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Feng Zikai (1898.1.9-1975.9.15) was originally named Feng Run, also known as Feng Ren, who was born in Shimen Town, Tongxiang, Zhejiang. China's modern famous painter, writer, art and music educator is a master of literature and art with many achievements. After liberation, he served as executive director of China Artists Association, chairman of Shanghai Branch of Artists Association, president of Shanghai China Painting Academy and vice president of Shanghai Foreign Culture Association. It is praised by international friends as "the most artistic art in modern China". Feng Zikai's unique cartoon works have great influence and are deeply loved by people. His works are profound and intriguing.

I like art since I was a child. I entered the Provincial First Normal School on 19 14 to study painting and music, from Li Shutong. 19 18 autumn, Li Shutong became a monk in the Hupao Temple in Hangzhou, which had a great influence on his thoughts. 19 17 Organize a children's painting party with classmates. 19 19 After graduating from normal school, she and several classmates founded Shanghai Normal College in Shanghai and served as drawing teachers. 192 1 year made a short visit to Japan to study painting, music and foreign languages. 1922 returned to China to teach art and music in chunhui middle school, Shangyu, Zhejiang, and became friends with Zhu Ziqing and Zhu Guangqian. Engaged in art and music teaching after returning to China. He used to be the editor of Ming Kai Bookstore in Shanghai, and the art professor of Shanghai University, Fudan University and Zhejiang University. At the same time, painting, literary creation and literary compilation are carried out. 1924, founded Lida College with friends. During the Anti-Japanese War, he moved around the southwest and taught in some colleges and universities. In the April issue of our July, a literary publication, his painting "After people leave, a crescent moon is like water" was published for the first time. Later, his paintings were published in Literature Weekly with the title of Comics. From then on, China began to have the name "Comics". Rieter Society was founded on 1925, attended by Mao Dun, Chen Wangdao, Ye Shengtao, Zheng Zhenfeng, Hu Yuzhi and others. 1926, teaching at Shanghai Art Institute. 1929 was hired as an editor by Ming Kai Bookstore. 193 1 year, his first collection of essays, The Essays of Yuanyuantang, was published by Ming Kai Bookstore. After the July 7th Incident, he led his family to flee. 1937 was compiled into the history of Japanese aggression against China and published. 1939 Lecturer and Associate Professor of Zhejiang University. 65438-0942: Professor and Director of Educational Affairs of Chongqing Institute of National Arts. He ended his teaching career from 1943, specializing in painting and writing. Popular books for primary and middle school students and ordinary music lovers, such as Music Common Sense, Introduction to Music, Top Ten Musicians in Modern Times and Children's Music, have been translated and published one after another, which has done a lot of useful work for the popularization of modern music knowledge. 1946 Return to Shanghai. Published "Selected Comics of Kai Zi" album. After 1952, he served as librarian of Shanghai Literature and History Museum, vice chairman of China Artists Association Shanghai Branch, executive director of China Artists Association, vice chairman of Shanghai Foreign Culture Association, vice chairman of Shanghai Federation of Literary and Art Circles and member of CPPCC. After People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded, he served as the president of Shanghai China Painting Academy, the chairman of China Artists Association Shanghai Branch and the vice chairman of Shanghai Federation of Literary and Art Circles. I am good at calligraphy and painting, as well as prose creation and literary translation.

Feng Zikai is a famous cartoonist and essayist in modern China. His paintings and articles have maintained a consistent style in the vicissitudes of decades: graceful and quiet, and his cartoons are even more popular. Mr. Feng's works are widely circulated, and many of them are scattered. Even more than 50 albums published in the album have mostly disappeared from the market, which brings great regret to readers. Among Mr. Feng Zikai's works, comics are probably the most famous. It is often a few strokes that outline an artistic conception, such as "after people leave, a crescent moon is like water", several cups and a roller blind, which is a very good mood. Many of Mr. Feng's cartoons are about children, such as "A Bao is shirtless", "You peel the melon for me, I will fan it for you" and "Meet". Reading teacher Feng's children's cartoons made us so-called adults feel ashamed. When can our world be less fraudulent, less persistent, more natural and more indifferent?

Feng Zikai's prose also has a great influence in the history of China's new literature. His main works include Yuan Yuantang's Essays, Yuan Yuantang's Rewriting, Twenty Essays, Sweet Memories, Artistic Interest, Frank Collection, etc. Except for some artistic comments, most of these works describe his own personal experience and daily contact with people, showing a strong interest in life.

Feng Zikai's works

His works include: Essays on Yuanyuantang, Feng Zikai's Calligraphy, etc.

Bibliography of works:

Zikai Comics 1926, Enlightened.

Kai Zi Ji Hua 1927, Kaiming.

Western Art History 1928, Enlightenment

Yuan Yuantang's Essays (Prose Collection) 193 1, Wu; Appendix, 1957, Humanities

Collected Works of Kai Zi 1933, Shanghai Hua Kai Publishing House.

