What is the academic value and theoretical significance of aesthetic culturology?

Aesthetic culture is a sub-item in the whole social and cultural system. At present, society is facing cultural transformation. If we look at the sub-item of aesthetic culture from the process of cultural transformation, it is only one aspect of the process of transformation. However, when we look at the specific literary creation and acceptance, the current transformation of aesthetic culture can be explained not only by a change, but also by a revolution in a sense, so that when people want to talk about it, they can't simply describe it with the contemporary situation in aesthetic culture, but must call it contemporary aesthetic culture.

When the word "contemporary" is used, its meaning refers to the meaning of the current era and current situation. Then, aesthetic culture must be called "contemporary" to describe its existence. Fundamentally speaking, it does have its own special connotation. If combined with the situation of literature, in the specific process of "creation/dissemination", its particularity is as follows:

1, creative preparation stage

The preparatory stage of a writer's creation is a difficult process. The gestation and conception of one of his writing plans is the preparatory stage of creation; His conscious or unconscious experience of life, his usual reading and making friends, and his usual experience that is not directly related to writing may have an influence on his later creation in one way or another. We call these processes, which may affect specific creation, the preparatory stage of creation.

In the preparatory stage of creation, the creator lives in a "field" interwoven with various discourses, or in other words, Marx believes that the essence of human beings is "in reality, it is the sum of all social relations". People are in a network intertwined with various social relations, so the information they feel comes from these aspects. In this respect, there is no fundamental difference between the past and the present. However, in the past, people's social relations depended more on family kinship, religious ethics and political negotiation rights. But today, new relationships may be at work, for example, in various media propaganda, such as "Everything will come to an end, there will be Toyota cars", "Haier, sincerity will last forever", "Where to go on Sunday, shopping at Qiancun Department Store" and so on. Here, commercial advertisers should establish their own brand awareness. What we see as "eternal sincerity" is a relief for the audience as consumers, but "forever" is an expression of the belief that industrial groups will exist for a long time, so that their sense of reliability is rooted in the minds of the audience, and this consciousness is the weight for commodities to win in commercial wars. Qiancun Department Store is an inter-provincial operation group, which has established marketing points in several metropolises. Its advertising words are expressed in dialogue, as if they were fragments of citizens' home life. As a department store marketing enterprise, its stores pursue grades in decoration, but they are rustic in advertising, which is actually a kind of psychology that people should not only pursue novelty, but also look back on a lost lifestyle (such as the "fair" trading model that is still continuing in rural areas). In this way, people feel that it is classy and warm. Toyota's advertising has long been a household name and has become a classic in advertising words. It should be noted here that advertising language is actually an aspect of business behavior. In today's life, the proliferation of advertisements reflects the growing influence of commercial and economic activities. If the influence of politics, religion and family relations is more reflected in the traditional society, so that writers can express their voices in their creation, then today's writers live in a new discourse space, that is, economic life has been upgraded from maintaining human survival and reproduction to fundamentally rewriting human values. Max scheler called it "subversion of value", not denying the existence of value, but rebuilding a new value order. When we say that the writer is the engineer of the soul, it contains a heavy meaning, that is, the writer is the guardian of the existing value order. When the value order changes, the starting point of the writer's work before creation will be different.

2. The stage of creative activities

In actual creative activities, each writer's specific operation steps can be different, but the writer's writing activities are all "code words" in material form, which is the same. In this regard, we can explain it from several situations.

Today, many writers have replaced paper and pen with computers, which is incomprehensible from the perspective of literary theory to the theoretical level of creative methods, artistic expressions and writing styles, but it would be wrong to turn a blind eye to this and think it is completely irrelevant. At least, in the operation of pen and paper, the author's writing is an act of leaving black and white, and it is a more solemn and lasting "written evidence" than oral way, and the changes made by the author in this process are clearly preserved, although it is the track left by the author's personalized spiritual creation at the physical representation level. When Tolstoy wrote Resurrection, the portrait of the heroine Maslova was changed 20 times, and these manuscripts are still preserved in Tolstoy Memorial Hall. When people watch the master's handwriting in the memorial hall, they can also watch the psychological changes experienced by the master before his death. Today, quite a few authors have turned to computer writing. Faced with this electronic writing tool, the author's revision work is greatly simplified. He can adjust the sentence order at will by pressing the keyboard, and he can also clear his dissatisfied sentences at will. Therefore, in computer writing, most of them just leave a final draft, which is a satisfactory finished product, and the intermediate links in the process are omitted. In this way of writing, the author will realize that the whole process of writing is not towards this final result. For the bitterness in creation, because of the lack of a physical record to strengthen feelings, it may also feel indifferent. Furthermore, the complex sentences in computer writing are electronically highlighted on the screen and can be erased without leaving a trace. Therefore, the so-called final draft, black and white, loses its physical strength and gives people psychological strength, and the strong position of written language relative to spoken language is weakened.

