Introduction to the biographies of 10 characters in the Shiji or the Ziji Tongjian

1. Bo Yi Shu Qi - the second son of the ruler of Lone Bamboo at the end of Shang Dynasty. According to legend, his father's last order was to make his second son Shuji the heir. After the death of the king, Shuji gave up his throne to Bo Yi, who did not accept it, and Shuji did not want to take the throne, and fled to the Zhou Dynasty. When King Wu of Zhou conquered the Zhou Empire, the two of them knocked on the horse and warned against it. After King Wu destroyed the Shang Dynasty, they were ashamed to eat Zhou's corn and died of starvation on Shouyang Mountain. See Lü Shi Chun Qiu (The Spring and Autumn Annals of Lu Shi). Chenglian", "Historical Records", and "Bo Yi Lie Zhuan". The Chronicle of the Grand Historian (史记． The Analects of Confucius. Gongye Chang: "Bo Yi Shu Qi does not remember his old wrongs, and his complaint is with Xi." Xing Bing quoted "Spring and Autumn Shao Yang": "Bo Yi surname Mo, name Yun, the word Gongxin. Bo, long; Yi, posthumous. Shuji name Zhi, word Gongda, Bo Yi's brother, Qi also posthumous." In feudal society, they were regarded as a model for holding the integrity and keeping the will. 2 Wu Zixu - a military man and strategist who was a great warrior of the state of Wu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. His name was Yu (yun, the second tone of yun), and his character was Zixu. Spring and Autumn period of the state of Chu. It belongs to present-day Jianli County, and there is a statue of it outside the county's main station. It is also said that in Xiangfan City, Gucheng Lengji District Shenwan (originally Guanghua Fu countryside, in 1949 was transferred to Gucheng) people sealed in the land of Shen, so it is also known as Shen Xu. Wu Zixu's father's name was Wu She, and Wu Shi's brother's name was Wu Shang. Wu Zixu was the founder of the city of Gusu, according to the book "Wu Zixu - The Sage of Wondrous Strategies and Warfare". His grandfather's name was Wu Ju, and he was famous in the state of Chu because he was upright and admonitory when he served King Zhuang of Chu. 3 Laozi - (600 years ago - after 470 years ago) (the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty Wuding dynasty genghen February 15 dao time birth), surnamed Li name ear, the word Bo Yang, also known as Laozi, Chu state bitter county (now Anhui Huiyang, said Henan Luyi Lixiang Qu Ren Li) people, the Han ethnicity. He was a great philosopher and thinker in ancient China, the founder of the Taoist school, and a world cultural celebrity. Laozi, also known as Laozi, is said to have been called Laozi because he was born with white eyebrows and a white beard; he lived during the Spring and Autumn Period, and served as a historian (equivalent to the director of the National Library) in Luoyi, the capital of the Zhou Dynasty (present-day Luoyang, Henan Province). He was so learned and versatile that Confucius visited Luoyi to ask Laozi about his rites when he traveled around the world. In his later years, Laozi traveled westward on a green ox and wrote the 5,000-word Tao Te Ching (also known as Laozi) at Hangu Pass (located in present-day Lingbao, Henan Province), where he ended up in an unknown place. The Tao Te Ching is rich in dialectical ideas, and Laozi's philosophy, together with that of ancient Greece, constitutes the two sources of human philosophy, and Laozi is honored as the "Father of Chinese Philosophy" because of his profound philosophical ideas. Laozi's ideas were inherited by Zhuangzi, and together with Confucianism and later Buddhist thought, they formed the core of traditional Chinese thought and culture. After the emergence of Taoism, Laozi was honored as the "Supreme Lord Laojun"; from the Biography of the Immortals, Laozi was honored as an immortal. From the Han Dynasty onwards, successive emperors began to pay homage to Laozi in Huiyang, Anhui Province. There are more than 1,000 foreign versions of the Tao Te Ching, making it the Chinese book that has been translated into the most languages. 4 Han Fei Zi - a native of Korea in the late Warring States period (present-day Xinzheng, Henan Province, which is the former city of Zheng Han), one of the dukes of the Han royal family, Han Fei was a student of Xunzi along with Qin's prime minister, Li Si, according to the Records of the Grand Historian, who was skilled in the study of criminal names and legal skills. Han Fei was not good at speaking because of his stutter, but his writings were so outstanding that even Li Si was not as good as him. His writings are numerous and are mainly collected in the book Han Fei Zi (韩非子). Han Fei was a materialistic philosopher at the end of the Warring States period, and a master of Legalism, but was considered by the ancients to be a conspiracy scholar, and a large part of Han Fei's writings were about conspiracy. 5 Sima Rang Tho - his date of birth and death is not known, his surname was Tian, his name was Rang Tho, a native of Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period, he was a great generalissimo who was in charge of military affairs at the time of Duke Jing of Qi, so he was called Sima Rang Tho by the later generations. Sima Rang Tho was a famous military scientist and military theorist in the early period of China. Sima Rang Tho was the descendant of Tian Wan. Sima Rang Tho's state of Qi was the feudal state of Duke Lu Shang, and later destroyed the state of Lai, expanding the land to thousands of miles, and during the reign of Duke Huan of Qi from 685 to 643 BC, the state was so strong that it was the first one to become the hegemon of the Central Plains. After the death of Duke Huan of Qi, the internal conflicts of Qi intensified, the state power was slightly reduced, and lost its hegemonic status. 6 Sun Zi - a soldier, name Wu. His name was Changqing. Sun Wu, later honored as Sun Zi, Sun Wu Zi, Han Chinese. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Le'an (present-day Guangrao, Shandong, another Shandong Huimin) people, his birth and death date is not known, about the founder of Confucianism and Confucius (551 - 479 BC) belong to the same time or a little later. He was the author of Sun Tzu's book The Art of War. He and Wu Zixu were of the same period. 7 Zhang Yi, a native of Wei (present-day Kaifeng City, Henan Province), whose birth year is unknown, died in the first year of King Wu of Qin (310 B.C.), or in the second year of King Wu of Qin (309 B.C.). He was a descendant of the nobles of the state of Wei, and had studied the art of vertical and horizontal with Gigu Zi. His main activities should be after Su Qin, and he was a famous politician, diplomat and strategist in the Warring States period. 8. Lu Buwei was a merchant and businessman at the end of the Warring States period. He was honored as Zhongfu by Emperor Shi Huang for his contribution to his ascension to the throne. He was appointed as the prime minister of Qin, and he was so powerful that he had 3,000 diners in his residence. In order to make a name for himself, he asked the diners to compile a book called "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals", which was uniform in form but diversified in content, thus creating a miscellaneous style of writing. Later, he was dismissed from his post as a minister and demobilized from his fiefdom because of the case of Liao Yi. Fearing a rebellion, Emperor Shihuang wrote a letter severely reprimanding Lu Buwei, who was threatened to commit suicide. Lu Buwei's life fully embodied his characteristics as a businessman - shrewdness, he did everything for the benefit of the drive; also because of this, once his interests were jeopardized, he rallied to counterattack. invited a murder.

