What are the types of product managers

Categorized by product attributes

(1) Tool attributes ?

In fact, as far as most Internet or software products are concerned, they contain the most basic tool attribute. Because its birth as an artifact itself carries the purpose of the maker. The maker wants the user to use its product as a tool to solve some problem.

Requirements for product managers: tool-based products often have a strong purpose, based on problem solving, usually to improve efficiency, save time or reduce costs. Therefore, product managers need to have strong logical thinking, in the problem-solving level can be the most simple and effective way to get to the heart of the matter.

(2) Content attributes ?

Products that deliver information to users have content attributes. Products with this attribute establish a link between people and information, and basically consist of three parts: content production, content filtering and content display.

Requirements for product managers: product managers should start from these three aspects, product design to incentivize content production, data algorithms on the refinement of the content screening, interaction design on the reasonable distribution of traffic, to give users accurate content distribution.

(3) social attributes ?

The product that establishes the connection between people has social attributes. It basically contains the user relationship chain and the interactive behavior between users.

Requirements for product managers: in-depth understanding of psychology, a more thorough understanding of user behavior and motivation. Focus on the formation and maintenance of the user relationship chain, enrich and strengthen the interactive behavior between users.

(4) Transaction attributes ?

Products that contain transactional behavior have transactional attributes. This attribute establishes a link between people and goods/services.

Requirements for product managers: they need to be extremely clear and rigorous logical thinking, good at modularizing functions, and able to sort out complex transaction processes. And understand the user's shopping decision-making factors, can reflect the theory in the product design.

Categorized by device

(1) Mobile ?

Usually contains iOS end, Android end and H5 web end, need to understand in detail the ?iOS human-computer interaction guide? and Google's?Material Design specification.

(2) PC terminal

Usually, it includes web page terminal and PC client, and the interaction mode is different from that of mobile terminal.

Categorized by front-end and back-end

(1) Front-end ?

Generally refers to all users to see and use the interface, this concept is mainly to distinguish from the background.

(2) Backend ?

Usually refers to, and front-end products associated with the product for the staff to use the product, the need for product managers to have extremely clear logical thinking.

Categorized by user type

(1) To B products

This type of product is mainly for enterprise-level users, most of which are tool-based products. For example, the design of large ERP, large OA system may involve more than a dozen positions, dozens of modules, hundreds of processes, the need for product managers to have a strong abstract thinking and modular thinking.

(2) To C products ?

This type of product is mainly for mass level users. Compared to To B products, they pay more attention to the degree of UI beauty and smooth interaction experience. The product manager needs to understand the user's psychology better and pay attention to any tiny details.

Categorized by tool dimension

(1) live video

(2) video

(3) real-time audio

(4) audio recording

(5) pictures

(6) text

Currently, human beings have no more than three ways to transmit information: sound waves, text, images, and the above six classifications basically cover the current The above six categories basically cover the current presentation forms of most content products (VR is still in its infancy and is not included). Whether it is video, audio or images, text, they are all designed to better present the content, and each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. Product managers need to understand the characteristics of each type of tool in order to better integrate with the business of product design.

Categorized by job content

(1) Interactive Product Manager ?

The product manager whose work is based on interaction design is equivalent to an interaction designer.

(2) Requirements Product Manager ?

To analyze the requirements for the main work of the product manager, because large Internet companies often have interaction designers, so the product manager of which the most important work is often demand analysis.

(3) Strategic product managers?

Different companies may have different definitions, some may undertake the product of a certain part of the business level of the strategy, but also may carry out product global planning. At the same time, the strategy product manager may also include the responsibility of designing algorithms, which require the conversion of concrete requirements into abstract algorithms. This type of function has higher knowledge barriers than other product manager jobs, and requires knowledge of programming and understanding of program implementation principles.

(4) Commercial Product Manager

This type of product manager aims to earn more profit, planning and designing profitable functions, while also balancing the user experience to ensure a virtuous cycle of the product ecosystem. As a commercial product manager, you need to master a variety of product realization means (future articles will introduce in detail the commonly used means of realization and how to flexibly collocate different methods for realization).

? Classification by level

(1) Product Specialist/Product Assistant

Usually refers to the product newcomers within 0-2 years of entry, can not take charge of their own, the right to work smaller, usually only responsible for some small functional modules.

(2) Product Manager

This refers to product managers in a narrower sense, above the level of Product Specialist/Assistant and below the level of Senior Product Manager. Usually at this stage, the product manager has the ability to take charge of a larger product module or product line.

(3) Senior Product Manager

Large Internet companies often define the level, usually refers to the long years of work, skills higher than the ordinary product manager level. But in fact, this positioning and its fuzzy, there is no authoritative organization for title certification.

