Agricultural Extension Program Essay Sample

Agriculture is the primary industry in China, the status of agriculture appears to be very important, and the extension of agriculture helps to improve our agricultural economy. Here are the agricultural extension course papers I recommend for your reference.

Agricultural Extension Course Paper One: "The Status and Development of China's Agricultural Extension System"

Since entering the 21st century, China's agricultural development, although it has entered a new era, but the agricultural technology extension system still has certain problems, to some extent, can't satisfy the current needs of the development of the countryside, and further curbed the development of China's agriculture. Therefore, how to solve this problem, and combined with China's basic national conditions, the introduction of a new agricultural extension system to promote the transformation of agricultural science and technology into real productivity has become a hot spot of social concern. This paper discusses the current situation of China's agricultural extension system, and puts forward the development countermeasures of China's agricultural extension system.

1 Extension system of the current situation

Agricultural extension system is an important part of our government's strong support for agriculture, an important embodiment of where. Especially since entering the 21st century our government actively develops agricultural production at the same time, but also extraordinarily strengthened the construction of the agricultural extension system, and built to planting, forestry, animal husbandry, aquaculture, water conservancy, agricultural mechanization, management and management of the main promotional network, and the formation of vertical agricultural extension system from top to bottom. It can be said that as of 2014, China has more than 400,000 villages have established service organizations, and more than 100,000 villages have formed professional and technical associations and scientific and technological demonstration households.

2 Problems of the extension system

Through the analysis, we can see that at present, China's agricultural extension system still has certain problems, which seriously affects the development of China's agriculture. If the specific analysis, the following points:

2.1 internal and external organization and management of the task does not match the goal

We all know that the fundamental task of the agricultural extension system is to promote the results of scientific research in agriculture, modern agricultural technology can be applied as soon as possible to agricultural production, and continue to promote the modernization and development of agriculture. However, nowadays, China's internal and external organization and management of the agricultural extension system often have some problems, not only can not achieve the actual task objectives and the actual task objectives are not consistent, which also caused the agricultural extension system is difficult to implement, and the extension system and the extension staff are often in a passive situation.

2.2 Poor market orientation and a serious disconnect with market demand

At present, China's agricultural technology promotion is under the direct leadership of the government, the administrative tendency is strong, and by the traditional agricultural technology promotion system and the inherent concept of constraints, agricultural research institutes and agricultural institutions of higher education and market demand and the needs of farmers there is a large gap between the scientific research behavior. It is precisely for this reason that the market orientation of agricultural technology promotion is poor and seriously out of touch with the actual market demand, resulting in the conversion rate of agricultural innovations that can really be realized is extremely low, much lower than that of developed countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States.

2.3 Mismatch between Agricultural Extension Workers and the Agricultural Extension System

Nowadays, many agricultural extension workers are unable to match the actual requirements of the agricultural extension system due to their low level of personal knowledge structure and comprehensive quality. The lack of strict selection and management of agricultural extension personnel within the agricultural extension system has also caused the agricultural extension system to a large extent to be unable to function well. In particular, some of the promotional personnel are old-fashioned, lack of innovation and unfamiliar with the current agricultural market, so it is not possible to complete the modern development of the agricultural extension system needs.

3 Countermeasures to improve the development of China's agricultural extension system

China's agricultural extension system has problems, which seriously affects the good functioning of China's agricultural extension system, therefore, it is particularly important to constantly combine with China's basic national conditions to improve the agricultural extension system.

3.1 Clear innovation goals, grasp the direction of development

Only clear innovation goals of the agricultural extension system, effectively grasp the direction of development, in order to promote the better development of China's agricultural extension work. In practice, we should continue to grow the agricultural extension team, and the consolidation of agricultural institutions at all levels, especially in the agricultural extension of the use of diversified means of service and service organizations, the establishment of a new state-owned, privately-run combination of agricultural extension system, for the development of China's agriculture to provide a more favorable protection.

3.2 Improvement of the agricultural extension system

The government-led agricultural extension system has become an important main body of agricultural extension, in order to further improve the development of China's agricultural extension system, and to promote the transformation rate of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, it is necessary to improve the government-led agricultural extension system. First, to strengthen the social public welfare of agricultural technology promotion efforts continue to increase; second, to improve the agricultural extension methods and agricultural extension mechanism, and constantly broaden the scope of functions of the agricultural extension department, shorten the promotion of scientific research results of the path, and effectively improve the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements and popularization; third, do a good job in the market demand for research work, and effectively implement the agricultural extension work to the market's actual needs, and increase financial investment in agricultural extension. And increase the capital investment in agricultural extension, in the funding to provide adequate protection.

