Huangshan City, Anhui Province, the Dragon Boat Festival customs online etc. 200 points reward, speed, good additional 50

The origin of the dumplings

340 BC, patriotic poet, Chu state doctor Qu Yuan, faced with the pain of the death of the country, on the fifth of May, grief and anger in the arms of the stone cast the Bioluo River. In order not to make the fish and shrimp damage his body, people have to put the bamboo tube filled with rice into the river. Later, in order to show respect for Qu Yuan and nostalgia, every day, people will be bamboo tube filled with rice, into the sacrifice, which is the earliest zongzi - "tube zongzi" origin.

Why later use mugwort leaves or reed leaves, lotus leaves package zongzi? The first learning record" has this record: the Han Dynasty, Jianwu years, Changsha people dreamed of a person at night, claiming to be the three coccyx dafu (Qu Yuan's official name), said to him: "you sacrifice things, are stolen by the river dragon, the future can be used to wrap the mugwort leaves, will be the five-color silk thread bundled, the dragon is most afraid of these two things." So, people will be "Mushroom leaves wrapped in millet", made "corn". Passed down from generation to generation, and gradually developed into our Dragon Boat Festival food.

Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the Dragon Boat Festival in the palace ate nine dumplings, the dragon's face is very happy, full of praise, pleased to write a poem: "four times the flower is clever, nine dumplings compete with the new." Nine dumplings: is a kind of dumplings, that is, nine dumplings connected to a string, large and small, large in the upper, small in the lower, different shapes, very nice. And nine colors of silk thread tied into the formation of colorful. Nine rice dumplings are mostly used as gifts for friends and relatives, such as mothers to married daughters, mothers-in-law to the newlywed gifts, because "rice dumplings" resonate with "in the son", the folk have eaten "rice dumplings" can be a son of the custom, so the "nine rice dumplings" is a symbol of good fortune and many children. Qing Dynasty poet Wu Man Yun, also wrote a poem in praise of the nine zongzi poetry: "wrapped even tube rice host spring, nine colorful strands of tie heavy, green Mushroom faded out of the cloud skin white, laughingly said the cook lotus root is back to pine."

North and South flavor dumplings

Due to the different dietary habits of different places, dumplings formed the North and South flavor.

Beijing zongzi

The representative varieties of the northern zongzi, Beijing zongzi head larger, for the oblique quadrangular or triangular. At present, most of the market supply is glutinous rice dumplings. In the countryside, it is still customary to eat rhubarb rice dumplings. Sticky and fragrant, distinctive flavor, Beijing zongzi more dates, bean paste filling, a few also use dried fruit as filling.

Guangdong rice dumplings

The representative varieties of southern rice dumplings, Guangdong rice dumplings and Beijing rice dumplings on the contrary, the head is smaller, chic appearance, the front square, the back of a sharp corner of the bulge, like a cone. More varieties, in addition to fresh meat dumplings, bean paste dumplings, there are salted egg yolk made of egg yolk dumplings, as well as chicken diced, duck diced, barbecued pork, mushrooms, mung beans, etc. Mixed for the filling of the dumplings, the flavor is better.

Sichuan rice dumplings

Sichuan people are addicted to spicy, so the dumplings also have sweet and spicy points, Sichuan's spicy rice dumplings, due to the production of sophisticated, complex technology, of course, its taste is unique, so it has become one of the famous snacks handed down from time immemorial in Sichuan. Its method is the first glutinous rice, red beans soaked for 5 to 6 hours, the water will be poured out, into the pepper, Sichuan salt, monosodium glutamate and a little bacon, wrapped in zongzi leaves into about 60 grams of a four-cornered zongzi. When cooked, they are spicy and have a unique flavor.

Suzhou Zongzi

Suzhou zongzi is a long and thin quadrangular shape, there are fresh meat, jujube paste, bean paste, lard sand and other varieties, with sophisticated ingredients, fine production and other characteristics. The zongzi are made of red bean paste with lard, which is made of red bean paste, boiled, peeled and filtered, and then filled with sugar and grease, with a piece of fat in the filling, which is sweet and shiny after cooking, and fragrant.