(4) Product Specialist

The same level is defined by large Internet companies, which is one level higher than Senior Product Manager, and the skills are higher than Senior Product Manager. At the same time, this position is extremely vague.

(5) Product Director

Often referred to as the product director, can control the whole product-related things.

By industry

(1) E-commerce

Standing attributes: tools + transaction;

Job market size: extremely large;

Development of the apex: extremely high (Alibaba, Jingdong, Amazon);

Transition barriers: high.

Related knowledge: logistics, warehousing, supply chain, commodity system, payment system, order system and so on.

The e-commerce industry belongs to the product manager is a better choice, more jobs, development potential. At the same time, if the e-commerce industry if you want to turn to other industries or other industries to the e-commerce industry or the difficulty is relatively high.

(2) social

Standing attributes: tools + social;

Job market size: medium;

Development of the apex: very high (Tencent, stranger, YY);

Transition barriers: high;

Related knowledge: the user relationship chain and inter-user interaction.

China's top social products are almost all in Tencent, so the apex of social product managers is still very high, but the upward path of social product managers is not as smooth as e-commerce. There are too few small social products and medium-sized social products, and it's still difficult to get to the Tencent level.

(3) Finance

Standing attributes: tools + transaction;

Job market size: large;

Development apex: very high (ant gold service, major banks, Yixin);

Transition barriers: very high;

Industry knowledge: finance-related knowledge.

Once in the financial deep like the sea, from now on socialization is a passer-by. Financial products have the highest barriers of almost any industry. You need to know a lot of financial knowledge, and the deeper you go, the more difficult it is to jump out. At the same time, financial products require very rigorous thinking, a little bit of small errors, may trigger the loss of hundreds of millions of dollars. Of course, the financial field development apex is also very high, and the salary is generally more lucrative than other industries.

(4) Education

Standing attributes: tools + content;

Job market size: large;

Development apex: high (New Oriental, Tencent Classroom, NetEase Classroom);

Transition barriers: medium;

Industry knowledge: the knowledge required for different areas of education is different.

Currently, there are more branches in the field of education, and there is no giant monopoly like social and e-commerce. In fact, the impact of electronic technology on education has just begun, and the potential for future development of education is very great.

(5) Enterprise Services

Standing attribute: tools;

Job market size: great;

Development apex: high (Microsoft, Neusoft, SAP);

Transition barriers: high;

Industry knowledge: the knowledge required for different fields is different.

(6) Healthcare

Standing attribute: tools;

Job market size: medium;

Development apex: medium (AliHealth, Dr. Clove, Good Doctor);

Transition barrier: medium;

Industry knowledge: knowledge related to medical field.

In fact, the medical and health field of the Internet is in a lagging state, probably because the medical field is still dominated by state-run hospitals, the degree of marketization is low, it is difficult to pry the traditional habits. But at the same time, the medical industry has the same huge potential as the education industry. I believe that with the development of the times, the medical and health care field will certainly be born out of the giant-class products.

(7) Culture and Entertainment

Standing attributes: tools + content + social;

Job market size: large;

Development apex: high (Tencent, YY, Ali Entertainment);

Transition barriers: low;

Industry knowledge: almost very little.

Culture and entertainment is a very huge field, and even the boundaries are blurred and not well defined. Sports, film and television, music and so on, randomly take out a product is a billion users. Such product managers do not have a very clear qualification, industry barriers are not very deep. Suggestions can choose a sub-field in-depth research, still can get high achievement.

(8) Travel and Tourism

Standing attributes: tools + transaction;

Job market size: medium;

Development of the apex: medium (where to go, Ctrip, eLong);

Transition barriers: medium;

Industry knowledge: knowledge of the tourism-related industry chain, knowledge of the impact of seasonal alternation on the travel and tourism.

The overall market size of tourism travel is very huge, and most of the behaviors in tourism products also belong to the transaction behavior. So the threshold for the e-commerce industry and the travel industry to jump on each other is still relatively low.

(9) data services

Standing attributes: tools;

Job market size: large;

Development apex: high (Ali cloud, Tencent cloud, Avery);

Transfer barriers: high;

Industry knowledge: you need to understand databases, and know the knowledge related to data collection, processing and analysis.

The prospects for this industry are very good, with the development of the Internet more and more companies are paying more attention to data analysis. If you want to be an expert in the field of data, you must know the relevant technical knowledge.

(10) media information

Standing attributes: tools + content;

Job market size: medium;

Development of the apex: high (today's headlines, Zhihu, Tencent news);

Transition barriers: low;

Industry knowledge: knowledge related to the media field.

This industry is a typical content-based industry, with relatively low industry barriers and less relevant specialized knowledge required.

Other industries continue to be organized ......

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