What poetic language styles are there?

Question 1: What are the characteristics of the language and style of poetry?

The language style of ancient poets can be summarized as follows:

◎ For example, The Book of Songs is the source of realism, and The Songs of Chu (Qu Yuan's works) is the source of romanticism. The ancient poems in Han Dynasty are full of sadness, and the poems of three Cao (Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi) are desolate and vigorous. Wang Wei's poems are subtle and vivid, while frontier poems (represented by Gao Shi and Cen Can) are magnificent and extraordinary. ◎ Li Bai's cynical life and fresh and elegant style; ◎ Du Fu's poems pay attention to the life of the country and people, and have a gloomy and frustrated style. ◎ In Lotte's poems, both refined and popular tastes are shared; ◎ Li He's poems are fantastic and changeable; ◎ The poem of Yishan (Li Shangyin) is beautiful and elegant; ◎ Du Mu's poems are subtle and graceful; ◎ A group of "Huajian School" poets (Wei Zhuang, Ouyang Jiong, Li Xun, Sun Kexian, etc. ), represented by Wen, has both agricultural flavor style. Li Yu's poems are sad but delicate and touching. ◎ Yong Shu (Ouyang Xiu)' s words are beautiful and beautiful, and the words are close to family. ◎ Wen Xi (Fan Zhongyan) is desolate and tragic, Yan Shu is clear, Su Shi is vigorous and bold, Liu Yong is sentimental, the valley (Huang Tingjian) is smooth and natural, Qin Guan is sincere and sincere, Yi An (Li Qingzhao) is graceful and graceful, and Cheng Zhai (Yang Wanli) is sincere and sincere. ◎ Lu You, known as Xiao Taibai, is bold and unrestrained, clear and smooth; Jia Xuan (Xin Qiji)' s ci style not only has a magnificent theme, but also many works are euphemistic and implicit. In addition, Jiang Kui, a metrical poet, is meticulous, graceful and profound. ...

Question 2: What are the main styles of ancient poetry language? Wang Wei's poems are implicit and vivid, while Cheng Zhai's words are fresh and lively. ◎ Lotte (Bai Juyi) poems appeal to both refined and popular tastes, and there are fresh and elegant works, such as Sun Kexian. ). The style of ci has both a soft and fragrant side and a depressed and frustrated side. The ancient poems of Han Dynasty are full of sadness. Yi An (Li Qingzhao) is graceful and sorrowful, while Ouyang Jiong's and Li He's poems are fantastic and diverse, with Cen Can as the representative. It can be simply summarized as follows: the ancients (Huang Tingjian) are fluent and natural, Qin Guan's poems are sincere and sincere, and frontier poems (both elegant and tactful) ◎ What are the characteristics of the language and style of Du Fu's poems about the country and the people? On the language style of ancient poets, the style is unrestrained. The cynical life in Li Bai's poems. ◎ Xi Wen (Fan Zhongyan) is desolate and tragic; Jia Xuan (Xin Qiji)' s ci style transcends the majestic theme. ◎ Yong Shu's poems are beautiful and beautiful, and the words are close to feelings: ◎ For example, The Book of Songs is the source of realism, with fresh and elegant style; ◎ Yan Shu's poems are clear and sparse, and xelloss's; ◎ Chu Ci (Qu Yuan's works) is the source of romanticism, clear and smooth; Du Mu's poems are subtle and graceful, while Li Xun's and Cao Zhi's poems are desolate and vigorous; ◎ In addition, Jiang Kui, a metrical poet, is cautious, a group of "Huajian" poets represented by Wen (Wei Zhuang), Lu You, who is known as Xiao Taibai, and Su Shi's poems are vigorous and bold. Li Yu's poems are sad but delicate and touching. ◎ Yishan's poems are beautiful and elegant.

Question 3: Characteristics of poetic language

1. Simple, simple and natural

Direct statement with exact words, or sketch without modification, true, profound and approachable. Language strives for plainness, does not pursue rhetoric, shows simple characteristics, but contains profound meanings.

