was called " ".

Representative works are " " ", etc. 15, Su Shi, word , No. , the Northern Song politician, literary scholar, the leader of the Northern Song literary world, poetry, lyrics, prose has a very high achievement.

He advocated the movement. He is the author of "Dong Po Complete Works" and "Dong Po Zhi Lin".

With Han Yu and known as "____________". And created the _______ school of words.

16, Jiang Kui word Yao Zhang, No. , Poyang, Jiangxi Province people, cloth life. Jiang Kui was good at writing words, especially good at music and rhythm, and his words were mostly about the history of travel, but also about the split of the country and the change of the river.

In the Southern Song Dynasty, Jiang Kui, Wu Wenying, became the representative writers of the Sao Ya School of Lyrics. 17, Nalan Seide, Manchu lyricist in the Qing Dynasty, formerly known as Chengde, the word , No. Lengjia Shanren.

Nalan Seide was a famous lyricist in the early Qing Dynasty, known as the three greats of the Qing Dynasty. He was honored as "the first writer of the early Qing Dynasty" in Fong Chow Yi's "Words of Hui Feng".

18, Li He, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, the word Changji, was born in Changgu, Fuchang (present-day Yiyang, Henan Province), later known as . He was only 27 years old at the time of his death, later known as " ".

A representative of the period of transformation of poetic style from the Middle Tang to the Late Tang, he inherited the spirit of Romanticism, and expressed a bizarre and mysterious mood with rich imagination and novel and bizarre language. Li Konghouquan is rich in imagination, magnificent in color, and has a strong artistic influence.

The Qing dynasty Fang Funan compared it with Bai Juyi's " " and Han Yu's " ", and praised it as "the best copy of the sound to the text". 19, Li Yu, the sixth son of the Lord of the Southern Tang Dynasty, is known as .

Due to the change of status, his words in the early and late periods showed different styles. His masterpieces include " " " and so on.

20, Zhou Bangyan, word Meicheng, No. , Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province) people. His works are good narrative and implicit, rich and fine, strict rules.

The loneliness of wandering and emaciated disillusionment is the emotional tone of Zhou Bangyan's words.

21, Gao Shi word Dafu, a word.

3. Give some of the four great masterpieces of general knowledge of literature (fill in the blanks) vice answer

1, Nvwa refining stone to mend the sky when a stone is left, was discarded in the Great Desert Mountain, Wuji Cliffs, under the Green Ridge Peak, and then by the Munchausen, Miaomiao real people to bring into the red dust, through all the clutch of sadness and happiness.

The above episodes are from China's classical literary masterpieces ______________.

2, China's classical masterpiece "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" in the portrayal of a over five passes to cut six generals, thousands of miles to go a single rider's hero image, the hero is _________, the book about the legend of this heroic figure there are many more, please write the name of a story with concise text ____________.

3, "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" in the Shu military master Zhuge Liang is a household name, he knows astronomy and geography, and has become a representative of wisdom. In China's four great masterpieces, there is another work also shaped a resourceful military master, this character is _________, this work is "__________".

4, classical literature masterpiece "Journey to the West" in the Monkey King's most defiant storyline is ___________.

5. "The rolling Yangtze River passes through the east, the waves have exhausted the heroes, right and wrong, success and failure turn the head of the empty ......" This is the opening words of China's classical masterpiece 》.

6. "Drunkenly beating Jiang Men Shen", "fussing with Flying Cloud Pool", "blood splash mandarin ducks building" is the story of a legendary hero in the "Water Margin", the hero is _________.

1, "Dream of Red Mansions" 2, Guan Yu careless loss of Jingzhou 3, Wu with the "Water Margin" 4, the fuss in the Palace of Heaven 5, Romance of the Three Kingdoms 6, Wu Sung

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