How did the Qing Dynasty reform the dress code?

After the Qing dynasty unified the whole country, it absorbed the essence of traditional costume culture, such as color and decoration, and at the same time incorporated its own riding and shooting cultural elements.

Elements, forming a unique clothing system. The royal costumes of Qing Dynasty, mainly emperors and queens, include formal clothes, auspicious clothes, regular clothes, traveling clothes and casual clothes.

All kinds of clothes worn on different occasions. The dress is solemn, the auspicious clothes are festive and warm, and the clothes are convenient and practical. Moreover, casual clothes are colorful, beautiful and the most beautiful.

Beauty, the cheongsam evolved from it, has become the never-ending representative of China's costume culture in the world's national costume forest.

1. Dress

Dresses were worn by emperors and queens of the Qing Dynasty when they attended major ceremonies. For example, the emperor climbs the pole, worships the sky, the earth, the sun and the moon, the queen kisses silkworms, and the matching clothes to wear when receiving greetings on New Year's Day, Longevity and Winter Solstice. The emperor's dress includes end caps, court clothes and robes; The queen's dress includes robes, robes and skirts. The complexity of court dresses and queen dresses in Qing Dynasty has profound meanings and rich connotations. The design of these costumes not only inherits the twelve chapters in ancient traditional etiquette, the yellow in the five elements, the image of dragons and so on. But also the images of saddle, horseshoe and bow, which skillfully integrated the ancient crown service system in China with Manchu characteristics. The respect of the Supreme Emperor has been fully publicized through the shape and color of the crown.

2. Gifu

Emperors and Empresses in Qing Dynasty are also called "colorful clothes" and "colorful clothes", which are mainly used in the "prologue" and "epilogue" stages before and after major auspicious festivals, banquets and sacrificial activities. The emperor's auspicious clothes include court clothes and robes; The queen's auspicious costumes include robes and robes. The so-called exotic clothes mean that these clothes will change their patterns or colors at any time according to the different needs of different seasons and festivals (exotic clothes). Sometimes, the emperor will customize his favorite color robes to enjoy according to his hobbies. The auspicious clothes of emperors and queens in Qing Dynasty contained liveliness in solemnity, and pursued exquisiteness, variety and uniqueness in routines.

Travel clothes

Hunting was once the basic way of life of Manchu ancestors. In order to meet the needs of riding and shooting, Manchu creatively sewed a convenient, practical and self-contained garment, which was later called luggage. With the change of Manchu production and lifestyle, clothing styles adapted to the new environment have become the mainstream, and travel clothing has retreated to hunting, galloping and sightseeing. In the Qing dynasty, uniforms included robes, robes and dresses. Because it is practical, there are neither complicated patterns nor simple colors. In terms of style, less lapel is its distinctive feature, so as to ride cross-legged and shoot. In the history of Manchu "riding and shooting", luggage enjoyed the reputation of "victory robe" and "victory robe", which was recorded in Qing History.

sportswear

Casual clothes are the clothes worn by Empress Yan of Qing Dynasty, which are characterized by complicated forms and colorful colors and patterns. Including casual robes, shirts, clothes, mandarin jackets, vests, jackets, shirts, trousers, trousers, etc. The decoration methods and styles of these clothes reflect the different characteristics of the early, middle and late Qing dynasty, from simplicity to luxury and elegance, and finally develop into a comfortable fit, showing aesthetic taste and personality. Empresses' colorful casual clothes, with their exaggerated brocade and exquisite embroidery techniques, constitute the most colorful movement of court costumes in Qing Dynasty. Its exquisite craftsmanship, distinctive style and elegant and extraordinary taste are still an inexhaustible source of innovation in traditional national costumes.

5. Materials

The costumes of Empress Dowager Cixi in Qing Dynasty came from three branches in the south of the Yangtze River and were woven according to the costume patterns drawn by court painters. After the embroidered ready-to-wear cloth enters the palace for acceptance, it is handed over to the garment craftsman for cutting and sewing according to the "cut line" on the cloth. Exquisite weaving and embroidery techniques of materials have reached the highest level of Empress Dowager Cixi's clothing.