3.3 Improvement of personal qualities

Further strengthening of the personal qualities of agricultural extension workers to promote the effective development of agricultural extension work has a crucial role, therefore, in practice, should continue to strengthen the existing agricultural science and technology personnel to continue education, especially the grass-roots agricultural technology extension staff training work. Here it should be noted that, in the agricultural extension of continuing education and training work, should be closely integrated with the actual production, and market demand for close integration, so as to improve the personal quality of extension personnel, can help more farmers to form their own practical ability to master the market.

4 Conclusion

By discussing the current situation of the agricultural extension system and the development measures to improve the agricultural extension system, we hope to make more people realize that agricultural extension is an indispensable and important part of the transformation of agricultural science and technology into a real productive force, and is also an important link in the development of modern agriculture. Therefore, the continuous improvement of China's agricultural extension system, so that it meets the development needs of China's rural areas, to meet the development needs of China's farmers on the development of science and technology is particularly important, and it is worthwhile for the relevant departments to conduct in-depth research, and to strengthen the construction.

Agricultural Extension Course Paper II: "Problems and Countermeasures of China's Agricultural Extension System"

1 Preface

To promote the rapid development of the rural economy, it is necessary to continue to improve the agricultural technology, to help farmers master advanced agricultural technology. But in practice, although a series of agricultural technology has been promoted and achieved certain results, but there are still a series of problems, so it is necessary to increase the reform efforts to achieve rapid economic development in rural areas. And as far as the agricultural extension system is concerned, its rapid development helps to help rural areas to improve economic income and promote the development of China's agriculture.

2 Problems in China's agricultural extension system

As there are certain problems in the agricultural extension system, it also affects the economic development of China's agriculture. So it is necessary to carry out reform and innovation to promote the development of China's agricultural extension system.

2.1 Problems in the management system

In terms of China's current agricultural extension system, due to the use of block **** with the same management and professional administrative division layer set. Therefore, in the process of block division, the relevant management departments did not realize the effective docking, which also caused a serious phenomenon of localism, but also appeared in agricultural scientific research and education and promotion of self-contained and other shortcomings. It is also because of these factors that our agricultural extension system is seriously underpowered, although the team is huge, but there is not much practical effect.

2.2 Problems with the operating mechanism

In the development of the agricultural extension system, by the economic system is more serious, and in the operation of the technology from top to bottom. Completion of the tasks assigned by the higher-ups has become one of the important indicators for the assessment of agricultural extension organizations. The management of personnel is also based on seniority. In the form of distribution, but the implementation of egalitarianism, evaluation of the system is also deviated from the service object, which also caused the service object can not participate in a timely manner in the evaluation of the extension. The direct impact of this is to promote the responsibilities of institutions and personnel can not be guaranteed, which also makes the work of enthusiasm and creativity effect is not high [1].

2.3 Extension of the problem of funding

By comparison with developed countries can be seen, in developed countries, the promotion of agricultural technology funding accounted for about 0.8% of the total value of agricultural output, while some developing countries in the promotion of technology funding accounted for about 0.4%, and our country is only about 0.2%. It is also because of the lack of funds that some agricultural facilities are too old. It is also because of the impact of these factors, so that some of the extension agencies in China will be paid service technology in the first place, but did not take into account whether it is beneficial to the service recipients.

2.4 Extension personnel problems

Because of the problems of China's agricultural extension agencies, and the overall quality of personnel there are certain problems, which also caused the professional knowledge can not be popularized in a timely manner, and can not grasp the most advanced information. Secondly, due to the welfare treatment is generally not high, so there is also the phenomenon of retaining talent, which also affects the efficiency of the promotion of agricultural technology.

