What is the difference between concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid to synthesize ethyl acetate?

Generally, the catalyst for esterification reaction uses acidic substances, such as protonic acids: concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrogen chloride, phosphoric acid and sodium bisulfate. ...

There are Lewis acids: ferric chloride, aluminum chloride, zinc chloride, antimony chloride, ferric sulfate, aluminum sulfate and so on, including all kinds of things with crystal water. Sulfuric acid is the most traditional catalyst with a yield of about 56%. The yield of concentrated hydrochloric acid is about 61%; Phosphoric acid is about 43%

It is worth noting that with Lewis acid, the yield will be very high, in which Al2(SO3)? When 18H2O was used as catalyst, the yield was as high as 97%.

Most Lewis acids can be reused, so now chemical plants use ferric chloride as catalyst to produce ethyl acetate.

As for the experimental equipment and steps, it is the same as concentrated sulfuric acid, the only difference is that the collection device is connected with an inverted funnel and placed above the liquid level of sodium carbonate solution. Concentrated sulfuric acid will absorb the moisture in the air, which will increase the quality of the solution, but the concentration of the solution will decrease. This situation of concentrated sulfuric acid is called acid running. Concentrated hydrochloric acid will continuously precipitate hydrogen chloride, which will form a white mist of hydrochloric acid smoke with moisture in the air. The first method to reduce the concentration of hydrochloric acid solution: concentrated hydrochloric acid is volatile, and it is a volatile acid by using the difference of physical properties between them; Concentrated sulfuric acid is a nonvolatile acid. Open the bottle cap of concentrated hydrochloric acid reagent bottle, and the solute in concentrated hydrochloric acid: hydrogen chloride gas (HCl) will volatilize from its aqueous solution. When it meets the moisture in the air, it will dissolve into it again and form many small hydrochloric acid droplets again. When it is suspended in it, it will release a lot of heat ... Because the mass fraction of concentrated hydrochloric acid is about 37%, the solution also contains a lot of water, while the mass fraction of concentrated sulfuric acid is 98%, and there is almost no water. Therefore, dropping concentrated hydrochloric acid into concentrated sulfuric acid will release a lot of heat and produce a lot of white fog. However, there is no obvious phenomenon when concentrated sulfuric acid is dropped into concentrated sulfuric acid.