Jiaxing rice dumplings

Zhejiang Jiaxing rice dumplings have a long history of famous Chinese, Jiaxing rice dumplings for the rectangular, fresh meat, bean paste, eight treasures, chicken rice dumplings and other varieties. Jiaxing rice dumplings when pushing "Wu Fang Zhai" for the most, known as "Jiangnan rice dumplings king". Its dumplings from the selection of materials, production to cooking are unique. Rice should be the best white glutinous rice, meat from the hind leg of the pig selected, dumplings cooked, fat meat oil seepage into the rice, the entrance is delicious, fat but not greasy. Many friends at home and abroad know the name of Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, because they have tasted the dumplings.

Hainan rice dumplings

Hainan rice dumplings and northern rice dumplings are different, it is wrapped by the banana leaf into a square cone, weighing about half a kilogram or so, glutinous rice, salted egg yolk, barbecued pork, bacon, braised chicken wings, etc., hot rice dumplings peeled off, the first banana and glutinous rice aroma, after the meat, eggs, a strong aroma. The aroma of both thick and light, taste meat and vegetables, so that the appetite of the eater is wide open.

Shandong rice dumplings

In many varieties of rice dumplings, the generation of the largest, the oldest qualification, when the first Shandong yellow rice dumplings. Selection of yellow sticky rice wrapped in sticky rice dumplings, sandwiched between the red dates, products unique flavor, when eating, according to the habits of diners, accompanied by sugar, to increase the sweetness.

Miluo zongzi

The legend of Hunan Miluo is the birthplace of zongzi, Miluo zongzi traditionally more varieties, exquisite production and known in the world. During the International Dragon Boat Festival **** launched dozens of traditional and newly developed zongzi, and the use of beautifully shaped vacuum plastic packaging and canned packaging, aseptic and hygienic, loved by consumers at home and abroad.

Southern rice dumplings

Xiamen, Quanzhou's burnt meat dumplings, alkaline rice dumplings are famous at home and abroad. Roasted meat dumplings are skillfully made, the glutinous rice must be selected from the best, the pork choose three layers of block head, first brine and fragrant and rotten, plus mushrooms, shrimp, lotus seeds and brine broth, sugar, etc., eaten dipped in a variety of condiments, such as garlic, mustard, spicy, red hot sauce, turnip acid, sweet and tender, oily and not greasy. Minnan language "hot" and "burn" with the same meaning, the so-called "burnt meat dumplings", is to eat while hot dumplings, hot food is more flavorful.

Taiwan dumplings

With a strong flavor of southern Fujian, there are many varieties of white rice dumplings, green bean dumplings, barbecued pork dumplings, eight treasures dumplings, roast meat dumplings. Roasted meat dumplings are the most popular, it's "content" colorful, including pork, dried scallops, taro, dried clams, duck eggs, etc., into a year-round visible traditional snacks. Hsinchu's "Chengjia Meat Rice Dumplings", Changhua's "Meat Rice Dumplings" and Tainan's "Re-Fa No. Meat Rice Dumplings" are all very famous. Eight treasures dumplings are also representative of the species, it is a variety of materials, will be pork legs, fat, chestnuts (or peanut kernels), dried radish, squid were cut into cubes, the pot is hot, the first under the end of the onion, plus the above ingredients and wine, soy sauce, sesame oil, stir-fry, and mix with the glutinous rice, wrapped in a steam, a strong flavor. The famous singer Teresa Teng with a Taiwanese "burnt meat dumplings" song and popular, so we can see the status of Taiwan dumplings in Taiwan's food culture.

In addition, the famous rice dumplings are Guizhou's "pickled vegetable dumplings", Xi'an's "honey cold rice dumplings", Xiamen's "burnt meat rice dumplings", the north of the Soviet Union's "salted egg dumplings". "salted egg rice dumplings", Shanghai's "savory rice dumplings", Yunnan's "ham rice dumplings" and other distinctive features.

