How many kinds of human beings can the world be divided into?

Based on differences in physical characteristics, the world's human races used to be broadly categorized into four major races, namely, the Mongolian race (yellow race), the Caucasian race (white race), the Negroid race (black race), and the Oceanian race (brown race).

1, the Mongolian race (yellow race)

The yellow race, also known as the yellow race, the Asian-American race, the Mongolian race, the Mongoloid race, is one of the world's four major races. Their numbers rank second among the four major races. The yellow race is mainly distributed in the Urals, East Asia, North Asia, Northeast Asia, Siberia, northern South Asia, Southeast Asia and a few in the Americas, Oceania. Yellow people account for about 37% of the world's population.

2, Caucasian race (white race)

White race, also known as the European race, Caucasian race, refers to a specific physical characteristics of a race of people, is the concept of physical anthropology. White people are the most numerous and widely distributed ethnic group in the world, accounting for about twenty-two percent of the world's population. It is mainly concentrated in Europe, North Africa, West Asia, Central Asia, South Asia, North America, South America and Oceania. The native places of Caucasians are Europe, North Africa, West Asia, Central Asia and South Asia. And the white people of the Americas and Oceania are mainly of European descent.

The term "Caucasian" is a subjective and unscientific name that people used to call this race according to the obvious skin color, in fact, Caucasians not only include traditional Europeans, but also include darker skin color but other physical characteristics similar to traditional Europeans in South Asia, and within the traditional Europeans, Western Europeans and Southern Europeans of the Mediterranean region due to the temperature and ultraviolet radiation. and southern Europeans due to temperature ultraviolet radiation is relatively dark, the circum-Mediterranean region of West Asia, North Africans with dark skin color, compared to the northern Europeans with dark skin color.

3, Oceania people (brown people)

Brown people are classified according to genetic and physical for the classification of human beings, molecular anthropological studies have confirmed the uniqueness of their genes. In general, brown people include the Aboriginal Australian, Melanesian, Papuan, and Veddah (Original Australian) clades.

Brown people are the earliest inhabitants of Oceania, the South Asian subcontinent and the South Seas Islands, and used to be widely distributed in Oceania, Southeast Asia and South Asia, but were ostracized by newcomers after the arrival of whites and yellows. At present, only Melanesians and Papuans are still the main inhabitants of the islands of Oceania, and the rest of the population is distributed only in Australia, the South Asian subcontinent, the South Ocean Islands part of the remote areas of the deep mountains or desert.

4, the Negro race (black race)

Black race is the black race, also known as the Negro race, the black race accounted for 15% of the world's population. The Negro-Australian race, equatorial race, is a group of people divided according to physically heritable traits, a type of human classification in the doctrine. Negroes generally have a dark complexion, dark wavy or curly hair, black eyes, a broad, flat nose with a low or medium root, small nasal prominence, large horizontal diameter of the nostrils, convex lips, a large width of the mouth, thick lips, and less beard and body hair.

The main racial classifications of the Negroes are the Sudanese Negroes, the Bantu Negroes (both of which make up the vast majority of the black African population), the Khoisan Negroes, the Cushitic Negroes (who are of a mixed race of black and white), and the Aborigines of Australia. During the medieval period and before the Middle Ages, they were mainly found in sub-Saharan Africa. Later, because of the imperialism and mercantilism of European countries, large numbers of blacks were forced to be sent as slaves to South and North America.

Extended information:

Before the 20th century, scientists generally agreed that human beings were divided into a number of Essentialist ways of dividing (i.e., in terms of indispensable characteristics) races, such as the Negro race (black), the Mongoloid race (yellow), the Caucasian race (white), and so on. But since the 1940s, evolutionary scientists have begun to phase out this theory.

Also, race has long been understood as a scientific classification, i.e., as a level of categorization, e.g., race is equated with subspecies; however, since the 1960s, emerging data as well as modeling in population genetics research has also led some scientists to begin questioning this understanding in favor of the concepts of population, cline, aka. "clines" or "ecological clusters") to study differences within humans.

Since the 1990s, emerging data and models from genomics as well as branching systematics studies have also led the scientific community to a new understanding of human origins, causing some scientists to turn to lineages rather than traits to define racial divisions and to argue that races should be understood as fuzzy aggregates, statistical populations, or, in a broader sense, as clades.

There are many evolutionary scientists, as well as sociologists, who believe, based on recent biological findings, that any definition of human race lacks the rigor and correctness of a scientific classification; that definitions of ethnicity are inaccurate, arbitrary, politicized, and conventional, and that they vary according to cultural perspectives, and that race should be viewed as a social construct.

But there are other scientists who argue that the concept of race is not unfounded, that there is indeed a correlation between the concept of race and multilocus genetic data, and that the real motivation for attempting to discard the concept of race is primarily political rather than scientific.

At present, various disciplines have no conclusive or *** knowledge of what an ethnos is, whether it exists, how many there are, how it should be defined, how it should be understood, how it should be analyzed, and so on.

Baidu Encyclopedia - The Four Human Races