What is the effective range of ancient bows and arrows? What is a horizontal stroke? What is a 45-degree angle? maybe ...

Physical theory has told us that the angle of 45 degrees is the farthest, and because of the potential energy of gravity, the maximum range of upward shooting is also the maximum effective range, which is different from horizontal shooting.

Qin crossbowmen:150m.

Korean ankle crossbow: 600 steps.

Roman crossbow: 700 meters.

Bed crossbow in Song Dynasty: 700 meters.

Arab crossbow: 700 meters.

British longbow: 700 meters.

Mongolian bow: 300 meters.

Generally speaking, bow is faster than crossbow (except compound bow and Zhuge crossbow). The use of bow is difficult to master, the accuracy is not high, and it is difficult for users to reach the theoretical value. The use of crossbows relies more on mechanical force. Crossbows can be stretched by feet, which is much more powerful, and the accuracy of crossbows is better, and the use method is also very simple. However, the production of crossbows is far more complicated than bows and the firing rate is slower. In the Yuan Dynasty, in order to solve the contradiction in bow and crossbow, the army generally required Mongolian cavalry who were used to riding and shooting to use bows, while the recruited Han soldiers used crossbows. When there are many Han soldiers, put down the three crossbows to form an arrow rain with a number advantage.