Misunderstanding of traditional Chinese culture

This worship is reflected in two aspects, on the one hand, the worship of the ancients, on the one hand, the so-called "national masters" worship. Especially in the worship of Confucius, Qin Shi Huang and other iconic cultural images, this worship is not based on a "basic understanding" of the case of "respect and admiration"; but rather, in the case of a half-understanding, with a large degree of blindness.

We must firmly criticize this kind of personal worship. Worshippers tend to exaggerate the actual role of the individual in history, and over-exaggerate the actual historical status of the worshipped. On the one hand, it leads to the inability of future generations to correctly recognize history, and on the other hand, it breeds superstitious thinking. For example, if "Heaven does not give birth to Zhongni, the world will be like a long night", and assuming that there is no Confucius, the level of Shao Zhengmao's private study may not be worse than that of Confucius. Rites and music, originally only the feudal lords can learn the knowledge of the feudal lords "Shi" to the "Shi Zi" this class, so that the dissemination of learning, Confucius in this issue is something, but not so far as to leave him on the earth does not turn. We should also objectively recognize the reality that before the "vernacular language" was promoted, the illiteracy rate was as high as 90%, and the readers were few and far between.

The problem is generally reflected in the reading of the classics, the ancients have their own logic and thought, traditional culture can be understood as a "self-contained system" and "interpretive system" in two aspects. The so-called "self-contained system" is the ancient people's own writings, and the "interpretation system" is the interpretation of the writings of later generations, the Han Dynasty, the rise of the "commentary", the Tang and Song Dynasty, the rise of the "Shuo Yi", the "Shuo Yi", the "Shuo Yi", the "Shuo Yi", the "Shuo Yi", the "Shuo Yi". "Shuo Yi" belongs to the interpretation system. There is a serious problem here: the person who commented, not necessarily read the original, the meaning of the commentary may not be the author's intention.

Piercing, that is, the reason does not make sense of the place, hard to speak to the pass. The first thing I'd like to say is that I'm not sure what I'm talking about, but I'd like to say that I'm not sure what I'm talking about. Because we have been away from the pre-Qin sons of more than two thousand years, some books in circulation in the existence of some transcription errors, can not read the whole text is a very normal thing. Some "scholars" think that if the explanation does not make sense, it may be their own problems, rather than objective problems, so the reasoning does not make sense according to their own logic is hard to say "self-explanatory", in order to achieve this purpose of the raw pulling into a number of irrelevant Concepts. The final interpretation is not in line with the author's intention, but also contrary to the original intention of the annotator.

Three, excessive disassembly

This is also a common problem in the reading of classical writings, from the time when I was a child to do "reading comprehension" there has been the beginning of this, and when I grew up, I used it in the reading of classical writings. Although each Chinese character has many different meanings and each sentence has several different interpretations, the author of the book would have written the book in such a way that it could be interpreted in many different ways. But as an author of a book, would he write a sentence with both this and that meaning? With the exception of a very few uses of "double entendre," the vast majority of writings, especially intellectual, cultural, and philosophical writings, don't use this rhetorical device at all.

The inability to fully read and understand the ancient classics is due to a number of objective factors in addition to the subjective ability of the individual. For example, some ancient characters have been lost, and people today simply do not know how to read them and what they actually mean. Some books have been copied wrongly and omitted in circulation; some books themselves have been lost, and later generations have organized various fragments and put them together in a raw manner. A lot of objective reasons can not be solved, it is destined that no one can completely read an ancient book. Those who dare to speak like this are basically charlatans. Then from another perspective, we do not have to completely read a book, only need to find the internal logic of the text, to find the consistency of the author's thinking, even if it is read and understood, and do not need to search for chapter and verse of each sentence to get out a number of meanings. Confucius said, "a consistent", we find that "one" on it.

Fourth, generalization

This is the basic attitude toward traditional culture, either that traditional culture is all dross, to fully embrace Western civilization; or that traditional culture is all the essence, to inherit all and boycott Western culture. Both attitudes are unacceptable.

