Spring Festival Customs in Jinggang Mountains

Hundreds of miles of different winds, ten miles of different customs, people admire the cradle of the revolution Jinggang Mountain has her own unique customs. Jinggang Mountain is located in the southern mountainous area of Jiangxi Province, the simple and hardworking people of Jinggang Mountain have created their own culture, in different periods of folk activities precipitated their mode of production, way of life and cultural ways. Recently, during the study period in Jinggang Mountain, I walked around the nearby cottages and houses, and also saw some folk culture markets and folklore activities, so I have some preliminary knowledge and understanding of the simple folkways and customs of the old region. Today collected and organized some of the traditional customs of Jinggangshan information, and hope to understand the Jinggangshan area folk **** enjoy friends. A festival customs

New Year's Eve before and after New Year's Eve in Jinggangshan soil, Hakka residents have a series of activities. December 24th folk residents home to send the God of the stove over the New Year, December 30th residents home to wait for the God of the stove. Sent to the God of the stove, are to play rice fruit, burning incense and candles, burning paper money, burning firecrackers and so on.

Lixia Festival Lixia day to eat "Lixia eggs", families, everyone should eat eggs. Some people also eat "Lixia dog", as the saying goes: "Eat Lixia son, hammer can not be killed; eat Lixia dog, two legs busy walking."

Dragon Boat Festival The fifth day of the fifth lunar month for the Dragon Boat Festival. Jinggangshan soil, Hakka folk over the Dragon Boat Festival to calamus, moxa leaves inserted in the door around, urban and rural areas generally do dumplings. The Dragon Boat Festival in the old days, a lot of activities. Is the day at noon, to draw yellow paper with vermilion sand charms pasted on the portal.

June 6, commonly known as "wash the dog's head" festival, the dog thrown into the water bath. In the past, the rich people "sunshine tickets", the average family sunshine clothes and bedding, etc., it is said that will not mildew, can prevent corrosion and insect moths.

Zhongyuan Festival, commonly known as the half of the seventh month, also known as the "Ghost Festival". Time for the lunar calendar July 14 (also customary 15 days). On this day, the native inhabitants of the married woman is not allowed to return to her mother's home, relatives and friends are not allowed to visit.

Mid-Autumn Festival Mid-Autumn Festival on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. Whenever the festival, the favorite friends and relatives are to give each other moon cakes, the newlyweds especially. On this day, every family kills chickens and ducks for a reunion dinner.

Chrysanthemum Festival On the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar, known as the "nine nine suns". The rural areas do sugar cake, salty cake congratulations. Chongyang Festival to honor the elderly, unit condolences to the retired elderly has become a trend. In the countryside, they give gifts to the elderly, wishing them a long and healthy life.

Winter Solstice Festival Local people use the Winter Solstice Festival to commemorate their ancestors, sweeping, repairing graves. It is also a good time for the native folk to "pickle", "wax" and "mold". Second, life customs

Digging asparagus

Digging asparagus, is Huang Au, Tsiping, Changping, under the seven mountain farmers around the Hakka favorite a collection of activities. After the eleventh month of the lunar calendar, asparagus begins to grow, people of Hakka origin go into the mountains to dig asparagus on their backs and with hoes in their hands.

Sweet Potato Rice

Sweet Potato Rice is a traditional staple food in the Jinggang Mountains. Before the liberation, a folk song was circulated in the area: "Sweet Potato Rice, Wooden Charcoal Fire, Except for the Immortals, it's me". This ballad reflects the poverty of the Jinggang Mountain area and the will of the mountain residents to pursue a minimum subsistence life.

Pounding rice with a spoon pestle

A spoon pestle is a tool used by the Hakka people in Jinggang Mountain to pound rice. In the old days, people used stones as mortars and wooden sticks as pestles to pound rice. Commonly used are hand pestle and foot pestle. Mountain people in the foot pestle based on the use of mountain springs fall, installed without manpower "automatic" Ya, a day can pound a quintal of grain, than the foot pestle to save time and effort, exclusive use of a single-family, very convenient.

