The disadvantages of traditional schools in the late Qing Dynasty

Because modern schools appeared under the specific circumstances of feudal rule in Qing Dynasty and social colonization in China? Inevitably, it is branded with the times. It was controlled by feudal regime, bound by feudal ideology and culture, and influenced by imperialist ideology and culture, and embarked on a deformed road that could not develop normally. Although these new schools can basically be regarded as modern schools in terms of teaching content and teaching methods, they also have to be semi-feudal and semi-colonial. So it shows great limitations. First of all, from the purpose of running a school of the Qing court. In 190 1, Zhang Baixi and others said: "As for the purpose of establishing a school, no matter what kind of school, it is based on loyalty and filial piety, and on studying China's classics and history, so that students' hearts can be purified. In 1903, the educational syllabus declared that "all schools should abide by the edict? With the aim of rectifying the atmosphere and cultivating generalists, it conforms to the meaning that three generations of schools pay equal attention to morality, Taoism and art. "1908 The Ministry of Education officially defines the educational objectives as loyalty to the monarch, respect for Confucius, respect for the public, respect for martial arts and respect for reality. Classics is a compulsory subject in all kinds of schools. Take the topic of primary school as an example. Reading and teaching classic works reach 12 class hours per week, accounting for two-fifths of the 30 class hours of all courses. Are there fewer classics in high school and primary school? But it also accounts for 1/3? Middle school students are also required to read ten abridged versions of The Book of Filial Piety, The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, The Book of Changes, The Book of Songs, Zuo Zhuan, Zhou Li, The Book of Rites and Yili within five years. Moreover, the teaching level of schools is uneven. In fact, quite a few schools are just the makeovers of old-style academies. Secondly, the Qing government strictly controlled schools. In order to make students "deeply understand loyalty and love" and "restrain self-love", the "Regulations on Prohibiting Schools" was promulgated, stipulating that students should not "talk nonsense" or "gather people to ask for it, or forcibly take it? Suspension of classes, school strikes, etc. 1907, the Qing court issued an imperial edict, declaring that students should not interfere in national politics? And leaving the roadside, the alliance will correct the public and make comments. " If there is any violation, students and teachers will "pay equal attention and never be soft." Obviously, this school under the pressure of feudalism can't be a modern school in a complete sense. Secondly, the existence of the legacy of the imperial examination. Because the Qing government expressly stipulated that students who graduated from new schools should be given grades and titles such as birth, promotion and Jinshi, many students entered schools in order to win fame, which created soil for many schools to engage in old habits. Therefore, Liang Qichao criticized the new education "not for the purpose of learning, but for learning as a means" and "luring the world with rich bait". As a result, "when the school was renamed the Imperial Examination, but the new learning also deteriorated into stereotyped writing, the motivation of students to seek scholars was not pure, so they took it as a' stepping stone' and threw it away when it became obsolete. "Finally, the development of the school is not high. Because modern schools were still in the rising stage, limited by social, political, economic and cultural factors at that time, they were far from meeting the social needs at that time. Take 1907 as an example. As far as the number of schools per capita is concerned, the highest Yunnan has 1 primary school for every 6,422 people. The lowest Anhui 139883 people 1.