Are there any famous folk arts in Hunan?

Deng Hua's plays [are popular in Yunnan]

Lantern Opera is a folk opera in Hunan. It is developed from folk song and dance lanterns, camellia lanterns, ground flower drums and "tunes". It mainly includes Xiangxi Lantern Festival, Xiangbei Lantern Festival represented by Pingjiang Lantern Festival and Xiangnan Lantern Festival represented by Jiahe Lantern Festival.

There are many records in the local chronicles of Ming and Qing Dynasties about the grand occasion of folk song and dance performances such as lanterns, tea lanterns and floor drums. There are two forms of performance: one is "Ugly, Dancing Singing" with characters' stories, which are called Dihuagu, Mazhu Lantern, Pairing and Pairing Lantern; The second is the collective song and dance with arm steps, which is customarily called "swinging lights" and "jumping lights". After a long evolution, some folk song and dance forms, such as Huagu and Lantern, have absorbed the procedural rules of China traditional opera and gradually developed into Huagu opera. Others retain the singing and dancing features of Lantern Festival, and perform the stories of China traditional operas, which are called "Lantern Festival" and "Lantern Festival". Due to the differences of natural geographical environment and the imbalance of historical, political, economic and cultural development, as well as the differences of dialects, music materials and styles in the spread areas and the influence of neighboring sister arts, various lantern operas have their own characteristics in repertoire theme, aria structure and performance characteristics, and their historical development processes are also different.

Xiangxi Lantern Opera is popular in Xiangxi. Folklore called Mayang lamp, Sangzhi lamp and Baojing lamp. They are all lantern operas which are a combination of Toarey Yang Opera and Nuo Opera. Xiangxi Lantern Festival, formerly known as Lantern Festival, was named after the Lantern Festival. Jishou is called "Yuanxiao", Sangzhi is called "Lantern Festival" and Yongshun is called "Ground Lantern Festival".

After the lantern was formed in the form of song and dance, artists, after years of practice, artistically processed various movements in life and folk martial arts, and created and developed different styles of civil and military lanterns. The lanterns are beautiful and free, and the martial arts lanterns are strong.

Xiangxi Lantern Opera was initially formed, which first appeared in today's Phoenix and Mayang, during the Xianfeng and Tongzhi years of the Qing Dynasty. At that time, Yangxi Opera, Tang Nuo Opera, Chen He Gao Qiang and Changde Hanban all performed in some places in western Hunan, which had a certain influence on the Lantern Festival. Therefore, the Lantern Festival, which is dominated by singing and dancing, has made a new development in its content, that is, adapting folk stories and other operas into Lantern Festival performances, such as Xiang Lian's Breaking in the Door and Visiting Friends with a Mountain Man. The singing of Xiangxi Lantern Opera mostly comes from folk songs and minor. Most of the singing styles of Lantern Festival and Lantern Festival are light tones, and the tunes keep the structural characteristics of folk songs, with different degrees of drama. Due to the continuous expansion of the theme and the increase of the industry, the aria is widely adopted by Bona, and Yang Opera, Nuo Opera, Quyi, Gaoqiang and other operas are integrated and developed in one furnace.

The original name of Pingjiang Lantern Opera is "Lantern Opera", and some other places also call it "Pingjiang Flower Drum Opera", which is the representative of the Lantern Opera in northern Hunan. The characteristics of Lantern Opera in northern Hunan are as follows: First, improvisation. Second, there are still traces of lantern performances. The third is to absorb the saying and doing of rap art, and the fourth is to learn from the performance skills of folk songs and dances. Pingjiang Lantern Opera, popular in Pingjiang County and Liuyang Dongxiang area, is performed in the form of song and dance, called Dihuagu; The performance in the form of drama is called Lantern Festival, which is the Pingjiang Lantern Festival. There are more than 100 Pingjiang Lantern Festival. Most of them are the same as ancient paintings and operas.