Twenty essays 1934, Tianma

Artistic interest (prose collection) 1934, Wu

Painting and Literature (Essay) 1934, Enlightened.

Introduction to Modern Art (Paper) 1934, China.

Cheshe (Prose Collection) 1935, good friend.

Art Conghua (essay) 1935, good friend.

Selected Works of Feng Zikai (Prose Collection) 1936, Shanghai Antique Bookstore.

Random Talk on Art 1936, Ren Jian Bookstore.

Rewrite and realize in Yuanyuantang (Prose Collection) 1937.

The true story of cartoon A Q 1939 is enlightening.

Zi Kai's Recent Prose Collection +094 1, Chengdu Puyi Library.

Foundation of artistic accomplishment (essay) 194 1, Guilin Cultural Supply Agency.

Painting in Poetry 1943, Guilin Wenguang Bookstore.

Teacher's Diary (Diary Prose Collection) 1944, Chongqing Chongde Bookstore.

Art and Life (Essay) 1944.438+0, Guilin You Min Bookstore.

New Paintings of Ancient Poetry (One of the Complete Works of Kai Zi's Comics) 1945, Wu.

Children's Pictures (the second complete works of Kai Zi comics) l945, enlightened.

Student's photo (the third of the complete works of Kai Zi comics) 1945, enlightened.

Folk Pictures (The Fourth Complete Works of Kai Zi Comics) 1945, Enlightened.

Urban Phase (The Fifth Complete Works of Kai Zi Comics) 1945, Enlightened.

The wartime phase (the sixth volume of the complete works of Yu Kai cartoons) 1945, enlightened.

Frank Collection (Prose Collection) 1946, Ye Wan Bookstore.

Adventures of Small Notes (Fairy Tales) 1947, Ye Wan Bookstore.

Selected cartoons of Zikai 1955 438+0438+0, People's Fine Arts Publishing House.

The Complete Works of Kai Zi Comics 1962 438+0 1, Lingnan Publishing House.

Wen Xue Institution 1979 The Collection of Yuan Yuan Tang edited by Ming Chuan.

Selected Works of Feng Zikai's Prose 1982, Shanghai Literature and Art.

Yuan Yuantang's Essay 1983, Zhejiang Literature and Art.

Translation bibliography:

Symbol of Depression (Theory Collection) Japanese Chef Shirakawa, 1925, Business.

Introduction to Art, written by Japanese Tian Peng, 1928, Enlightenment.

First Love (novel) Turgenev, Russia, 193 1, enlightened.

Steven, author of Suicide Club (novel), UK, 1932, Kaiming.

Notes on the Hunter of Turgenev, Russia, 1953, Wen Sheng.

Preface to Kai Zi's Comics

When I painted these pictures, I was a young man of twenty-seven or eight with two or three children. I love my children as much as all young fathers do. I really love them: they laugh and I feel happier than myself; They cried, and I was sadder than myself. They eat, I think it's better than myself. When they fell, I felt more painful than myself. I am passionate about my children. This love is the initial motivation for making these paintings.

My children are born intensively and there are few helpers at home, so I have to help take care of them outside of teaching, just like "a mother's father" in a cartoon at that time.

I often hold my children, feed them, wrap them in diapers, sing them to sleep and draw pictures to make them laugh. Sometimes I will ride with children who are building blocks, or sit on a stool and "take the train". I am very close to them and often live with them. This "closeness" is also the origin of these paintings. Because of "love" and "closeness", I deeply understand children's psychology and see a children's world completely different from the adult world. Children are full of feelings, but lack of reason; Children are full of desires, but they can't control them. Therefore, the children's world is very broad and free, where you can put forward all your wishes and requirements at will: the roof of the house can be removed to see the plane; You can ask for flowers and butterflies in your bed for fun. The feet of the stool can wear shoes; Railways and railway stations can be built in the room; Brothers and sisters can be new officials and brides; The moon in the sky can call it down. Adults laugh at them for being "stupid", call their lives "child's play", and often call them "naughty" and forbid them to be "noisy". This is the subjective view of adults and the rude attitude of people who don't understand children's psychology. I can love them and get close to them, so I can deeply understand their psychology. I am sure that their behavior is sincere and worthy of attention, so I am excited and serious about making these paintings.