Customs of the Dragon Boat Festival throughout the country

[Hebei Province]

Beiping taboo Dragon Boat Festival well water, often in the festival before the pre-drawing, it is said to be in order to avoid poisoning the well. City vendors also in the Dragon Boat Festival selling cherries and mulberries, it is said that the Dragon Boat Festival ate cherries and mulberries, can be the whole year without flies. Furnace food store to sell "five poisonous cakes", that is, five kinds of poisonous insects decorated with patterns for the cake. Luan County has been hired by the male and female in-laws salty at the Dragon Boat Festival gifts to each other. Zhao County Dragon Boat Festival, the local government will hold a party to the south of the city, inviting the city of scholars to feast and poetry, known as the "tread willow".

[Shandong Province]

At the Dragon Boat Festival in Zouping County, each person is required to drink a cup of wine early in the morning, which, according to legend, can ward off evil spirits. Rizhao Dragon Boat Festival to children wrapped in seven-color line, has to wear to the festival after the first rain before unraveling thrown in the rain. Linqing County Dragon Boat Festival, boys under the age of seven years with a charm (necklaces made of wheat), girls with pomegranate flowers, but also to wear their mother's hand-made yellow in the shoes, shoes with brushes painted with five kinds of poisonous insects. The meaning is to kill the five kinds of poisonous insects by means of Qu Yuan's ink. In the morning of the Dragon Boat Festival, they wash their faces with dew.

[Shanxi Province]

The Dragon Boat Festival in Xiezhou, men and women wear moxa leaves, known as "go to the disease", and young children are tied to the neck of the hundreds of cables, which is said to be "for Qu Yuan to tie the dragon". Xi'an County Dragon Boat Festival, the village sacrificed to the Dragon King, and hanging paper in the field. Huairen County Dragon Boat Festival is also known as "Zhu Men". At the Dragon Boat Festival in Dingxiang County, students were required to give gifts to teachers. Lu'an Province to wheat flour steamed dough, known as "white dough", and zongzi together with each other to gift.

[Shaanxi Province]

At the end of the Dragon Boat Festival in Xing'an Prefecture, local officials led their subordinates to watch the race, called "Tap Shi". In Xingping County, a small corner of millet was sewn on a piece of silk, and a small doll was sewn underneath, which was called "playing with dolls". In the same county, the Dragon Boat Festival is characterized by the sticking of cattails and paper cows to the door, which is known as "Zhen Disease".

[Gansu Province]

Jingning State Dragon Boat Festival to pick roses pickled in honey for syrup. Zhenyuan County Dragon Boat Festival to the newlyweds, incense fan, Luo Qi, scarf handkerchiefs, Ai Hu. The children and invite their fathers and brothers to feast on the master, known as "enjoy the festival". Zhangxian County Dragon Boat Festival, shepherd children worship mountain gods. The accumulation of payroll, burned before the cock-crowing, commonly known as "burned high mountains".

[Jiangsu Province]

Jiading County Dragon Boat Festival, rich or poor, must buy stone head fish (commonly known as sturgeon) cooking. Yizheng County also has "when the pants, buy yellowtail" proverb. Nanjing Dragon Boat Festival, each family is a box of water, add a little andrographis, googly-eyed money two, the size of the family are using this water to wash their eyes, known as the "broken fire eye", it is said to protect a year without eye disease. Wujin has a night dragon boat theater, the night on all sides of the dragon boat hanging on the small lights racing, and there are xiao drums and songs.

［Sichuan Province］

Shizhi has a "Dragon Boat Lo" custom. By four people with two bamboo poles to lift a large square table with a red carpet. Carpet with bamboo gabions braided a Taoist priest riding a tiger. Drums and gongs are beaten, and a street parade is held. In the old days, there was also the custom of "typing" at the Dragon Boat Festival in western Sichuan. On this day, Chengdu people buy plums, in the southeast corner of the city under the city tower, up and down to throw, gather tens of thousands of observers. The custom was stopped in 1895 because of a conflict between the plum throwers and foreign missionaries. Leshan, Xinjin and other places in the Dragon Boat Dragon Boat Race, but also held a grand commodity fair.

[Xijiang Province]

The children of the rural schools in Tonglu County were given gifts to their teachers on the Dragon Boat Festival, which they called "clothes". The doctor collects medicines at noon, which is said to be the day when the Star of Medicine is in the sky.