Jiahe Lantern Festival, or Southern Hunan Lantern Festival, is popular on both sides of Fuling. Guiyang is called "Dudiao", Chenxian is called "Dihuagu" and Jiahe is called "Lantern". There are more than 0/00 Jiahe Lantern Show/KLOC, among which there are relaxed and lively rural life dramas, such as Watching Flowers and Shooting Birds, and more are full dramas reflecting family life and folk stories, such as Bitter Tea, Hsi Chin, Strike the Iron and Bang Toad.

Lantern opera comes from the folk, with few characters in the script, simple plot, simple lyrics and easy to understand, and its singing absorbs the characteristics of folk songs. It is cheerful and clear, with lively and funny performances and strong singing and dancing flavor. It is most famous for its life comedy, which is full of the fragrance of earth.

In terms of repertoire, several lantern plays also have their own characteristics. There are few traditional plays of Xiangxi Lantern Opera, and the popular ones are picking mushrooms, cauliflower, pulling bamboo shoots, selling goods and flowers by Wang San. There are many plays of Lantern Opera in northern Hunan, mainly from the following aspects: First, the plays created collectively by Lantern artists. Second, some repertoires adapted from traditional repertoires by artists. With the continuous improvement and development of Lantern Opera in southern Hunan, there are more and more repertoires. Artists of past dynasties drew materials from social life and folk stories and created many plays. In addition, Lantern Opera has spread in southern Hunan and even northern Guangdong, and enriched the repertoire of Lantern Opera in the process of communication, absorption and transplantation with other operas. According to incomplete statistics, there are about 130 traditional operas in southern Hunan, including 59 dramas, 33 Chinese operas and more than 40 mini-operas. In addition, there are 40 sub-tune programs.

In terms of music, the tunes of Xiangxi Lantern Opera mainly come from light tone, and a large number of folk songs are used as the vocals in the play. Since the 1960s, with the establishment of professional troupes, the repertoire has been unprecedentedly rich, and the music has also developed from Qupai style to Qupai style, banqiang and compound music system, which has absorbed and enriched percussion music, enhanced musical expressive force and raised the level of drama. The tunes of Lantern Opera in northern Hunan can be divided into two categories: positive and minor, and there is also an ancient scale with only one key. Accompaniment instruments can be divided into literary and martial arts fields, such as Daqin, Hu Tao and war drums. Southern Hunan Lantern Festival music originated from local folk songs, minor and other folk songs. In the process of its formation and development, it absorbed and integrated folk music and foreign tunes. Paper-cut music of southern Hunan Lantern Opera can be divided into two kinds: playing the board and playing the silk string. The percussion music of Xiangnan Lantern Opera originated from the local folk percussion music. With the development of the art of Lantern Opera, some concepts of gongs and drums in Qi Opera have been quoted and changed.

In terms of performing arts, foot color and stage art, these three lantern plays also have their own characteristics. Xiangxi Lantern Opera inherited the "cover" and "circle" of lantern dance, various fan-shaped methods and humorous short pile diagrams in performing arts. In the long-term artistic practice, artists have refined and processed the different dynamics of various birds and beasts, flowers, birds, insects and fish, which are artistically embodied in these "covers" and "circles". After the founding of New China, the Lantern Festival was reborn and developed. Southern Hunan Lantern Opera has collected and arranged traditional plays and music, created a number of new plays, and continuously improved the performance quality. A number of outstanding repertoires, such as Emphasis Line, Flowers in October, Mr. and Mrs. Zhang Carpenters, and October, have emerged and participated in provincial and local performances. The lantern festivals in northern Hunan and western Hunan are also developing vigorously. In recent ten years, Hunan Lantern Festival has made great progress. Many professional and amateur troupes have continuously improved their artistic level, created some new plays reflecting real life, and excavated and sorted out some traditional plays with new ideological content. Hunan has made new contributions to the development of Hunan Lantern Opera.