3 Measures to improve China's agricultural extension system

3.1 Improve the management system

Only by maximizing the management system can we promote the promotion and development of agricultural technology. Therefore, in practice, it is necessary to establish a perfect management system to ensure the implementation of post responsibilities, and at the same time, it is also necessary to select personnel with strong professional ability. That is to say, we should change the direction from status management to post management, and decide the recruitment requirements based on the actual needs of the post. At the same time, it is also necessary to transfer the personnel with strong professional ability to the leadership position, with strong professional ability to drive the personnel with insufficient professional ability. Secondly, we also need to do the training and management of the post, the establishment of a perfect appraisal system, in addition to ensuring the basic salary of the staff, to be linked to the performance, to stimulate the enthusiasm of the personnel [2].

3.2 Expand the investment of funds

Insufficient investment of funds is one of the important obstacles caused by the low effect of agricultural technology promotion in China, therefore, the law can gradually increase the cost of agricultural technology promotion system, and improve the indirect financing system, and vigorously encourage private investment, set up a special technology promotion department, increase the investment in the promotion department. Or you can set up a special extension fund, combined with the development of the market economic system, to build a complete financial structure to promote the rapid development of agriculture. Finally, to dialectically view the relationship between technology promotion and business income, set up a relevant guarantee funds to solve the problem of difficult loans.

3.3 Improve the professional level of extension workers

The key to agricultural extension is to increase the construction of the extension team, in order to ensure the soundness of the extension system, it is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive quality and professional level of extension workers. In practice, improve the evaluation system and standardize the examination system. Select some professional ability, high quality talent to join the agricultural extension team. At the same time, it is also necessary to improve the salary of the extension personnel [3].

3.4 Timely technical training

As the overall quality of farmers is not high, and there is a certain lack of cultural level, so we need to continue to carry out the relevant training, so that the farmers to master more professional knowledge, and clear the importance of agricultural extension. In the actual training, you can organize farmers to participate in television lectures or scientific propaganda to farmers, so as to enhance the professional knowledge and technical capabilities of farmers.

3.5 Enhance the construction of the agricultural market

In terms of China's current agricultural market, there are still certain problems in market management. Such as technology development can not keep up with the development of agricultural forms or some people use legal loopholes to obtain illegal benefits. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly regulate the agricultural market, establish a fair and just agricultural market, and promote the rapid development of agricultural technology.

3.6 The government should strengthen the support

In terms of China's current agricultural economic cooperation organizations, most of them belong to the village level, so that in the area of coverage and the number of organizations on the existence of certain limitations. Therefore, in order to promote the development of the agricultural economy, the government is required to increase support to expand the development of rural economic organizations.

4 Conclusion

It can be seen from the above, although China's agricultural extension system still has certain problems, but can be resolved through the development of a series of measures. The development of the agricultural economy can not be separated from science and technology, we must do a good job of promoting the innovation of the system, in order to promote the rapid development of the agricultural economy.

Agricultural Extension Course Paper III: "Analysis of grass-roots agricultural technology promotion"

[Abstract] For a long time, grass-roots agricultural technology promotion has made a significant contribution to solving the problem of people's subsistence and realizing the historic transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture across. But in the face of China's agricultural science and technology development facing the double constraints of resources and markets and promote the construction of modern agriculture science and technology needs, but also exposed the grass-roots agricultural technology promotion process is not adapted to the new situation of the situation and problems.

[Keywords] Agricultural technology promotion Problems Measures

Agricultural technology promotion is the bridge and link between agricultural education, scientific research and farmers, as well as between the government and farmers, and plays an important role in agricultural development. Improve the grass-roots agricultural extension work, to further promote the strategic adjustment of agriculture and rural economy, increase farmers' income, the development of the rural economy, and realize the modernization of agriculture is of great practical significance.

1 grass-roots agricultural technology promotion problems

1.1 Insufficient inputs seriously constrain grass-roots agricultural technology promotion

First, the institutional team is unstable. Part of the local public welfare of agricultural technology promotion awareness is not in place, coupled with economic conditions, the special funds for technology promotion is even less. Agricultural technology personnel alternation is frequent, often part-time other work, engaged in agricultural technology promotion time is not much, really to the front line to carry out agricultural technology promotion of fewer and fewer personnel. Agricultural technology promotion work? The line is broken, the net is broken, and the people are scattered. The situation.

Secondly, the working conditions are poor. In addition to the basic treatment is not guaranteed, the extension institutions infrastructure conditions are backward, especially the lack of modern information equipment, can not pass the information transmission? The last kilometer? The first is that it is not possible to extend the reach of agricultural services to the village households, and it is not possible to solve the problem of lack of technology, lack of information, and hope that the service will be difficult for the farmers.

