Research on the layout of regional division of labor and policy support for low-carbon economy in Hebei Province Research on low-carbon accounting issues

I. Analysis of the necessity of the development of low-carbon economy in Hebei Province First of all, the development of the key "three high" industries in Hebei Province requires the realization of low-carbon mode. As a traditional industrial province, Hebei Province's leading industries are mainly iron and steel, petrochemicals and building materials. 2010, the three major industries in Hebei Province accounted for 49.7% of the value-added of industries above designated size, and the three major industries are still dominated by the "high-consumption, high-pollution, high-yield" crude episodic production, which not only increases the cost of resources but also is not conducive to the sustainable development of enterprises.

The three industries are still dominated by "high consumption, high pollution, high output" crude epitaxial production, which not only increases the consumption of resources, but also is not conducive to the sustainable development of enterprises.

Secondly, the development of low-carbon economy is the way to ease the resource constraints and improve the energy structure of Hebei Province. For a long time, the energy supply and demand contradiction in Hebei Province has been relatively prominent. According to statistics, in 2009, Hebei Province, energy production of 68,798,500 tons of standard coal, total consumption of 254,187,900 tons of standard coal, far more than the production. Although the province's coal, oil, natural gas, the total amount of resources is relatively rich, but the per capita resource reserves are low, only more than 60% of the national average, resource constraints are very obvious.

Finally, the development of a low-carbon economy is an important means of optimizing the industrial structure and achieving sustainable economic development in Hebei Province. According to estimates, in 2011, Hebei Province realized a GDP of 242.82 billion yuan, with the ratio of primary, secondary and tertiary industries at 12.0:54.1:33.9. It can be seen that economic growth relies too much on the secondary industry, and the proportion of industry, especially heavy industry, is on the high side, while the development of the tertiary industry, which is low in energy consumption, is lagging behind. The proportion of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in western developed countries is 5:30:65, indicating that there is a lot of room for optimization of the industrial structure in our province.

SWOT analysis of low-carbon economic development in Hebei Province

(1) Advantages of developing low-carbon economy in Hebei Province

First of all, Hebei Province is rich in new energy. According to statistics, the total amount of wind energy resources that can be developed in Hebei Province exceeds 21 million kilowatts, the amount of remaining crop waste straw exceeds 12 million tons per year, the amount of water resources is 20.5 billion cubic meters, and the province's geothermal resources can be extracted in an amount equivalent to 9.4 billion tons of standard coal.

Secondly, the province has rich tourism resources. These include red tourism resources such as Xibaipo, Ranzhuang tunnel battle site, and Wolf Tooth Mountain, historical and cultural tourism resources such as Summer Resort and surrounding temples, Shanhaiguan, and Zhili Governor's Office, ecotourism resources such as Zhangcheng Forest Grassland and Baiyangdian, and coastal tourism resources such as Beidaihe and Huanghua.

Once again, our province has the foundation and experience of utilizing new energy to develop the economy. In recent years, the province's new energy equipment manufacturing level continues to improve, photovoltaic power generation, wind power, nuclear power and other equipment manufacturing industry is beginning to take shape, Baoding Yingli, AVIC Huiteng and other enterprises in the domestic leading position in the technical level of the product; Chengde wind power base, Shijiazhuang garbage power plant in the utilization of new energy has accumulated a lot of experience.

Finally, the "three high" industries have accumulated some experience in energy conservation and emission reduction. Such as the Kailuan Group of coal mining and coal chemical industry in the waste treatment and reuse, the formation of a number of energy-saving industrial chain: extraction of gas between the coal beds for industrial power generation and civil gas; the use of coal coking process of gas production of methanol and the extension of the production of high-level chemical materials; the use of coal gangue power generation, etc., have formed a considerable economic benefits. According to statistics, Kailuan Group invested 420 million yuan in energy saving and emission reduction in 2009, but realized a comprehensive income of more than 2 billion yuan.

(B) Hebei Province, the development of low-carbon economy disadvantages

First, the low degree of industrial concentration, enterprise scale is small. From the current point of view, the iron and steel, petrochemical and building materials industries are still the basis of economic development in the province, but the problem of small-scale enterprises and low industrial concentration is very prominent. According to statistics, Hebei Province has a steelmaking capacity of 52 iron and steel enterprises, only 21 steel production of more than 1 million tons per year, the other mostly small and medium-sized private iron and steel enterprises, competition for resources, raw materials, competition for the market phenomenon is serious, not only a serious waste of resources, but also is not conducive to the realization of economies of scale. Building materials industry is also the case, Hebei Province, 80 kiln cement enterprises, the average size of less than 600,000 tons.

