What are the characteristics of the white porcelain pattern of Ding Kiln in the Five Dynasties?

Ding kiln workers are deeply loved by people for their colorful decorative patterns. Decorative techniques are mainly white glaze printing, white glaze carving and white glaze drawing, as well as white glaze embroidery and gold color drawing, with beautiful and generous patterns. In the early Northern Song Dynasty, the carving, composition and patterns of Ding Kiln were simplified, and most of them were thick lotus petals decorated with the beauty of bas-relief. In the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty, carved flowers were beautifully decorated and unique. Decorative patterns are often printed, scratched and piled up, which are beautiful and generous. Printed patterns, ingenious deformation of natural form, rigorous composition; Carving is more lively and unique than printing.

Delineation is one of the main decorative methods of Ding kiln porcelain in Song Dynasty. Usually simple patterns are drawn with grating tools, and the lines are rigid, smooth and dynamic. Lotus petal pattern is the most common decorative pattern in kiln. There are single flowers, double flowers in parallel, lotus leaves staggered out, and some are also equipped with duck patterns. The patterns are simple and diverse. The decorative patterns of vertical objects are mostly decorated with carved flowers, which are rare. In the early kiln ware, some carved patterns were combined with lotus petals and chrysanthemum patterns, and the overall layout was not very harmonious. This was a new decorative technique when fashion was in the primary stage, and it also provided a basis for the dating of kiln ware.

Carving is developed on the basis of carving decoration technology. Sometimes it is used with the scribing process. For example, in the center of a dish or bowl, the contour lines of broken branches or bound branches are carved, and then multiple lines are carved on the contour lines of flowers and leaves with single-tooth, double-tooth and comb tools. The common decorative pattern is double flowers, which are vivid and natural, with strong three-dimensional sense and usually symmetrical. Ding kiln sculptors often draw thin lines on one side of the outline of flowers, fruits, lotus, ducks and Yunlong to enhance the three-dimensional sense of the decoration.

The most expressive decorative pattern in printing kiln is printing decorative pattern. This craft began in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty and matured in the late Northern Song Dynasty. The most exquisite decorative patterns of Ding kiln utensils are in the center of dishes, bowls and other utensils, but there are few decorative patterns inside and outside these kinds of utensils. Decorative patterns of kilns are characterized by distinct layers, the outermost ring or the middle, and the patterns are often separated by palindromes. The overall layout of the pattern has clear lines, ingenious deformation and modeling, complex but not chaotic, rigorous layout, symmetry, distinct levels, clear lines, neat and elegant, and high artistic level. Ding kiln seals are mostly printed on the inner side of the plate, and it is extremely rare to find objects with decorative patterns inside and outside.

The most common theme of Ding Kiln printing is flower design, mainly including lotus, chrysanthemum, day lily, peony, plum blossom and so on. The arrangement of flower patterns mostly adopts methods such as winding branches and folding branches, emphasizing symmetry. Some bowls and pots are petal-shaped, and a blooming flower is printed on the bowl. At the same time, the outer wall is engraved with pedicels and petal outlines. This method, which combines printing and engraving technology with the internal and external decoration of the object, makes the modeling and pattern decoration of the object integrate into one, which is very beautiful. Secondly, Dingyao also has a large number of animal decorations, mainly including cattle, deer, mandarin ducks, Kirin, dragons and phoenixes, lions and dragons. The dragon pattern of Ding kiln is generally decorated in the center of dishes, dishes, bowls and other utensils. Surrounded by auspicious clouds, there are many dragons, but there is no symmetrical double dragon pattern. The flying dragon is vigorous, with its head held high between auspicious clouds, its tail entwined with its hind legs, its teeth bared, and it wants to swallow a fireball. It has fins on its back, scales carved on its body, a fluttering beard and hair, hairy elbows and three sharp claws, which are lifelike. However, the vertical pieces of Ding kiln are only decorated with deformed dragon patterns, which are far from the dragon patterns on plates and dishes. The decorative patterns of birds mainly include phoenix, peacock, egret, mandarin duck, wild goose, duck, etc., and the exquisite flying phoenix is rare.