What was the mode of operation of ancient Chinese agriculture, the mode of cultivation, and the mode of production? How to distinguish between the three?

Method of production: the combination of agriculture and handicrafts

Farming methods: slash-and-burn, and ox-drawn, and human-animal cooperation

Method of operation: self-sufficiency

Added: 1. In the period of the slave society, due to the backwardness of the productive forces of the agriculture of the mode of production for the production of the collective farm, the farming method of the slaves of the field labor, the beginning of the use of metal tools, and the use of a single mode of operation, mainly for the exchange of goods between slave owners. Business mode is single mainly for the barter between slave owners. Into the feudal society, due to the significant increase in productivity of agriculture production mode into small farmers individual production, farming methods for the iron plough ox ploughing, the use of iron farming tools on a large scale, the mode of operation of agricultural commodities began to appear, but mainly for self-sufficiency.

2. China's ancient from slash-and-burn to iron plow and oxen plowing the evolution of agricultural farming methods:

(1) China is an independent development, self-contained system of the world's agricultural origins of one of the centers. Seven or eight thousand years ago, China already had a fairly well-developed primitive agriculture. At first, human beings simply imitated the process of plant growth in nature by sowing and harvesting. Later, people found that the place that had been burned by fire, the crops grew well, so they first removed the trees and weeds on the ground, dried them in the sun and set them on fire, and then sowed the seeds. This type of farming is known as "slash-and-burn" or "fire plowing".

(2) Seven or eight thousand years ago, our ancestors invented the earliest loosening of the soil agricultural tools --_Wei?ê. The appearance and widespread use of the _Wei-Nü-mei_ marked the entry of our agriculture into the stage of "耜耕" or "耜" or "石器锄耕" (stone hoeing).

(3) During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, bronze agricultural tools appeared. Bronze agricultural tools were harder and sharper than wood and stone tools, and because they were more expensive, they were used only in small quantities in agricultural production.

(4) During the Spring and Autumn Period, small iron agricultural tools were introduced. During the Warring States period, the use of iron agricultural tools expanded.

(5) During the Warring States period, ox plowing was initially popularized. Thereafter, iron plow and oxen plowing gradually became the main farming method of traditional Chinese agriculture.

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