What Physics is about

Physics is a natural science that focuses on the study of matter, energy, space, and time, especially their individual properties and interrelationships with each other. Physics is the knowledge of the laws of nature; more broadly, physics explores the analysis of phenomena occurring in nature in order to understand their rules.

Physics: physical phenomena, structure of matter, interaction of matter, laws of motion of matter.

Scope of the study of physics - the levels and orders of magnitude of the material world

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I. Introduction to Classification

1. Newton mechanics (Newton mechanics) and analytical mechanics (analytical). Newton mechanics (Newton mechanics) and analytical mechanics (analytical mechanics) to study the basic laws of mechanical motion of the object and the laws of spatial and temporal relativity

2, electromagnetism (electromagnetism) and electrodynamics (electrodynamics) to study the electromagnetic phenomena, electromagnetic movement of matter and electromagnetic radiation and other laws

3, thermodynamics (thermodynamics) and statistical data. thermodynamics (thermodynamics) and statistical mechanics (statistical mechanics) the study of the statistical laws of the thermal movement of matter and its macroscopic performance

4, special relativity (special relativity) the study of high-speed movement of the object effect and the related kinetic laws.

5, general relativity (general relativity) study in the vicinity of large mass objects, the object in the strong gravitational field under the kinetic behavior.

6, quantum mechanics (quantum mechanics) study of microscopic matter movement phenomena and the basic laws of motion

In addition, there are:

Particle physics, atomic nuclear physics, atomic and molecular physics, solid state physics, condensed matter physics, laser physics, plasma physics, geophysics, biophysics, Astrophysics, etc.

Second, the history of physics

Galileo Galilei (1564~1642) the founder of modern human physics, laid the foundation for the development of modern human physical science.

1900~1926 Established quantum mechanics.

1926 Established Fermi Dirac statistics.

1927 The theory of Bloch waves was established.

1928 Sommerfeld put forward the conjecture of energy bands.

1929 Pyles proposed the concepts of forbidden bands and cavities, and in the same year Bethe proposed the concept of Fermi surface.

1947 Bardeen, Bratton and Shockley of Bell Labs invented the transistor, marking the beginning of the information age.

1957 Peppard measures the first Fermi surface superlattice material, the nanomaterial photon.

1958 Jack Kilby invents the integrated circuit. Kilby invented the integrated circuit.

Large-scale integrated circuits appeared in the 1970s.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia - Physics