Two Poems on Stone Appreciation Culture

It is under the cliff of Tiger Claw at the southern foot of Lushan Mountain in Jiangxi Province, and it is away from Tao Yuanming's hometown Lili 1 km. He was lying on a stream called Xingquan, which was the "drunken stone" that Tao Yuanming had drunk. The smooth stone surface was engraved with the poem "Book Drunken Stone" by the Song Dynasty poet Cheng:

Wan Ren Peak is at the water's edge, and the green color of the morning light helps to cool down.

Who knows that the partial teacher is affectionate and once sent Yuan Ming into a drunken hometown.

On the cliff nearby, there are poems inscribed by literati in past dynasties, among which a drunken stone poem by Guo Bocheng, a poet of Ming Dynasty, is:

Yuanming is drunk with this stone, and the stone is drunk with Yuanming.

No one will meet in a thousand years, and the mountains are high and the wind is clear.

Drunk marks are on the stone, and drunk springs are deep under the stone.

There are springs and stones, you know my heart.

Where is Wuliu today? Lonely pine trees are still green.

If I hadn't been drunk at that time, Dust Dream would have woken up.

Note: May 6th refers to Tao Yuanming. Tao Yuanming, Mr. Wu Liu.

Literati and writers of all ages sang poems and couplets for their favorite strange stones or friends. In the history of stone appreciation in China, at the latest in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, there have been poems chanting strange stones in the true sense, such as Cui Shi by Liang Xiao, a historian and writer in the Southern Dynasties:

According to the peak, it looks like a mirror and is connected by ridges.

With green willows reflecting the forest, the pool is chaotic.

It is difficult to spread the word Dan if the wall platform does not fall down.

Walking in the East, you are all immortals.

Since the Sui Dynasty, it has been quite common for literati to write poems for strange stones. In the Tang Dynasty, it became a common practice. Su Weidao, Song, Wang Wei, Li Bai, Du Fu, Liu Changqing, Bai Juyi, Liu Yuxi and Li Deyu all left us many well-known stone poems. After the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the prosperity of stone appreciation culture, stone-chanting poems have been prosperous. Su Dongpo in the Song Dynasty and Emperor Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty were both great stone appreciators and great poets who chanted strange stones, leaving a large number of poets for later generations. Su Dongpo's "Double Stones", "Snow Waves Stones" and "A Pot of Nine Flowers" are all famous sentences praising stones. There are more than 1000 stone poems of Emperor Qianlong, which have been talked about by stone friends so far.

All these are enough to show that the affinity between strange stones and poems is a major feature of China's stone appreciation culture.

As soon as the strange stone became attached to poetry, it lasted for a long time, and over time, it formed a tradition.

Is there any basis for this? Let's take a look at an experience of Jiuhua in a pot, a strange stone that Su Dongpo loves and misses.

In the first year of Song Shaozheng (1094), Su Dongpo was demoted to Huizhou (now Guangdong). One day, when he passed by Hujiang (now Hukou County, Jiangxi Province), he saw a strange stone in the Li family, the stone collector, which was full of Jiu Feng. He likes it very much and wants to buy it. But because he is in a hurry, it is inconvenient to buy stones. At Li's request, he named the stone "Nine Flowers in a Pot" and assigned seven melodies:

The power of Qingxi lost its peak, and the dream was still shocked.

Thousands of miles away, a pot of nine flowers.

Tianchi water layers fall, and the jade girl window is empty everywhere.

I'm so lonely and hate my swimming pool. I'll buy one hundred dollars for it.

The first six sentences of the poem describe the shape and charm of the stone, and the seventh sentence literally describes that his "Qiu Chi" stone is "too isolated", which actually refers to his love for "a pot of nine flowers"; The last sentence involuntarily revealed his desire to buy heavily.

I have been obsessed with "A Pot of Nine Flowers" ever since. A few years later, he was sent to work in Lianzhou (now Hepu, Guangxi). One day, when he was on his way to hukou, he rushed to Li Yuchen's house and wanted to spend a lot of money to buy it. Who knows that someone else bought it long ago, but it's a pity. In a depressed mood, the original rhyme wrote another melody:

When the horses on the riverside climb the Thousand Peaks, you will know that Hebei is in the northern sky when you hear the news.

The stunner has broken with the dream, and the true shape is still in the painting.

Come back late, as bright as Yuan, but I don't know who I am with.

Thanks to the bronze basin, the enemy pool is exquisite in jade color.

The first four sentences are about the helplessness of the beloved, and the last four sentences are about self-comfort in helplessness.

The year after Su Dongpo's death, Huang Tingjian, his good friend and protege, passed by Hukou. Li showed him two poems written by Su Dongpo. After reading it, Huang Tingjian was deeply moved. At the same time, in order to express gratitude to the teacher, Su Dongpo wrote a poem in the original rhyme:

Someone went up the mountain in the middle of the night and suddenly felt that the blue floating was warm and green.

How to arrange a luxury house, such as in the cloud?

It is safe to return to Zhao Bi, and it is impossible to enter Conan.

It is difficult to sweep the frost clock, so hang the sail and listen to the exquisite sound.

Thanks to Su Dongpo's appreciation, "a pot of nine flowers" became a famous stone in history. Lin, a collector of stone reliefs in the Ming Dynasty, included Su and Huang's Nine Flowers in a Pot and three poems, as well as the Ming Dynasty poet An's Nine Flowers in a Pot.

The flaky Cangshan is as strange in color as the mountain.

Although it is in the house, it is known by Baiyun.

Su Dongpo discovered the stone carving of "Nine Flowers in a Pot" in Lijia in the Tang Dynasty, and Lin included it in Suyuan Stone Spectrum in the Ming Dynasty. As far as we know, there are only three seven-melody poems and one quatrain. In the past 1000 years, there will be more unknowns. As the saying goes, you can tell the whole leopard by a glimpse. From the experience of "one pot with nine flowers", it can be shown that strange poems and stones are indeed a tradition of stone appreciation culture and history in China.