Rice Soup Paste Quilt

The native people like to use rice soup paste quilt when they wash the quilt. Rice soup slurry quilt is the quilt in the clear water river, pond, wash, wring dry, placed in a basin, pour into the rice soup, repeated rubbing, so that every place in the quilt are stained with rice soup, and then wring dry, can be cooled in the sun.

Hunting

Hakka people hunting activities more use of the winter and spring seasons of the farm time. The number of people hunting 5 - 10 people, as many as dozens of people, into the destination, generally people divided into two actions: one for the "squatting mouth", guarding the wild beasts in and out of the main road; the second for the "copied the mountain", commanding the hounds over the mountains and mountains to drive out the prey.

Building

The rituals of building a new house for the inhabitants of Jinggangshan have customs such as entering the table, rounding the house, putting on the beam, and crossing the fire.

Kiln festival

The people of the soil burning brick kiln, kiln maker master kiln, ignition is very careful, there is a set of customs passed down from generation to generation, called "festival kiln". General "festival kiln", in fact, is sacrificed to the fire god. Third, the marriage ceremony customs

Men marry women, there are three main procedures: First, betrothal. Men and women to a certain age, by their parents to matchmaking, both parties intend to write down the birthdate (commonly known as "eight") please fortune-teller together "eight", such as "eight" match, both parents Secretly inquire about the other side of the family and character, the two sides are satisfied that the marriage is finalized. Second, the line of recruitment. After the two sides set the marriage, the man will be the bride price and choose the wedding date sent to the woman's home, known as the "next set". The bride price how much both sides agreed, the poor only send a symbolic bride price, the rich bride price is generous, there are chickens, ducks, wine, meat, cloth, cash and gold and silver jewelry. Third, meet the bride. Welcome the purpose of the marriage, both men and women have set up a banquet to entertain friends and relatives, said: "marriage wine", "marrying a woman wine". The male side of the marriage, regardless of wealth, all have sedan chair, accompanied by suona, drums and music will be the bride back. When a woman gets married, it is customary to cry for her hand in marriage, commonly known as "crying for the daughter-in-law". Four days or two days before a woman's wedding, she is accompanied by a female companion, and the bride sings a song about crying for marriage, expressing her attachment to her parents, relatives and townspeople. If you don't cry, you'll be considered a "starving bride".

Jinggangshan native people get married, in addition to other places in the house and outside the house posted on the big red wedding couplets, but also in the bride's sedan chair to meet the bride carried back before the shrine or the groom's home hanging above the door of a rice sieve, rice sieve inside the rope tied to hang a rice ruler, a mirror and a pair of scissors. Meaning that the bride to the in-laws should be like the rice sieve sieve rice a little bit of patience, change the shortcomings, to achieve family harmony, and at the same time to learn to weave and sewing and women must do things, and gradually make themselves like a mirror as radiant, gentle and wise. On the contrary, that will be like scissors cut silk thread like cutting the marriage between the two with the groom - repudiation. This kind of Crouching Tiger ditch people's marriage customs, many villages have been continued to this day.

Recruitment is also a traditional wedding customs of Jinggangshan native people. Recruitment that is the male married to the female, neither the three checks, six gifts, no cumbersome marriage procedures, men and women did not have a gift to the past, the general self-care. Before marriage, a contract (commonly known as the word), written after the children and property inheritance issues. Before the liberation of the woman must ask the family elders to come to discuss matters related to the recruitment of family, which is relevant to the condition that the man must be called the woman's surname, take a woman's generation, so that you can get the woman's family brother's identity, access to the men of the same treatment. After liberation, the new affairs, abolished these unequal rights in life. However, weddings are still generally hosted by the woman. And promote the one-woman family man to the woman's side of the household. Fourth, funeral customs

Funeral customs in the local native people have a long history. Mountain masses are always in the form of burial, mainly because of the rich forest resources here, the mountain land resources. In the funeral, roughly divided into: mourning, coffin, wake, burial and other four procedures.

