The old technology and new tricks, the heat pump air conditioner that Musk admired, finally used Model 3 this time!

Seriously, whether you love Tesla or hate Tesla, but without it in the car circle, we should watch less! Isn't this, is Tesla's "abnormal acceleration" incident in China changing? Models? The entry price is as low as 249,900 yuan. The new owner just likes to mention the lithium ferrous phosphate version, and his ass is not hot yet. What about the American model? 3 It has been updated again ... Why is this update called "interim change"? Waiting for the new model? 3? Before it's too late, the detective will talk to you about his opinion today.

■? Why is it called "mid-term change"

Bottom line: "Mid-term change" was invented by the media for the convenience of the title, which is more appropriate. Tesla didn't say that.

The words such as "annual reform, mid-term reform, major reform and replacement" played by traditional car companies are mainly classified according to the concepts of detail configuration, interior and exterior decoration, powertrain and platform, and some of them have a little taste of marketing. After all, "change, replacement" itself is a very eye-catching word, and change means a publicity opportunity.

Musk: Model? There is no "substitution" of X and S, only some small continuous improvement. The biggest change in recent years is to replace the precursor motor of S/X with a high-efficiency motor of more than 3, which was put into production three months ago.

On the other hand, Tesla, the public relations department in the United States was cut off, and a boss's Twitter account ran all over the world ... indicating that Tesla did not care about this iterative classification of products. In the previous article, the detective mentioned that Musk deliberately weakened the iterative vocabulary of products such as "changing models, changing models".

■? Sincere "mid-term change"

The reason why everyone is very concerned about this model? 3' s hardware update is because the hardware level update of Tesla's three models has never been like this one? Three is so dense. In the past, Tesla mostly upgraded the computing power of ADAS system, such as chips from MobileEye to Nivdia, and then to self-developed FSD, while Model? There is a difference between HW2.5 and HW3.0 because something happened in China at the beginning of this year. The car that should have been equipped with HW 3.0 gave 2.5 hardware, and everyone must have an impression.

There is a more important reason, model? This "mid-term change" has some upgrades aimed at comfort and practicality, as follows:

Do you see it? All for the current model? 3 hardware upgrades made by car owners in serious spit! Among them, double glass is obviously to reduce the noise in the car that is most criticized at present, while electric tailgate and dual mobile phone wireless charging are to enhance practicality.

It is extremely rare for Tesla to make up for the shortcomings of products simply by increasing hardware costs. Among them, I want to talk about heat pump air conditioning. After all, Musk is full of praise for this technology.

■? "Old" technology plays new tricks

We know that the traditional PTC heating is, in the final analysis, a hair dryer, which sends hot air into the car through heating resistance wires, and all the heat energy comes from the power battery, which is why most EV models are greatly discounted in winter (I am worried about the endurance performance of my Tucki P7 in winter). The heat pump air conditioner transports the heat of the outside air to the carriage, and transfers the heat from the low-temperature object to the high-temperature object by consuming electric energy.

The process of this cycle is roughly as follows: the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor to increase its temperature and energy, forming high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and then passing through the heat exchanger to transfer heat to the cold air in the car. In this process, the heat of the refrigerant will be consumed, and then sent to the condenser through the throttling device, and the evaporation process will absorb heat from the outside again, and then sent to the compressor, and so on.

In a word, heat pump air conditioning is quite sensational. This is not black technology. Products with the same principle have existed in the heating field for a long time, and only in recent years have they appeared on new energy vehicles. How much better is heat pump than PTC? Take a heat pump air conditioner in Denzo Electric Storage as an example, the power consumption is 1kW, which can reach the heating effect of PTC air conditioner of 2kW.

However, the efficient work of heat pump air conditioning is conditional-not too cold! Yes, the colder the weather, the lower the efficiency of heat pump air conditioning and the worse the heating effect ... just like moving things, the higher you move, the more tired you get. Fortunately, the current vehicle-mounted heat pump technology is more energy-saving than PTC heating at low temperature, that is, the heating speed will be affected with the decrease of temperature. Coupled with this technology that sounds "against the sky", the cost is not low, and the price is generally 3~4 times that of traditional air conditioners. It is no wonder that heat pump air conditioners have not become the mainstream in EV models.

For the shortcomings of heat pump air conditioning, Tesla's approach is also very straightforward-heat pump +PTC! Are you too cold to work? I will turn on PTC mode again. Isn't it wonderful that the two heating systems work together to learn from each other's strengths?

The following table shows the performance of heating efficiency of Tesla heat pump +PTC air conditioner at different external temperatures:

That's not all. Tesla's heat pump technology also has a very complicated 8-way valve, and its heat source includes battery pack and motor besides outside air. PTC heating also uses the low-voltage power supply system of 12V battery, which only plays the role of auxiliary heating. Tesla's heat pump +PTC technology has a heating efficiency of 1 at -30℃, which is equivalent to the power of traditional PTC heating and does not save electricity; When the temperature is between-10℃ and 10℃, the mixed heating mode will be adopted, and the heating efficiency at this time is between 1~2, which can save half of the electricity when it reaches 2; When the temperature exceeds 10℃, the heating efficiency will reach 1.5~5 if the heat pump system is completely adopted, and the maximum power saving will be 80%!

■? Waiting for the new model? 3?

After briefly introducing Tesla's heat pump +PTC technology, let's take a look at this model. 3' s endurance is improved:

The front mainly talked about heating. In fact, heat pump air conditioning is more energy-saving than traditional air conditioning in refrigeration. Is it a model this time? 3 In the case of no change in the battery pack, the endurance level has been improved to varying degrees, and the high probability is the effect brought by using heat pump +PTC air conditioning.

Maybe you will ask, such a high cost, model? 3 Can you hold it back? I think it's okay. First, the model? 3 There is enough profit margin, and Tesla's general direction is here, at least not let Model? 3 price increase; Second, heat pump +PTC is already in the model? Y has been applied, strictly speaking, this heat pump technology is in the model? The loading on the 3 is actually a kind of technology decentralization, so the cost pressure of Tesla is not as great as expected.

So how much can the battery life be improved after the domestic Tesla follows up the heat pump air conditioner in the future? My answer is: it will not increase. The reason may be ironic. ...

Because the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology measures battery life, it is not necessary to turn on the air conditioner!

■? Summary of Little Detective

Waiting for the new model? 3? It is not difficult to see from the speech of Tao Lin, global vice president of Tesla, that domestic models? The follow-up of 3 will not be realized in the short term.

Domestic models? Y is in the final finishing stage, and China's energy is put into this car with high probability. Domestic models? The battery pack, motor configuration and suppliers are different from those of the US version, and it will definitely take some time to adapt and verify. But models? Y has installed a heat pump air conditioner. Considering the high consistency of suppliers and parts of Y and 3, this is right for Model? The upgrade and follow-up of 3 is beneficial.

Personal guess model? It should not be upgraded this year. If you are only interested in Tesla's brand and assisted driving, I don't think it is necessary to wait; If you look at the brand, you really can't accept the current model? 3 car noise, and then wait.

Of course, all of the above are just guesses. After all, there is no guarantee that Tesla China will copy the US version of the upgrade project intact to China. For Tesla, don't believe any news released by unofficial channels. ...

This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.