Today's writers can of course write with traditional pen and paper, but when a new writing style appears, its impact effect is a question of how many ingredients remain in the traditional way. Just as after the appearance of written literature, there are still a large number of folk songs and folk stories created by oral literature; Just as after the popularization of printing, many literary works are spread through manuscripts, the influence of written literature and printing on literary development is an obvious fact. Similarly, computerized writing shows similar influence today.

3. Literature communication stage

The stage of literary communication can be carried out at the same time as creation, such as improvisation and temporary poetry. When the author is talking about his works, he is also writing his works at the moment. But more often, literary communication is behind creation, but it may also affect the behavior of creation.

In the history of modern literature in China, Lu Xun's influence on literature and thought is second to none. For Lu Xun's creation, we know more from literature and thought. There is nothing wrong with this, but we can look at Lu Xun's literary creation from some intermediary links, which may be more comprehensive, that is, we can ask some questions, such as what life events Lu Xun's literary contribution and ideological contribution take as an opportunity, what is the interactive relationship between Lu Xun's creation and the operation of his contemporaries, what is the corresponding relationship between Lu Xun's personal life experience and writing focus, and so on. For example, the sharpness of Shu Xun's essays is related to the state of his debate at that time; Lu Xun left a bright color of hope for the younger generation in many novels, which is also related to his teaching career and his admirable role model as a young man ~

There is a contemporary complex in the study of aesthetic culture. Under the influence of this complex, the researcher's purpose is not to create a deeper and more general theory, but to discuss contemporary problems, more often at the phenomenon level in contemporary aesthetic culture, which seems to be narrower than thinking and reconciling aesthetic essence in aesthetic tradition. Of course, this paradigm shift has its disciplinary basis. In the changes of aesthetic culture in the past hundred years, there are indeed many problems that traditional aesthetics cannot see.

As far as the influence of film and television art on society is concerned, as daniel bell said, "Teenagers not only like movies, but also regard movies as a kind of school. They imitate movie stars, tell jokes in movies, pose as actors, and learn subtle etiquette between the two sexes, thus developing the sophistication of showing off. ..... They "follow the lifestyle of the other world around us rather than the cautious parents". ⑿ In this theory, it is obvious to all that the influence of movie stories on teenagers, but what is really worth appreciating is the question of what kind of life path and mode to follow. Before the appearance of film and television media, society educated teenagers in two ways, one was the teaching of books and characters, and the other was the example of parents, teachers and others around teenagers. The effect and influence ratio of these two approaches are different for everyone, and they may be a little strange, that is, learning in books or in class may be different from students' experience in family and society, but in general, the parallelism of these two approaches has become the basic way for society to cultivate future generations. These two methods are still effective in the implementation of the current formal education plan. But as Bell said, the performance of stars in film works is more effective than artistic charm. The film is vivid in expression, and it has an idol role for people to imitate, and its influence may exceed that of teachers and parents around teenagers. The expression of literary works is separated from the audience's life by a layer, and it is a story of "what used to be", while the film works are both audio-visual and displayed in a public media, which has both the authority of book discourse and the exemplary role of teachers and parents. In traditional society, the teaching of these elders may make the younger generation feel uncomfortable, but they will not doubt their authority; Today's children see the person they admire from the film and television works, perhaps the perfect person who does not exist in reality, Superman, so it is too mediocre to look back at the older generation in life. In this way, a new media rewrote the social order.

We further analyze the impact effect after the rise of film and television media. [13] In the culture of books and printing, the author does not appear. He is a viewer, his brushwork is a lens, and the objects in the lens are judged by the author. The object is in the position of "groaning and watching", and this "watching" Hg is judging and dominating. Especially after the romantic movement in the18th century gave the author a very high subjective position, the subjectivity of watching was at the expense of the submissive position of the watched, and the idealization of romanticism was based on the maximum plasticity of the watched. This disrespect for the audience is also reflected in the evaluation of the performing arts. As far as a drama is concerned, the screenwriter is the author of the script, and he enjoys a high reputation for writing the script, while the director is the conductor who connects the script with the stage performance. He is not only the interpreter and deductor of the script connotation, but also the designer of the performance. These two kinds of people don't have to appear in person, but they are respected and not the object of "being seen". On the other hand, the players who come out directly are "actors". They are favored by people because of their good looks, but they are not respected in character.

Note: (1) For Marx's Outline on Poor Bach, see Selected Works of Marx and Engels, Volume I, page 18.

(2) Lu Xun's preface to three idle episodes.

(3) Robert Escal's Sociology of Literature, Shanghai Translation Publishing House, 1988, pp. 62-63.

④ Jameson's Postmodernism and Cultural Theory, Shaanxi Normal University Press, 1986, p. 147.

5] daniel bell's Cultural Contradiction of Capitalism, Joint Publishing Company.