Second, many inefficient enterprises, low innovation capacity. For our province, since the reform and opening up, the industry has greatly improved the level of technology, some enterprises have reached the international level of products, but the overall lack of innovation, backward science and technology, new product development is still the main obstacle to the development of the industry. For example, in 2009, the petrochemical industry in our province, the new product output value rate of 1.30%, with the national 5.62% difference. In addition, part of the province's industry technology and equipment backward, small-scale enterprises, the layout of the scattered, but also affect the conservation and utilization of energy, so the energy use efficiency is relatively low. According to estimates, Hebei Province, the coal utilization rate of 27%, 5 percentage points below the national average, 15 percentage points below the world's advanced level. Visible, to completely eliminate these backward production capacity, improve the efficiency of energy use is still time-consuming.

Third, the utilization efficiency of new energy is low. The province's new energy industry, the first unfavorable factors, "wind power consumption capacity is insufficient". According to statistics, as of the end of 2009, the province's wind power installed capacity of 2.802 million kilowatts, of which more than half can not be connected to the grid. Photovoltaic power generation also exists in the higher cost of facilities and price mechanism has not been formed and other unfavorable factors, resulting in new energy can not be fully utilized.

(C) Hebei Province, the opportunity to develop a low-carbon economy

One is that the country will focus on supporting the new energy industry as a strategic emerging industry, requiring that by 2020 the proportion of non-fossil energy in primary energy consumption to reach about 15%, and that the carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will be reduced by 40% to 45% compared with 2005. Coupled with the province's industrialization, urbanization process continues to accelerate, urban and rural infrastructure construction and upgrading of the consumption structure of the population, the formation of a huge demand for heavy chemical products, which translates into an increase in the demand for energy, which are for the development of new energy industries to bring opportunities.

The second is the domestic and foreign energy-saving and renewable energy use of technology continues to mature, such as large-capacity machine speed control and power-saving technology, photoelectric mutual sensing technology, composite optical cable technology, wind power machine engineering technology, wind power control engineering technology, etc., for the energy-saving emission reduction and the use of new energy to provide the conditions.

(IV) Threats to the development of low-carbon economy in Hebei Province

On the one hand, there is a lack of effective incentives and an imperfect policy support system. Hebei Province has achieved breakthroughs in many areas of the low-carbon economy, but mostly point and block tests, the lack of a strong policy support system. Such as Hebei Province issued a policy to encourage support for cement and glass enterprises supporting or on the waste heat power generation projects, but after the project is put into operation, waste heat power generation on the Internet, there are a number of problems, and the power sector communication, coordination channels are not smooth. In addition, Hebei low-carbon projects, especially large-scale demonstration projects mainly rely on policy investment and loans from international institutions, has not yet formed a stable government investment mechanism.

On the other hand, there is a lack of scientific and technological innovation talents and funds. Due to the special geographic location of Hebei Province and the lack of policies in many cities, high-level scientific and technological talents tend to choose Beijing, Tianjin and other fast-developing cities, resulting in a large number of high-tech institutions surrounded by Hebei Province, but very few of them are truly innovative. In addition, there is a lack of financial support for the low-carbon economy. From the evaluation of the national regional innovation capacity, the province's R&D proportion of GDP in 2010 was only 0.76%, less than half of the national average; and the financial system does not have enough support for low-carbon technology projects to meet the financial needs of the development of low-carbon industries.

Three suggestions for the development of low-carbon economy in Hebei Province

(1) Give full play to the comparative advantages and realize the layout adjustment of the industrial structure in Hebei Province

First of all, the coal, iron and steel, electric power, cement and ceramics in Hebei Province are mainly concentrated in Tangshan, Handan and Xingtai, and the petroleum is mainly located in Cangzhou, so the heavy and chemical industries of the province can be focused on these four cities to take advantage of the local resource advantages. Secondly, the coastal areas of Zhangjiakou, Chengde, Cangzhou and Qinhuangdao are rich in wind energy and solar energy in Zhangcheng area, so we can focus on the development of new energy industries such as wind energy and solar energy. Once again, the Hebei Plain area is vast, and the output of grain, cotton and oil is second only to Shandong in the Bohai Rim, so that the development of agricultural products as raw materials in Shijiazhuang, Hengshui, Langfang and Baoding can be focused on the processing of agricultural products, textile and pharmaceutical industries, as well as the bio-energy industry. Finally, Baoding, Chengde, Zhangjiakou, Qinhuangdao, Shijiazhuang and other places have rich tourism resources, in the development of related industries should also focus on the development of tourism development and development.