［Jiangxi Province］

Jianchang Province, the afternoon of the Festival with a hundred grass water bath to prevent scabies, Xinchang County to Xionghuang, Dansha drink wine, called the "open eye".

［Hubei Province］

Huanggang County Dragon Boat Festival Bahe town to meet Nuo people, flower crown body, sounding gold by epidemic. Yichang County Dragon Boat Festival, but in May 13, 14, 15 three days of the special. May 15, also known as the "big Danyang", eating rice dumplings, drinking bus wine, routine with the Dragon Boat Festival.

[Hunan Province]

You County, the Dragon Boat Festival, pregnant women, the rich with flower money wine and food, the poor prepared chicken wine, bamboo clip kozo money for the dragon boat in front of the dragon's head to pray for a safe birth. The Yuezhou Prefecture race to avoid disasters and illnesses. It is also known as "sending the plague".

［Fujian Province］

Fuzhou Dragon Boat Festival old custom, the daughter-in-law is the day to the birthday suit, shoes and socks, dumplings, fans into the in-laws. In Jianyang County, the fifth day for the king of medicine sunshine medicine capsule day, people are on this day for sauce. Shanghang County Dragon Boat Festival with a small boat bound reeds as a dragon play on the waterfront, known as the race. Xianyou County Dragon Boat Festival after the race, offering paper in the Hu Xiaotan, to commemorate the Jiajing Dec. Qi Jiguang drowned soldiers in this. Shaowu Province before the Dragon Boat Festival, women to Jiang Jiang yarn for the bag Sheng Fu. And the five-color velvet as a square victory, associated with colorful threads, tied to the hairpin. Young girls are hanging on the back, known as "Dou Niang".

［Guangdong Province］

From Hua County Dragon Boat Festival at noon to burn water to wash hands after the eye, sprinkled in the road, known as "send disaster". In Xinxing County, at the Dragon Boat Festival, people from the neighboring temples blow to welcome the god statue out of the patrol. Witches and water, stickers to expel the evil mortal charm. Shicheng County Dragon Boat Festival, children flying kites, known as "put the disaster".

(Taiwan Province)

Taiwan is located in the subtropics, the early immigrants from the mainland are unable to adapt to the climate here, died of miasma plague epidemic, heard from time to time. Therefore, the Dragon Boat Festival, which is based on the spirit of expelling diseases and avoiding epidemics, has become particularly important.

The Dragon Boat Festival customs of the former Qing Dynasty can be represented by Wang Yingzeng's account in the appendix of the Re-establishment of Fengshan County Records (1764), Volume 3: Early in the morning of the 5th of May, a bunch of rice stalks are burned and smoked towards the corner of the room, and kozo money is sent to the roadside, which is known as "Mosquito Sending." The lintel of the door is hung with pandanus and mugwort and inserted into the doorway. The lintel hanging bushes and inserting grass and tares, said to avoid mosquitoes and gnats; banyan a branch, said old and healthy. Each other to watermelon, corn feed each other. Good thing in the shallow estuary, with money or cloth for the standard, three skin fishing general scramble to take, the winner of the gong cheers, the number of day fight dragon boat. Afternoon for the little children knot five pick strands, men tied to the left wrist, women tied to the right wrist, the name of the day God refining.

There is another folk saying that the insertion of Ai, banyan can make the body strong. As the saying goes, "insert banyan more brave dragon, insert Ai more brave and healthy". The students in private schools, as a rule, should send red packets to Mr. Duanshi Festival as a gift of thanks, and Mr. will take a fan as a return gift.

Kiyoichiro Suzuki's "Taiwan's old habits of crown wedding funeral festival in the middle of the year" (1934) records that the mourning period of the family, the Dragon Boat Festival, do not pack rice dumplings, but by friends and relatives to give, known as the "send festival". Mourning family to sugar as a return gift. And farmers called "Fukin" gold paper to come in the bamboo poles, inserted in between, it is said to prevent harm and a good harvest. Some places in the Dragon Boat Festival have made "salty tea" custom, is to use salt to pickle perilla leaves and pomegranate leaves, said to be a medicinal tea, clear all the poisonous gas.