2 implicit and meaningful, implicit and euphemistic

Don't say the meaning directly, but hide it in the image, so that readers can imagine and think.

3 fresh and bright, subtle and elegant.

Use beautiful language to create beautiful artistic conception and express happy mood. Its artistic realm is like the green willow color after heavy rain and the glittering and translucent water drops trembling on the lotus leaf.

4. Vivid image

The language of poetry is often touching because of its vivid images.

5. Gorgeous and elegant

Colorful and unpredictable, this is gorgeous and elegant beauty.

6 elegant and exquisite

It embodies the characteristics of "qu, thin and soft", that is, the winding path is secluded, the emotional appeal is lingering, and the lyric is as fine as spinning silk.

7 humor and satire

This refers to humorous, witty or spicy style and interest in poetry.

8. powerful

Strong backbone, magnificent mountains and rivers, engulfed by the universe, open-minded, magnificent spirit, magnificent momentum, heroic spirit, resolute and vigorous. Some are open-minded and full of lofty sentiments. Boldness is the era style of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, which embodies the prosperous scene and vitality of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

9. Be bold and unconstrained

Bold and unrestrained is called bold and unrestrained. Its characteristics not only show the characteristics of the poet as the subject, but also show the characteristics of the depicted object as the object. As far as the subject matter is concerned, its performance is: emotional agitation, high style; Imagination is strange and exaggerated; Ambitious and broad-minded; Floating universe, tug-of-war mountain; Arrogant and rough, wild and unrestrained. As far as the object is concerned, it is often huge in size and strength, showing its unique grandeur and sublimity, or showing an endless boundless scene, so it is magnificent, magnificent and boundless. Su Shi and Xin Qiji are outstanding representatives of the uninhibited school of Song Ci. Su Shi's ci pays attention to integrating impassioned, tragic and desolate feelings into his ci, and is good at winning with heroic images, flying momentum and vast and magnificent scenes when writing people and chanting things.

10. Depressed

When the poet is thoughtful and full of anger, he becomes depressed. Depression refers to the profundity, richness, anxiety and suggestibility of emotions. Sadness is the main content of Du Fu's gloomy poems. His sorrow is not only personal, but also national, national and people's. Therefore, this kind of sadness has rich emotional levels, which makes his melancholy gain deep emotion and lofty value.

1 1.

Touching the scene, hurting people when seeing things, tragic and generous, this is called sadness. The poet laments the ever-changing diseases, the speed of time passing, witnessing the depth of people's disasters, bearing the ups and downs of fate, suppressing the anger of unpaid ambitions, and lamenting the people who are concerned about the country and the people in the song are all called sadness. It can be seen that compassion is the voice of the times and the cry of poets. Facing the turbulent reality, the poet has sympathy out of a serious sense of responsibility.

12. junshuang

Handsome means handsome, handsome and fluent. The representative poet is Du Mu. His poems run through the past and the present, looking forward to the future, talking about history, beating up the shortcomings of the times, summing up lessons, worrying about the country and the people, holding the ambition of supporting the sky, and feeling that there is no way to serve; On the other hand, it is vigorous and bold, chic and romantic, elegant and refreshing.

13. Dilution

Dilute, harmonious and indifferent, with the characteristics of leisure, silence, indifference and far-reaching. Wang Wei's landscape poems are characterized by leisure, tranquility, lightness and remoteness. He is a master of dilution.

14. Broad

Broad-minded, that is, bold, popular and open-minded, chic and elegant, noble and unique, and the representative writer is Su Shi.

Question 4: What are the linguistic features of ancient poetry, such as Song Qi's "Red Apricot Branches in Spring", which is well used and shows the specific characteristics of apricot flowers: bright, warm and red as fire, giving people a noisy feeling, and also showing the lively scene of bees flying butterflies on apricot branches.

