Working principle of automobile braking system

Working principle of automobile braking system

As a braking system, the function of course is to make the moving car slow down or even stop according to our wishes. The working principle is to convert the kinetic energy of the car into heat energy through friction. Automobile braking system is mainly composed of energy supply device, control device, transmission device and brake. Common brakes are drum brakes and disc brakes.

1, drum brake

Drum brake mainly includes brake wheel cylinder, brake shoe, brake drum, friction plate and return spring. Mainly through the hydraulic device, the friction plate rubs against the inner side of the brake drum rotating with the old wheel, so as to achieve the braking effect.

When the brake pedal is depressed, the piston of the brake master cylinder is pushed to move, and then pressure is generated in the oil circuit; Brake fluid transfers pressure to the brake cylinder of the wheel to push the piston, and the piston pushes the brake shoe to move outward, so that the friction plate and the brake drum rub, thus generating braking force.

It can be seen from the structure that the drum brake works in a relatively closed environment, and the heat generated in the braking process is not easy to dissipate, and frequent braking affects the braking effect. However, drum brakes can provide high braking force and are widely used in heavy vehicles.

2. Disc brake

Disc brake, also called disc brake, is mainly composed of brake disc, caliper, friction plate, cylinder and oil pipe. The disc brake applies pressure to the caliper through the hydraulic system, so that the brake friction plate rubs against the brake disc rotating with the wheel, thus achieving the purpose of braking.

Unlike closed drum brakes, disc brakes are open. The heat generated in the braking process can be quickly dissipated, which has good braking efficiency. Now it has been widely used in cars.