How to divide chronic gastritis into several syndrome types from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine?

According to the different pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of chronic gastritis, TCM usually divides it into six basic syndrome types: spleen-stomach deficiency and cold type, liver-stomach disharmony type, stomach yin deficiency type, cold-heat mixed type, spleen-stomach damp-heat type and blood stasis block type.

1. Spleen and stomach deficiency-cold type:

The main manifestations are dull pain in the upper abdomen, temperature and pressure, pain reduction due to heat, pain increase due to hunger, pain reduction after eating, vomiting of clear water, anorexia, loose stool, fatigue, even tepid limbs, pale tongue, thin white or greasy fur, and weak or slow pulse.

2. disharmony between liver and stomach:

The main manifestations are epigastric fullness, bilateral pain, anorexia, chest tightness, sighing, frequent belching, acid regurgitation, nausea, aggravated by emotional factors, poor stool, red tongue, thin white fur and thready pulse.

3. Insufficient stomach yin:

The main manifestations are dull pain in the upper abdomen, discomfort in the upper abdomen, mild fullness in the upper abdomen, burning pain and discomfort, noisy hunger, emaciation, anorexia, vexation and fever, dry mouth and throat, constipation, red tongue with little or no coating, and rapid pulse.

4. Hot and cold mixed:

The main manifestations are dull or cold pain in the upper abdomen, abdominal distension discomfort, feeling warm and oppressive, burning sensation in the upper abdomen, acid regurgitation, bitter or light taste, anorexia and nausea, bowel movements, listlessness, pale or red tongue, thin yellow or yellow-white fur, and slippery or heavy pulse.

5. Damp-heat type of spleen and stomach:

The main manifestations are fullness and pain in the upper abdomen, noisy and burning, dizziness, heavy head and body, weakness of limbs, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, thirst and bitter taste, yellow urine, thin stool, red tongue, fat teeth marks on the edge of the tongue, yellow and greasy fur and heavy and slippery pulse.

6. Stagnation of blood stasis:

The main manifestations are pain in the upper abdomen, local refusal to press, tingling or knife pain, severe pain after eating, or hematemesis or black stool, dark tongue or ecchymosis, unsmooth pulse or string.