Jia Dong Township, Pingtung County, during the Japanese rule era, there is also the custom of fighting in the Dragon Boat Festival on the day of the stone war. Stone fighting has been passed down for hundreds of years in the Jiadong area, and every year, a few days before the Dragon Boat Festival, the people have their fists rubbing their hands in preparation for a tough battle. The Stone War is organized like an army, with a chief of staff and other positions, with the village as the unit. It is organized like an army, with a chief of staff and other positions. The men are on the "front line" throwing stones. The women were in the rear, transporting the stones. When the fighting is intense, casualties are frequent. The victorious side was allowed to go to the defeated village to eat and drink. The defeated villagers fled. If they are captured by the other side, they are punished by being forced to take off their pants and humiliated in public. This peculiar custom is said to guarantee good luck for the whole year, so the Jatong people enjoy it. However, because of the heavy casualties caused by the Ishi wars and the repeated prohibitions by the local government, the custom declined towards the end of the Japanese colonial period.

On the Dragon Boat Festival, it is also customary to play "Wushisui". Wushihui refers to the well water at noon on the Dragon Boat Festival. It is said that the water is used to make tea and wine, especially fragrant, and even has the miraculous effect of curing the disease. There is a proverb that says: "Wash the eyes at noon (eyes), Ming to if Wu drongo", and said "noon water drink a mouth, better tonic to eat for three years". The most legendary noon water comes from the sword well on the anvil hill in Dajia Town. Legend has it that the well was the place where Zheng Chenggong inserted his sword and prayed for the spring, and since it is also rumored that the Anvil Mountain is rich in all kinds of medicinal herbs, the efficacy of the sword well's noon water has been fabled to be magical. Every year, the Dragon Boat Festival, the sword well next to the people who fight no lunchtime water is always crowded with airtight. It is said that the Dragon Boat Festival at noon to the well to look carefully, you can also see the shadow of Zheng Chenggong. And see the sword shadow of the people, this year must be no disaster.

Rowing dragon boat, Taiwan is known as "picking dragon boat". According to the "Folklore Taiwan" Volume 6 on the record, the Japanese colonial era Shilin Dragon Boat Dragon Boat custom is as follows: since the beginning of May together, the first to the waterfront "to meet the God of Water". Noon on the fifth day of the month, that is, sounding the gongs and drums, carrying the dragon boat to the riverbank, the way there are residents burn incense and worship. As the saying goes: "May 5th. Dragon boat drums, full of streets. Welcome, known as the "dragon boat". Race through the dragon, but also in the first ten "send water God", and held a "thank you river" ceremony.

Taichung Nantun's head store, since the middle of the Qing Dynasty, there is in the beginning of spring, wear wood to wake up the custom of wearing armor. After the restoration of the Qing Dynasty, this custom was fixed to be held on the Duanshi Festival every year. In the Qing Dynasty, Toudian was the most prosperous area in Taichung, and it was said that this was because the local area was located in the Pangshanjia Cave. Therefore, local residents would put on their wooden clogs and step heavily on the ground back and forth every year during the Dragon Boat Festival in order to wake up the pangolin with a loud noise. Currently, this custom has been changed to a fun competition. Four people form a team and wear two long wooden clogs nailed together to compete. The sound of the clogs has awakened the nostalgia of the residents of Plow Shop.

In the festival food customs, Taiwan is commonly rumored to eat peaches, eggplants and vegetable beans at the Dragon Boat Festival, can be healthy, long. As the saying goes: "Eat eggplant eat to will shake, eat beans eat to old old". Taiwan-style zongzi method is divided into two kinds of north and south. The northern method is rice leakage soaked in water, drained and fried in oil, and June into the five-spice powder, pepper, soy sauce and other seasonings. The rice will be steamed and then wrapped in bamboo leaves to fill, and once again make people taste. There are also people who prefer to use oil to stir-fry the rice grains until half-cooked, wrapped in the real stuffing after steaming. In the southern part of the country, pure white glutinous rice is soaked with meat filling, wrapped in green bamboo leaves and boiled until cooked. Because of the difference in production methods, the flavors of the dumplings in the north and south are also different. The zongzi in the north have a strong five-spice pepper flavor, while the meat zongzi in the south have a light bamboo leaf, each with its own characteristics. The content of the ingredients are pork, mushrooms, shrimp, peanuts, salted egg yolk, red onion, chestnuts, dried oysters, etc., which can be added according to one's personal preference.