Mourning: commonly known as "mourning". After the death of the old man, the filial son dressed in plain clothes, head and feet (shoes, hats) with a white cloth, said that there is a funeral, the first report family (the village) to guard the body (vigil); and then to the main relatives of each family to report the funeral. By the main relatives and family elders agreed to seal the coffin (coffin), do "down to the ground rice" and other related matters.

Into the coffin: commonly known as "sealing the coffin". Before the coffin should be prepared for the coffin, coffin, coffin is the outer cauldron, the coffin is the inner cauldron (commonly known as the free bed), the coffin is rarely prepared, the coffin is indispensable. If it is a woman, you must go through the grandmother's family to check the coffin and clothing before the coffin. Clothing before the coffin, generally known as male single female double. In doing "down to the ground rice", agreed on the burial time and all related matters. Very difficult economic families, do not do "down to rice".

Mourning: also known as the wake. After sealing the coffin, the family went back to the filial son to personally guard the spirit, bed thatched pillow block (rituals, funeral clothes), can not leave the spirit of the hall, some people come to offer condolences, at any time kneeling to thank.

Burial: generally choose a burial date. Some special circumstances, do not choose an auspicious period, within three days of burial, called "three days no taboo". Old society burial, generally have to do the dojo. Do dojo, dojo program, dojo by the priests of their own ideas, few people know. Filial family only prepared spirit house, library box and other things burned to the deceased. Rituals are divided into large and small rituals, the large rituals should be three speeches and three readings, and invite a number of knowledgeable people, commonly known as "rituals of life". If the "point of the Lord", "sue the East" must be invited to have seniority, political status to preside over the local reputable patriarchs, such as the male can only be held. Small sacrifices only two or three people can be invited, this form for the ordinary family adopted, the old society after burial, filial son needs to keep mourning for three years, known as mourning, build a tomb and snail. Five, regional taboos

The first day of the first month, avoid saying "less" or no, not to the outside water, not to the outside sweeping.

Woman in menstruation, avoid pregnant women into the room.

Men are not allowed to walk under the bamboo poles with women's clothes and pants in the sun.

The first three days of the New Year is commonly known as the "poor ghost day", avoid meeting guests to visit relatives.

The first five, fourteen, twenty-three days of the first month of the lunar calendar, avoid going out. Commonly known as "the fifth, fourteen, twenty-three, outside the money are not going to take."

The number of the most taboo eight: go out as a guest, the number of people generally unlimited, but shall not meet eight, so that the guests can be 6, 7, 9 bowls of food, and avoid using 8 bowls, gifts can not be just eight colors. Meaning that the "eight" for the number of dead people carrying coffins, is unlucky number.

On the day of the wedding, the bride's sedan chair came to the door, women wrapped in a handkerchief should be removed; the bride's sisters-in-law, sisters should be avoided for a moment do not see; the bride's mother-in-law can not walk into the kitchen, to go to the vegetable garden to go, meaning that the "avoidance of the gas", called to protect family unity.

The death of a foreigner, the body or official bier can not enter the hall into the ancestral hall, to be placed outside the house, meaning that no foreign ghosts into the house.

Hunting day, the hunter avoided talking about hunting in the kitchen, when you go out, you must start with the left foot first, to ensure safety.

Kiln maker avoided in the big river or social, altar and temple for people burning kiln.

摘茶梓忌东家烹食东瓜、南瓜，俗说吃了瓜上山，下岭就会打滑、摔交。

Taboo crows, commonly known as crows, omen of death.

Taboo eyelid jumping, commonly known as eyelid jumping, there will be trouble, commonly known as "right eye jumping trouble".