9. Zhang Yi (?

9. Zhang Yi (??????????????????????????????????????????????? Zhang Yi was a native of Wei and entered Qin at the time of King Hui of Wei. Zhang Yi was a native of Wei, and entered Qin when King Hui of Wei was in power. In the 10th year of Emperor Huiwen's reign (328 BC), Qin sent Zhang Yi and Gongzi Hua to attack Wei, and Wei ceded Shangxian County (present-day eastern Shaanxi) to Qin. In that year, Zhang Yi became the prime minister of Qin. In the thirteenth year of his reign, he became king and changed the name of the following year to the first year of his reign. In the second year of the reign, Zhang Yi met with the ruling ministers of Qi, Chu and Wei at □sang, and was then dismissed from his post as prime minister. In the following year, Zhang Yi met with Wei, and in the eighth year, he met with Qin. In the twelfth year, Zhang Yi was a prime minister of Chu, but later returned to Qin. After the death of King Huiwen and the establishment of King Wu, King Wu had a grudge against Zhang Yi, who left Qin for Wei in the first year of the reign of King Wu (the ninth year of the reign of King Xiang of Wei, 310 BC). According to the Bamboo Book Chronicle, Zhang Yi died in Wei in May of this year. 10. Introduction of Wei Qing ](? ~106 B.C.), Han nationality. Zi Zhongqing, a native of Pingyang, Hedong (southwest of Linfen, Shanxi, present-day west-central China) in the Western Han Dynasty (206 B.C.E.~8 A.D.), was a major general in the fight against the Xiongnu during the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and uncle of Huo Zaiwei. Wei Qing's father, Zheng Ji, was a county official who, while working in the household of Princess Pingyang, fornicated with her servant girl, Wei Old Woman, and gave birth to Wei Qing. Later, Wei Zifu, Wei Qing's half-sister, entered the palace to be favored by Emperor Wu of Han.