Third, the professional quality is not high. From a general point of view, the number of agricultural extension workers, but the real professional and technical personnel is insufficient, the overall quality is generally not high. In recent years, the township civil service recruitment work does not limit the professional, most of the personnel assigned to the agricultural extension station is not from the class, most of these people did not go through the systematic training of professional and technical knowledge, and due to financial constraints, the lack of re-education and training of agricultural extension personnel, resulting in the knowledge of the more and more obsolete and aging, the overall quality of the agricultural extension team showed a downward trend.

1.2 Misalignment of scientific and technological achievements with production needs affects the promotion effect

China produces a lot of agricultural scientific and technological achievements every year, but these achievements are not suitable for popularization and application. At present, it is common to use the "thesis" as the basis of the program. Thesis and project? Research and application activities? Acceptance appraisal? The bottom-up layer of the award? Operational mechanism to affirm the fruits of the labor of scientific and technological workers, this mechanism brings various drawbacks: bottom-up layers of awards, invariably increasing the number of results, resulting in a greater number of results of the illusion; squeeze the existing results of further promotion of the transformation of the space. Scientific and technological achievements must finally get the test of production and recognition, in order to be transformed into real productivity. In the new situation of the market economy, farmers to achieve economic benefits as the fundamental orientation of the technology requirements show diversification, the trend of high efficiency, and with the changes in market demand, the increase in effective integrated technology and management technology needs more strongly, and the current scientific and technological achievements and the promotion of the mechanism favors a single technology, supporting the integration of technology, as well as the overall role of technology and the regional effect of insufficient attention; the cost-saving efficiency, agricultural safety and post-production processing and so on. The application of technologies such as cost-saving, efficiency-enhancing, agricultural product safety and post-production processing is weak, and is misaligned with the actual needs of farmers and agricultural production. Coupled with the market, technology and other information is not smooth, affecting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productivity of the actual effect.

1.3 The ability of farmers to absorb new technologies is not high leading to the promotion of difficult

China is a large agricultural country, analyzed from the macro level, the demand for various types of agricultural technology achievements is huge and urgent, but from the micro point of view of the practice of promotion around the world, the real have the ability to adopt the application of science and technology innovation ? Effective demand? Is not high. First, modern agricultural high-tech, especially intangible technology and methodology for the popularization and application of the results of the class, the requirements of the general adopters should have a certain degree of basic knowledge of agriculture, mastery of the basic principles and rigorous operational techniques, and at this stage the reality is that only a small number of science and technology leading households have this ability, the majority of farmers do not yet have. Secondly, the adoption of innovative technologies require a certain economic strength, in small-scale operations and agricultural efficiency than the lower efficiency and other burdens of multiple pressures, most farmers due to the weakness of funds, only to adopt some of the benefits of significant, fast-acting physical and chemical technology results, and some of the slow or large investment in high-tech, only the adoption of the desire to use the lack of the ability to buy.

1.4 Decentralized Agricultural Production Makes Agricultural Technology Promotion More Difficult

China's agriculture is a decentralized smallholder economy based on farm households, which is small in scale and decentralized in production. Most of the farmers who have entered the cities and towns still tend to retain their land management rights, and the proportion of land transferred out is very low. Each household has full autonomy over the type of land to be planted and the way it is cultivated. This problem of small-scale agricultural operation, formed by the household contract responsibility system for rural land, is not only detrimental to the formation of mechanized farming and scale efficiency, but also increases the cost of large-scale promotion and transformation of scientific and technological achievements to a certain extent, leading to the fragmentation of technology and industry, and seriously restricting the improvement of the efficiency of agricultural production. Agricultural production is highly dispersed, farmers work individually, coupled with the weakening of the organizational function of the village committee, the promotion of agricultural technology is the lack of effective channels.

