How many times have Wushu rules been revised so far? How are they different from those in 2003?

Since 2002, China has implemented the revised Wushu competition rules. One of the important provisions of the new rules is to list the difficult movements made by individual excellent athletes as optional difficult movements in the competition, which are divided into three different difficulty levels: A, B and C, which not only increases the appreciation of Wushu routine competition, but also means the increase of training difficulty.

Shortly after the implementation of the new rules, some interesting problems appeared in Wushu training: Wushu routine athletes are easy to cause injuries in training, and the number of people who play abnormally on the field has increased, and the success rate of difficult movements in competitions is not high. Although the Wushu Sports Management Center of the State Sports General Administration and the Chinese Wushu Association have carried out some reforms on the venue, such as increasing the flexibility of the venue, these problems have not shown a decreasing trend. What are the reasons for this phenomenon and what methods should be used to solve it?

Jin, deputy director of the routine department of Wushu Center, pointed out to the reporter that Li Yingkui, an associate professor of Wushu College of Beijing Sport University, can tell you the answer.

Routine training must be scientific.

In the martial arts hall of Beijing Sport University, Li Yingkui, who was still wearing sportswear after class, first expounded his views when he met the reporter. "The main reason for these problems is that the traditional martial arts teaching and training methods have not changed. The only way to solve the problem is to break the old training concept and conduct scientific research on conventional training. "

He then told reporters, "In the past, martial arts routines were all practiced by words and deeds. For example, it is a very difficult movement to rotate 720 degrees to meet the fork. When training athletes, the coach relies on his own feelings, so the take-off is stable, otherwise it is unstable. Moreover, the whole training course is sometimes completely difficult, and there is no reasonable grasp. From the point of view of sports training, there is no scientific research on how many times to jump in each training class, how much it accounts for in the training class, whether it will cause sports injuries in the long run, to what extent this injury will reach and how to minimize sports injuries. There has been no clear understanding. "

Every action should have a quantitative standard.

Recently, the State Sports General Administration and Wushu Center listed a series of topics for national bidding, and Li Yingkui participated in several topics. The main research content of biomechanical analysis and training methods in class B and C jumps is the standard quantitative analysis of difficult movements of Wushu routines.

For example, the spinner turns 720 degrees to meet the split, asking the athletes to take off, then turn inward quickly and land to meet the split. Li Yingkui studied the whole process of athletes from the start of run-up to take-off, flying, spinning in the air and landing, such as how fast the run-up speed should be, and what posture the head, shoulders, hips and knees should be at the moment of takeoff. The upward force of this height depends on the sudden force of quadriceps or ankle joint, the minimum height of vertical jump and when the crotch should be put away when the body rotates in the air. Which joint is used to cushion the weight of the body when landing quickly, so as to make the landing more stable, the posture more beautiful, and minimize sports injuries, and what kind of comprehensive physical quality can complete these actions; What proportion of such training should be in the whole training cycle, etc. , we must scientifically and quantitatively study and analyze one by one, get data, and form a complete training method and countermeasure.

This is a detailed research process, because each athlete's height, weight and leg length are different, so the data obtained by different athletes with the same difficulty are different. Li Yingkui used biomechanical methods to analyze each movement and applied the research results to teaching. Practice has proved that it is very effective to use quantitative data as reference training to help athletes master difficult movements faster and better and reduce injuries.

Li Yingkui hopes that through scientific training methods, Wushu routine training can reach the same training level as other competitive sports in the shortest time. He also hopes that high-level training methods can reduce sports injuries and advance the time for athletes to achieve results, thus prolonging their sports life.

Scientific research is used in the former competition and in the latter competition.

Li Yingkui's research is not only aimed at outstanding athletes who have won gold medals, but also includes how junior athletes practice difficult movements in the process from intermediate to advanced, and how senior athletes practice to keep improving, so as to fully show the charm of difficult movements and the essence of martial arts routines.

In his view, when any competitive event develops to a certain stage, there will be a key point of difficulty training, and so will martial arts routines. When a difficult movement appears, we should first study what its innovative principle is. If it is conducive to the development of competitive events, it should be popularized. If you violate the sports laws of competitive events, you should give up. Therefore, the difficult movements in Wushu routines should be used after scientific research.

Mohs somersault and Thomas full spin in gymnastics have been used and widely popularized since the date of naming, because scientific research has proved that these movements conform to the laws of gymnastics and are conducive to the development of competitive gymnastics to a higher and stronger goal. This fact proves Li Yingkui's point of view and makes Li Yingkui think deeply.

Quantitative scientific training is conducive to the popularization of Wushu

At the Eighth Congress of the International Wushu Federation held in 2005, Sudan, Syria and Palestine became new members of the International Wushu Federation, and six countries including Jordan, Slovakia and Chile were approved to change from temporary members to full members. So far, the total number of members of the International Wushu Federation has increased from 97 two years ago to 106.

This shows that China Wushu, known as the "Chinese treasure", is being loved by more and more countries and people, and it also indicates that the international competition will become more and more fierce.

So far, the research on the difficult movements of Wushu routines is only carried out in China, and it is more likely that foreign athletes will imitate China athletes in competitions. In this respect, Li Yingkui is not only thinking about how China athletes can make good achievements with the help of scientific training in the increasingly fierce competition, but also thinks that once the difficult movements of Wushu routines are scientifically quantified in training, it will be more conducive to the promotion at home and abroad, and more people will appreciate the elegant demeanor of competitive Wushu in China.

Now, while learning difficult movements, Li Yingkui is teaching his students research and training methods wholeheartedly. He said that these students are all kindling. In the future, they will go to places of interest all over the country and spread the ideas and methods of scientific training to all parts of the country.