In addition to this "macro theory", there is also the problem of "generalization" in specific areas. Some people think that Confucius is a representative of the dark old society, while others think that Confucius is the cultural star of tomorrow. This attitude is equally undesirable.

We should have a basic attitude toward traditional and Western culture. We can't abandon and boycott them all, but we need to look at the problem dialectically, and we can critically absorb and learn from those that are in line with the trend of the times and with the basic cultural demands of the people. We all know that traditional culture is the "elite culture" of a few, and the masses do not have the right to read and write. In order to transform this cultural privilege of a few into a new culture that can serve the masses, we need to study and criticize traditional culture. We also know that Western culture is also a class culture that protects the vested interests of a few people. Equality is the common people of the capitalists, and democracy is the democracy of the capitalists. Westerners who preach "universal values" do not talk about democracy and freedom to the Qing government, and they do not talk about equality and human rights to the Africans and Indians. Therefore, we have to learn the advanced things from the western culture, and at the same time criticize their narrow-mindedness and actual practices.

To avoid a "generalized" discussion of the issue, we need to learn to look at the problem dialectically, everything has a good side and a bad side, as far as possible to avoid harm, so that the good side of the service for us, so that the bad side to get the maximum containment. The two attitudes of one-stroke-and-all-absorption are both unscientific and unreasonable. While figuring out what we want and what we don't want, what is good traditional culture and what is feudal dross? What is advanced Western culture and what is capitalist dross?

Fifth, the theory of cultural superiority

This is also the basic attitude towards traditional culture, either that traditional culture is comprehensively superior to Western culture, or that Western culture is comprehensively superior to Chinese culture. Here there is also the problem of "generalization", but the starting point is wrong, no matter "who is superior to who" this point of view is correct.

Fundamentally speaking, this is the "aftermath" of the recent history of "backwardness will be beaten". Because we have been beaten, we know that we are backward, but now that we are rich and strong, we start to emphasize that we are superior. From the extreme inferiority of culture, we have moved to the opposite side of cultural conceit. We should objectively recognize this problem, culture is the degree of cognitive understanding of the world of people in different regions, there is no certain people have a natural advantage, a lot of "superiority" are built on the basis of the night and day.

Cultural confidence does not mean that we should be blindly confident, but after a dialectical view of the problem, that our culture has its own unique features. As the saying goes, "There are some shortcomings, some longcomings, and some shortcomings. There is a lack of wisdom, there is a lack of number, and there is a lack of God." Nothing in the world is perfect, traditional culture has its own shortcomings and strengths, and we believe that in the process of inheriting the excellent traditional culture and learning from the advanced Western culture, we have the ability to create a new culture that affects the world.

Sixth, the theory of cultural conflict

This is a wrong view of the Western world, which has had some influence in China. As the "Hughes Dieter Trap" says, any new country in its full wings, there is bound to be a conflict of interest with the old countries, inevitably leading to war. The reason why this viewpoint is wrong is that he takes a historical phenomenon that has existed before as a historical law. Similarly, there is the mistake of "long division must be united, long united must be divided", they say "must", there is no "inevitability", but with certain historical conditions, if the objective conditions are not

While there are huge differences between Chinese and Western cultures, the review of Chinese culture does not conflict with any of them. This is an excellent traditional cultural genes, Confucius said "three people must be my teacher", any good culture is the object of our learning, not competitors. There is a fundamental difference between the culture of "harmony" that has existed since ancient times and the Western culture of capitalist colonial expansion. Our national interests are created by the hard work of the working people, and we don't have to rely on looting outside our own market to gain additional wealth.

Capitalism's expansion and plunder is due to the basic attribute of "capital's perpetual pursuit of profit", caused by "private ownership", in order to "legally" take more wealth for itself. In order to "legally" keep more wealth for itself, it has to expand and plunder. Our system is fundamentally different from that of the Western world, and our social order is completely different from the Western law of the jungle. China's cultural review can only benefit the people of the world, and will not clash with any culture in terms of fundamental interests. As a contemporary people, especially the need for a world view, China is a part of the world, to learn from the world's excellent civilization to develop their own culture, while China's excellent culture will certainly affect the world.