Brief biography of Confucius

Summary of Confucius' life story:

In the 24th year of Duke Xiang of Lu (549 BC), when Confucius was 3 years old, Shulianghe died of illness and was buried in Fang. After Shulianghe's death, Yan Zheng, having lost his patronage and been banished by Shi, Shulianghe's main wife, took Mengpi, Confucius' concubine brother, and Confucius to Qufu Que Li, where they lived in poverty.

Lu Zhaodong ten years (532 BC), Qi Guan's son. It is rumored that at this time just in time to Lu Zhao Gong gave carp in Confucius, so to his son named carp, the word Bo fish. Confucius since more than 20 years of age, would like to take the career, so the world's events are very concerned about the governance of the country of all kinds of problems, often thinking, but also often express some insights. In this year, Confucius began to work as a commissioner, managing warehouses.

In the 14th year of Duke Lu's reign (496 B.C.), Confucius led his disciples out of Lu to the state of Wei. In the state of Wei, Confucius was summoned by Nanzi, the wife of the Duke of Wei Ling. Zi Lu, a disciple of Confucius, criticized Confucius for having a strong opinion about his meeting with Nanzi. When Zi Chan of the state of Zheng died, Confucius was very saddened to hear the news and praised Zi Chan as a compassionate person who had been handed down from ancient times.

In the twelfth year of the reign of Duke Ai of Lu (483 B.C.), Confucius continued to engage in education and the organization of literature. In the winter of that year, Confucius' son Kong Li died.

On the 11th day of the 2nd month of the 16th year of Duke Lu's reign (April 11, 479 B.C.), Confucius died of a lingering illness at the age of 73, and was buried on the bank of the Surabaya River north of Lu City. Many of his disciples guarded his tomb for three years, but only Zigong guarded his tomb for six years. Hundreds of disciples and people from Lu made their homes from the tomb, and the place was named Kongli (孔里). The former residence of Confucius was transformed into a temple and was worshiped by the people.

Expanded:

People often attribute the monarchical dictatorship of traditional China, the foolishness of loyalty, and the superiority-only

People often attribute the source of traditional Chinese monarchical dictatorship to Confucius because we only focus on the glory that Confucius enjoyed after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty "dismissed all schools of thought, and exclusively respected the Confucians", but ignored his disillusionment during his lifetime.

The reason why Confucius was intolerant of the powerful at that time is that what he advocated, whether it was the rule of virtue, the rule of etiquette, or the rule of man, was not a good means of governance for those who ruled, because not only did he not give unlimited authority to those who ruled, but also required those who held power to first be a man of virtue, a man of etiquette, and a man of virtue.

If the state were indeed to be governed according to Confucius' conception, the ruler would undoubtedly be putting himself in a cage and could never be the enjoyer of arbitrary power.

"Benevolence" is the core category of Confucius' thought, and the basic meaning of benevolence is "loving others". As a human being, one must first love one's parents and one's brothers, and one must also love all people, practicing the way of loyalty and forgiveness, and "doing unto others as one would have them do unto you", as well as "not doing unto others what one would not have them do unto you. ".

It is worth noting that the subject of the "love of man" advocated by Confucius includes all people, from the nobility to the king, and from the people down to the common people, all of them must love others and practice loyalty and forgiveness, and no one can escape from this obligation, and for the king, this obligation is even more important than that of other people because the king's For the king, this obligation is even greater than for others, for his "love" should also extend to all his subjects.

While Confucius believed that "the gentleman is a metaphor for righteousness, and the villain is a metaphor for profit," he did not deny the pursuit of profit; on the contrary, he believed that "wealth and nobility are the desires of men," and "poverty and lowliness are the abominations of men. On the contrary, he believed that "wealth and nobility are the desires of man", "poverty and lowliness are the desires of man", "the desire for nobility is the same as the desire of man", and even said that "if wealth can be sought, even though the man who carries the whip is the man who seeks it, I will do it for him", and that it is permissible to engage in relatively lowly occupations in order to obtain wealth.

Since, from the point of view of ordinary human nature, people are "poor and no complaints", so the responsibility of the politicians, in the governance of the country should be the first to let the people "rich", to let them "enough to eat! "

To do this, the rulers must "save the use of love", should not ask the people to the people should not be excessive and their own life of luxury and extravagance, to "make the people such as to bear the great sacrifice" "so that the people to the time! "He also warned the rulers that "tyranny is fiercer than a tiger".

People's Daily Online - Commemorating the Birthday of Confucius, Bringing Back a Real Confucius