2. Implicit. Its characteristic is to hide thoughts and feelings in images, so as to achieve "implied meaning" and "incoherent and endless meaning", such as Li Shangyin's Chang 'e, "mica screen candle shadow is deep, the long river is gradually falling, and the stars are sinking. Chang' e should regret stealing the elixir, the sky is high and the clouds are light, and the night is bright and cool. " This poem is very implicit, which is a denial of seeking immortality and learning Taoism at that time. Chang 'e stole the elixir that Hou Yi asked the Queen Mother of the West, became a fairy, and entered the Moon Palace to live forever. But living under the blue sky, alone, very lonely. What's the point of living forever?

3. refining. It is characterized by summarizing rich content with the least language and using meticulous words. For example, Ma Zhiyuan's "Tianjingsha Qiu Si" has 28 words and describes five groups of pictures. Every picture has a center, and the center of the whole picture is "people (heartbroken people)"

4. Fresh. Its characteristics are novel language and unconventional. Freshness is generally used in landscape poetry. Generally, the poetic style is distinct, the language is popular, the metaphor is novel and unique, and it contains the author's joy. The fresh wind is common in the following poems. First, for most pastoral poets, Tao Qian's poems are mainly dull and sometimes fresh, while Wang Wei and Meng Haoran's poems are relatively fresh.

5. Plain, also known as plain. It is characterized by direct statement with exact words, or sketching, unadorned, true, profound and approachable. Plain is different from mediocrity and plain. It is the deep feelings and rich thoughts expressed in simple language, full of affection, so it is often dull and thoughtful. As Wang Anshi said, it seems the most bizarre, but in fact it is easy to achieve but difficult.

Tao Yuanming is the first plain poem, and few people can write plain poems. Li Yu's ci is definitely not dull, on the contrary, it has strong emotional power.

6. Great. It is characterized by rich rhetoric, gorgeous literary talent and fantastic feelings. Such as Du Mu's "Jiangnan Spring".

For example, a spring outing in Qiantang Lake: A few early warblers compete for warm trees, whose family is Chun Yan chopping spring mud.

7. Bright. It is characterized by firmness and decisiveness. Such as Bai Juyi's "Selling Charcoal Weng". Nothing is brighter than Bai Juyi. Others, such as implication and conciseness, are not unique to that poet. Most poets have some more or less. In fact, when doing a problem, we often can't separate a feature, but often put it together, such as simplicity, freshness and simplicity. And the language style of poetry is far from being summarized by these words.

8. Concise. It is characterized by neatness and conciseness. For example, Jia Dao's "Li Ning's Seclusion". Speak clearly as a language.

Question 5: What language style is Bing Xin's poems famous for? Bing Xin's works are graceful, light, elegant, concise and fluent, with high artistic expression and higher achievements than novels and poems. This unique style was once called "Ice Heart Body" by people at that time, which had a wide influence.

Question 6: What language styles are fresh, simple, elegant, simple, gorgeous, gorgeous, humorous, lively, humorous, solemn, simple, concise, accurate, vivid, concise, refined, subtle, distinctive, popular and vivid? It is characterized by the description of objects, which makes people feel realistic when reading.

For example, the word "noisy" in Song Qi's "Red Apricot Branches in Spring" is particularly well used, which shows the specific characteristics of apricot flowers: bright, warm and red as fire, giving people a feeling of noisy, and also showing the lively scene of bees flying butterflies on the branches of apricot flowers.

2. Implicit. Its characteristic is to hide thoughts and feelings in images, so as to achieve "implied meaning" and "incoherent and endless meaning", such as Li Shangyin's Chang 'e, "mica screen candle shadow is deep, the long river is gradually falling, and the stars are sinking. Chang' e should regret stealing the elixir, the sky is high and the clouds are light, and the night is bright and cool. " This poem is very implicit, which is a denial of seeking immortality and learning Taoism at that time. Chang 'e stole the elixir that Hou Yi asked the Queen Mother of the West, became a fairy, and entered the Moon Palace to live forever. But living under the blue sky, alone, very lonely. What's the point of living forever?