The Hakka people in Miaoli also eat eggplant, long beans, peaches and plums during the Dragon Boat Festival. But the significance of these foods is different from that of the southern people. Eating the son is certainly to take its long meaning, eat plums to symbolize the reproduction of offspring, some people also think it can prevent heatstroke. Eating long beans is to avoid being bitten by snakes (because they are shaped like snakes). Eat eggplant to prevent mosquito bites (eggplant Hakka called "hanging vegetables", and "bite", the local pronunciation of "tidal a ㄠ", to take its harmony).

The Hakka people wrapped zongzi also divided into alkaline zongzi and salty zongzi. Alkaline rice dumplings are especially used for rituals. The Hakka people have to prepare four copies of livestock for the Dragon Boat Festival, one to pay tribute to the land lord, one to pay tribute to Master Wan Shan, and one to pay tribute to the nearby temples. The alkaline rice dumplings are one of the indispensable offerings. The savory rice dumplings are divided into two types: rice dumplings and cognitive rice dumplings, which are used purely to satisfy cravings.

Duanwu alias know how much

Statistically, the name of the Dragon Boat Festival in all of China's traditional festivals in the name of the most, up to more than 20, called the festival alias of the most. Such as the Dragon Boat Festival, Duanwu Festival, Duanyang Festival, heavy five festival, heavy afternoon festival, day in the festival, summer festival, May Festival, Calamus Festival, Pope Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Bath Orchid Festival, Zongzi Festival and so on.

Duanyang Festival According to the "Jing Chu chronicles", because of the mid-summer, Shunyang in the upper, May is the mid-summer, it is the first day of the first day of the afternoon is to climb high Shunyang good weather days, it is known as the fifth day of May for the "Festival of the Danyang".

The Dragon Boat Festival 午,属十二支, the twelve branches of the lunar calendar for the month of May, five, Wu homophonic, five, five heavy, so the Dragon Boat Festival is also known as the "Festival of the Dragon Boat Festival" or "Festival of the Heavy Five," and some places also called "May Festival!

The Dragon Boat Festival is also known as the "Heavy Wu Festival" or "Heavy Five Festival", and in some places it is also called "May Festival".

Tianzhong Festival Ancient people believe that, on May 5, the sun is heavy in the sky, so this day is called "Tianzhong Festival".

Bath Orchid Festival Dragon Boat Festival in mid-summer, is the season of skin diseases, the ancients to orchid soup bathing to remove dirt as customary. In the Han Dynasty, the Da Dai Ritual said, "The day of the Dragon Boat Festival is the day of bathing in orchid soup.

Solution of the Festival Ancient Dragon Boat Festival, when eating brown, there are comparisons between the length of the leaves of the zongzhuang, the longer for the winning game, so there is also a "zongzhuang Festival" of the name.

Daughter's Day Ming Shen list "Wan Department Miscellany": "May Daughter's Day, the Department of the Dragon Boat Festival, wear Ai leaves, five poison talisman. Wan custom from the first to the fifth day of May, decorated with small girls, all state extremely research. Married women also return to Ning. Called for the Daughter Festival." Shen Bangwan "Miscellaneous Records" contained: "Yanjing from May 1 to the fifth, every family decorated with small girls, all the state of extreme Yan. Has been married to the daughter, but also home hairpin to pomegranate, said the daughter of the festival".

Calamus Festival Ancient people believe that "heavy noon" is a taboo day, when the five poisons all out, so the Dragon Boat Festival customs to drive away the Xing to avoid poison, such as hanging calamus on the door, Ai leaves, so the Dragon Boat Festival is also known as the "calamus festival".