2 Countermeasures to strengthen grass-roots agricultural technology promotion

2.1 Play the backbone role of the government's agricultural technology promotion team

Agricultural technology promotion has an irreplaceable public welfare function, which is the main body of the socialized service system of agricultural technology promotion. By the government to establish a public welfare functions of agricultural technology promotion team, not only the objective needs of China's agricultural and rural economic development, but also the vast majority of countries in the agricultural development of the **** the same experience. The existing agricultural technology extension work must update the concept and mechanism innovation, combined with the structural adjustment of the agricultural industry, in accordance with the requirements of the development of the market economy, the service field from the production to the pre-production, post-production extension, from a single to the extension of integrated services, the use of technology and information to guide the farmers to enter the market, and to participate in and promote the industrialization of agricultural management. Governments at all levels should do a good job of agricultural technology extension organizations? The three definitions? Work, and gradually improve the infrastructure and working conditions of grass-roots agricultural extension departments to attract talent, stabilize the team, enhance the ability to serve rural science and technology, to ensure that the extension agencies at all levels to effectively perform the public welfare functions.

2.2 Guaranteeing the stability and development of the government's agricultural technology extension team

Agricultural technology extension work is mainly for the government and the majority of farmers to serve the main social benefits, governments at all levels should guarantee the basic funding of public welfare extension work according to law. First, to ensure that the wages of agricultural technicians and office work funds, make full use of the existing conditions, focusing on the possible financial and material resources, to strengthen the extension system of hard and software construction; Second, the establishment of a special fund for the promotion of agricultural technology, and institutionalized and gradually increase the share of financial support for agricultural funds for the promotion of agricultural technology to increase the scale of implementation of some of the public welfare of the extension work and the intensity of the support; Third, to strengthen the agricultural technology promotion The third is to strengthen the cultivation and training of agricultural extension personnel, improve their own scientific and cultural quality and the whole process of agricultural production of technical services, industrialization and information service capacity, in order to adapt to the needs of the new period of the construction of new rural areas and the requirements of the development of modern agriculture, to better meet the scientific and technological needs of farmers.

2.3 Establishment of the docking mechanism between scientific and technological achievements and production demands under the conditions of market economy

First of all, we should improve the evaluation system of agricultural scientific and technological achievements in line with the market economy.

Increase the protection of intellectual property rights, new varieties of agricultural animals and plants into the scope of patents, and encourage research units to develop and produce more practical scientific and technological products, to solve the situation of disconnect between scientific research and production. For some research and development demonstration of the combination of scientific and technological projects and development-oriented scientific and technological projects, in the appraisal and evaluation process can be considered to separate the innovative technology and economic benefits, or increase the weight of the innovative part, reduce the weight of the benefits have been obtained, increase the practicality of the results, and promote the generation of more can be directly applied to the production of practical technology. Secondly, we should develop and guide the agricultural technology market. First, we should strengthen the construction of agricultural technology market and promote agricultural technology transfer. Secondly, we should widely adopt market-oriented incentives, innovative promotion mechanisms, and mobilize all forces to participate in the enthusiasm of agricultural technology promotion.

2.4 Strengthen the technical training of farmers to improve the scientific and technological quality of farmers

Farmers are the main body of agricultural business, but also the main body of the demand for agricultural technology, the main body of the market. Agricultural technology promotion leaves the improvement of farmers' scientific and technological quality is ? Water without a source, no wood? Therefore, we should comprehensively improve the quality of farmers' science and technology as the primary goal. On the one hand, to strengthen technical training, so that farmers apply science and technology from amateur to expert. According to the current rural economy and the quality of the current situation of farmers, farmers should pay attention to the level of technical training and practicality. On the yield potential, high efficiency, the promotion of large agricultural technology projects, district, town, village, group should be purposeful, focused on the establishment of science and technology demonstration base and demonstration households, to provide farmers with learning models, with living facts to guide the farmers to change the traditional way of doing business, the application of science and technology to get rich.

Conclusion

We need to develop diversified extension methods and a full range of services in the field, improve the agricultural technology market, so that farmers gradually become the main body of extension activities; the establishment of a sound agricultural socialized service system, improve the conversion rate of agricultural technology achievements; with international practice to reform China's agricultural technology extension work, etc., from the legal! Institutionally! Mechanism! Management on the full range of reform of China's agricultural technology promotion system.

References

[1] Gao Qijie. Research on the construction of China's agricultural extension organization system [J]. Scientific Management Research, 2010,(2):107-111.

[2] Fan Weijie, Zhang Hua. Research on Problems and Countermeasures of Agricultural Extension in China under the New Situation[J]. Jilin Agriculture, 2010,(11):2-3.

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