How are human hematopoietic stem cells collected?

Hematopoietic stem cells are collected from bone marrow or peripheral blood.

The bone marrow is aspirated by repeated puncture of the posterior superior iliac spine of the patient or donor under general anesthesia, and typically 2?4 X 108/cells are collected depending on the recipient's weight. Except for mild anemia, bone marrow collection has no significant effect on the donor's peripheral blood cell count. It is usually well tolerated. The process of collecting hematopoietic stem cells from the peripheral blood of the donor or patient is called leukapheresis.

Primary hematopoietic cells can be mobilized into the peripheral circulation by prior administration of hematopoietic growth factors, such as G-CSF, GM-CSF, or chemotherapy, and are then collected and concentrated by "leukapheresis. This method was first used for autologous transplantation, but interest in allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation is growing.

To mobilize stem cells, hematopoietic growth factor can be given subcutaneously to voluntary donors 4 or 5 days before leukapheresis, with minimal side effects, most of which include only mild skeletal discomfort. The main factors affecting the patient's prognosis are disease recurrence and GVHD.

Under normal physiological conditions, the amount of hematopoietic stem cells in the peripheral blood is extremely low and cannot meet the needs of transplantation. After drug mobilization, accelerated bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell production and release into the peripheral blood can increase the peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells by 20-30 times to meet the need of transplantation.

Extended information:

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation refers to the transplantation of other people's or autologous hematopoietic stem cells into the body to take up the role of hematopoiesis and immunity, including the red blood cell system, leukocyte system, megakaryocyte system and reconstruction of immune function. The indications include malignant hematologic diseases such as acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Non-malignant aspects such as thalassemia, aplastic anemia, inborn metabolic disorders, genetic disorders, immunodeficiency disorders, solid tumors, and acute radiation sickness.

With the development of medical technology, it has been found that there are hematopoietic stem cells in the peripheral blood, and by playing mobilizers, it can prompt the release of the stem cells in the bone marrow into the bloodstream, so that sufficient number of hematopoietic stem cells can be obtained by collecting them from the peripheral blood, which is why it is also known as peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

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