3. refining. It is characterized by summarizing rich content with the least language and using meticulous words. For example, Ma Zhiyuan's "Tianjingsha Qiu Si" has 28 words and describes five groups of pictures. Every picture has a center, and the center of the whole picture is "people (heartbroken people)"

4. Fresh. Its characteristics are novel language and unconventional. Freshness is generally used in landscape poetry. Generally, the poetic style is distinct, the language is popular, and the metaphor is novel and unique, which contains the author's fear and joy. The fresh wind is common in the following poems. First, most pastoral poets, Tao Qian's poems are mainly plain and sometimes fresh, while Wang Wei's and Meng Haoran's poems are relatively fresh.

5. Plain, also known as plain. It is characterized by direct statement with exact words, or sketching, unadorned, true, profound and approachable. Plain is different from mediocrity and plain. It is the deep feelings and rich thoughts expressed in simple language, full of affection, so it is often dull and thoughtful. As Wang Anshi said, it seems the most bizarre, but in fact it is easy to achieve but difficult.

Tao Yuanming is the first plain poem, and few people can write plain poems. Li Yu's ci is definitely not dull, on the contrary, it has strong emotional power.

6. Great. It is characterized by rich rhetoric, gorgeous literary talent and fantastic feelings. Such as Du Mu's "Jiangnan Spring".

For example, a spring outing in Qiantang Lake: A few early warblers compete for warm trees, whose family is Chun Yan chopping spring mud.

7. Bright. It is characterized by firmness and decisiveness. Such as Bai Juyi's "Selling Charcoal Weng". Nothing is brighter than Bai Juyi. Others, such as implication and conciseness, are not unique to that poet. Most poets have some more or less. In fact, when doing a problem, we often can't separate a feature, but often put it together, such as simplicity, freshness and simplicity. And the language style of poetry is far from being summarized by these words.

8. Concise. It is characterized by neatness and conciseness. For example, Jia Dao's "Li Ning's Seclusion". Speak clearly as a language.

Question 7: What is the general classification of ancient poetry by language style? What reference books are there? Waiting for … The use of classical poetry mainly has the following language styles:

1. Of course

That is, the language is inadvertently modified and the allusions are not piled up. For example, Yuan Mei's Moss: "The sun is everywhere, and youth has just come from moss as small as one meter and learned peony." This poem is all sketches without modification, which not only draws the shape of moss, but also shows the god of moss, and even writes the poet's personality spirit.

Fresh and natural

That is, people say that "clear water produces hibiscus, and it is naturally carved." For example, Wang Wei's "Birds Singing in the Stream": "When people are idle, osmanthus flowers fall, when the night is still, birds sing in the spring stream". The whole poem uses fresh and natural language to show the changes of moonlight and sound in nature in detail.

Subtle and euphemistic

That is, they don't say what they mean directly, but express their true meaning euphemistically. For example, Li Shangyin's "A Short Message to Friends in the North on a Rainy Night": "When you ask about the untimely return date, why do you want to go to the autumn pond to cut the candle at the west window, but talk about the rain at night?" The thoughts and greetings between husband and wife who live far apart, and the desire for a long talk at home are all obvious and hidden in the blank.

4. Vivid image

That is to say, use the language of drawing shapes, sounds and colors to describe or portray the objects written. For example, Li Bai's Looking at Lushan Waterfall, "Flying down three thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days", vividly shows the magnificent scenery of Lushan Waterfall, which is magnificent and open.

Above, the author makes a rough classification and appreciation of classical poetry from five aspects, aiming at inspiring candidates to open their minds and reserve relevant knowledge points, so as to master the methods and laws of appreciating poetry from multiple angles. It should be noted that the appreciation of classical poetry is often not single and isolated, which requires candidates to evaluate poetry because of poetry, people and things, and to understand, excavate and reveal it through various appreciation methods.