What are the main programs, settlements, dress code, and food habits of the Manchu?

1, the main program:

Many festivals of the Manchu are the same as those of the Han Chinese. The main Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, February 2, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. Festivals are generally held during the pearl ball, jumping horse, jumping camel and ice skating and other traditional sports activities.

Jinzhi: is the Manchu "clan celebration" day. 1635 lunar October 13, Huang taiji issued a decree, officially changed the clan name "female" for "Manchuria", which marks a new ethnic **. This marks the formation of a new national **** same body. Manchu compatriots in all parts of the lunar calendar October 13, the name of the Manchurian Day spontaneously held commemorative activities to commemorate the birth of the Manchurian people.

Shangyuan Festival: that is, the 15th day of the first month, commonly known as the "Lantern Festival". The same as the Han Chinese, the Manchu also have the Lantern hanging lanterns and eat Lanterns custom.

Go Hundred Diseases: Manchu women's festival. Generally on the twentieth day of the first month. That night, the women in groups of three to five, accompanied by the far continent, or walking sand and ice, or playful and playful, called "walk a hundred diseases".

Tim Warehouse Festival: every year on the 25th day of the first month, the Manchu rural households to cook sticky sorghum rice, placed in the warehouse, with broomcorn millet stick weaving a small horse inserted in the rice bowl, meaning that the horse to the home of the pack food, food and clothing. The first day, then add new rice, even add three times. Some people also use sorghum straw to make two hoes inserted in the rice. This festival is still retained in the rural areas of the Northeast.

February 2: commonly known as "dragon head-raising day". On the morning of that day, the Manchu people spread the stove ash in the yard, ash path curved like a dragon, so called "lead dragon". Then held a ceremony in the courtyard, praying for good weather. The whole family also eat "dragon beard noodles" and "dragon scale cake". Women are not allowed to do needlework on this day.

The King of Bugs Festival: In June, there is an infestation of bugs. In the past, the Manchu people living in the area of Xiuyan and Fengcheng in Liaoning Province made a pilgrimage to the Temple of the Insect King on the sixth day of the sixth month of the year, killing a pig and sacrificing it to beg the Insect King to avoid disasters and ensure a good harvest. Today, not to engage in the Bug King Festival ritual sweeping activities, but the family to dry clothes on this day, in order to prevent insect infestation. Zhongyuan Festival: The Manchus celebrate the 15th day of the 7th month as Zhongyuan Festival, which is also regarded as the "Ghost Festival" for overcoming the spirits of the dead. At that time, the various monasteries set up dojo, burning lamps and read scriptures, to hold a variety of superlative rituals. In the courtyard, a wooden screen is set up on the west side to the east, and on the screen, there are cocklebur flowers, bean curd branches, fresh lotus roots, etc., which are used for the moon rabbits. In front of the screen, there is an eight-immortal table with a big moon cake on it. At the time of the festival, incense is burned and heads are bowed, women first and men second.

Kaisan Festival: the Manchu people in the fall of each year after the Mid-Autumn Festival, or the lunar calendar in mid-September (the exact time is not certain) for the collection of herbs to obtain a good harvest of blessed activities. In the past, in the northeastern Manchu villages, every year in the mountain festival to face the Changbai Mountain, blessing prayer, thanks to the God of the mountain to give the rich gift of medicine pickers, and then the ginseng harvested during this period to be enshrined in their own shrines.

Laiba Festival: Manchu people should make "Laiba vinegar" and cook "Laiba meat" on the eighth day of the eighth month of the lunar calendar. In addition to the family to eat but also to send friends and relatives.

Small year: the custom of the small year of the Manchu and the Han Chinese. The twenty-third day of the waxing moon for the "small year". At that time, every family should worship the God of the stove, commonly known as "send the stove king".

2, settlement: northeast China, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang

3, dress features: historically, Manchu men wore robes and coats with horseshoe sleeves, the waist bundle sash, or wear robes outside the lapel coat, wearing a cool hat in the summer, and leather sloppy hat in winter. Clothes like to use green, blue, brown and other colors of cotton, silk, silk, satin and other textures of the clothing material production, trouser legs tie green leg bands, feet wear cotton boots or leather boots, winter wear leather Ula. The top is left braided and the surrounding hair is shaved.

Women like to wear foot-long cheongsam or kangsam. Clothing like to use a variety of colors and patterns of silk, flower satin, rosa or cotton and linen clothing made. Some of the cheongsam face embroidered into a set of patterns, more in the lapel, cuffs, neckline, hem set with multiple layers of fine lace. They wear white socks, embroidered shoes with flowerpot soles, and leggings with leg bands of various colors such as green, red, and pink. They wear their heads and wings in a two-handled bun or a flag bun. They like to wear earrings, bracelets, rings, headpins, big pompoms, sideburns and other decorations. Manchu men and women love to hang ornaments on their waists or the lapels of their clothes. Men have fire sickles, ear spoons, toothpicks, eyeglass cases, fan belts. Women have scented pouches, wallets and so on. Most of the satin sewing, color varieties, beautifully made. After the entry, Manchu cheongsam has been common among Chinese women.

4, eating habits: the Manchu diet of many varieties, unique flavor. Manchu cooking to roast, grilled, specializing in raw sauce (sauce). Vegetables vary with the seasons, mixed with wild vegetables (rose artemisia, montana, etc.) and mushrooms. Manchu ancestors good fishing and hunting, rituals, in addition to poultry, livestock meat, and deer Lian, Zhang, leopard, geese, fish and so on. Especially like to eat pork. Pork boiled in white water, called "white boiled meat". Set up a big feast with roasted whole sheep. Manchu people avoid eating dog meat. Do not wear a dog skin hat, all things made of dog skin are prohibited. It is said that the dog saved the life of the ancestors of the Manchu, so the Manchus have special feelings for the dog.