Moreover, I often "get involved" in children's lives; In other words, I often become a child by myself and observe children. I remember making such a picture: there are unusually high tables, chairs and beds in the room. An adult is trying to climb into a chair, but the seat of the chair is higher than his chest. He tried to climb up, and it was obviously not easy to climb into the chair. If he wants to climb into bed, it is obviously not easy to climb up, because the bed is as high as a chair; If he wants to drink tea with a cup on the table, it is obviously impossible, because the desktop is almost as high as his head, and the cup is placed in the middle of the table, which is much bigger than his hand. The title of this painting is "Put yourself in the child's shoes". This is the expression of my feelings at that time: I saw that most adults thought that their children were preparing for adults, and they were bent on becoming adults, ignoring their own life during this preparation period. Therefore, furniture and utensils are based on the size of adults and the convenience of adults' lives. It is inconvenient for children to live in adults' homes. Similarly, in spiritual life, adults' thoughts are the standard and adults' impressions are the standard, so the spiritual life of children in adult families is very painful. In the past, I have seen: a boy of six or seven years old was put on a small robe and coat by his parents, and he was taught to walk like his father; The six or seven-year-old girl was taken to the barber shop by her parents to have her hair permed, her face powdered, her mouth painted with lipstick, and she was taught to imitate her mother. I once painted a picture for them called Little Adults. Now imagine the appearance of those two children, still feel terrible, this is simply a freak with abnormal development! I thought changing from a child to an adult was like changing from a caterpillar to a butterfly. The life of a caterpillar is very different from that of a butterfly. The above-mentioned adults put wings on the caterpillar and taught it to fly with the butterfly. I am a butterfly, put away my wings and crawl with the caterpillar. So I can understand the children's mood and life, and I am very excited to describe these paintings seriously.

The above are my trivial matters and occasional feelings when I made these paintings 30 years ago, which can also be said to be my creative motivation and experience. However, this is nothing more than a manifestation of "deep affection for the calf." What's good for readers? What is the reference value for readers? How can we help them find painting materials in their lives?

Undoubtedly, these paintings themselves are trivial and insignificant. Only one sentence can tell readers that I am "loving", "close", "understanding" and "putting myself in the other's shoes" for my painting object.

If a painter can use this attitude to deal with more lovely, more valuable and greater objects and create paintings, I think he may be able to find more painting materials and make more beautiful paintings in his own life, especially in the vibrant life of new China today. If this sentence is correct, then these paintings have finally helped readers indirectly. Let them publish it.

An interesting story about Feng Zikai's release.

Mr. Feng Zikai is a famous cartoonist in China. He has been dead for many years, leaving a rich artistic legacy to future generations. Feng Zikai's cartoon style is unique. He has a deep foundation in Chinese painting, and a few strokes can outline a vivid image. In particular, most of his materials are suffering in the world, and everyone is wronged by hard work, so his cartoons are deeply loved by people.

It is true that human nature means that Feng Zikai has a bodhisattva heart. Feng Zikai is a devout Buddhist, and he is a devout layman. All his life, he earnestly warned people to protect life and abstain from killing. He also made an anecdote because he was released.

Before War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, during his stay in Suzhou Garden Hall, Mr. Feng Zikai once took a chicken from Shimen Bay and wanted to set it free in Yun Qi, Hangzhou. But he also showed compassion for the chicken. He couldn't bear to tie it up and hang it upside down like ordinary people, so he lifted his robe and put it inside and held it outside with his hands. Take a boat from Shimen Bay via Chongde and take a train to Chang 'an Town. It is suspicious to see this strange appearance because he is wrapped in a cloth robe with his hand. Therefore, an undercover detective in Chang 'an Town Railway Station became suspicious and followed him all the time. When he arrived in Hangzhou in the same car, the undercover detective caught him as soon as he left the station. Hou happened to be greeted outside the station, so he explained the story to the other party, and the detective knew that he had followed the wrong person. Feng Zikai held the hen to be released, which caused everyone present to laugh.

Why does Feng Zikai believe in Buddhism? He was influenced not only by Master Hongyi, but also by his father. His father Feng won a scholarship in the middle of 1920, but for some reason, he didn't go to Beijing to catch the final imperial examination. Seeing that the Qing Dynasty was in turmoil and had no hope of career, I had to set up a school at home to serve as an apprentice and make a living. Feng Huquan is affable and enthusiastic. Whenever there is a wedding or funeral, neighbors and relatives ask him to write a joint ownership book. He also writes letters or contracts for bookmarks, and never cares about the cost.

Feng once wrote a letter to the fisherman, knowing that the fisherman was poor and didn't accept payment. One day, the fisherman sent seven large and small water fish, all turtles. Fenghuquan has always believed in Buddhism and is good at charity. That night, he dreamed that seven women in skirts knelt down to him for help, shouting "Master help, Master help-"Feng suddenly woke up and felt that his dream was very strange and could not be solved. Well-behaved, there is nothing to be ashamed of, but dreams make him fidget all day. I suddenly realized that there was a soft skin around the water fish, commonly known as "skirt", so I believed that seven water fish asked him for help in their dreams and immediately released them all.

Feng Zikai, a young mentor, loves to let people go after becoming a monk. He painted six episodes of "By Nursing Students" and handed them down to the world. Every year on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month, it is said that Sakyamuni was born, and Buddhists used to release him on this day. On this day every year, Feng Zikai will buy snails, clams, fish and shrimp and lead the children to release them. Even on weekdays, he releases himself from time to time.

Source: Excerpted from Hong Kong Buddhism No.329.