Teaching material system of piano teaching

The piano is called "the king of musical instruments" because it has a very wide range, strong harmony effect and strong comprehensive performance ability. During the 400-year development, many outstanding musicians have created many excellent works for this instrument. In order to better inherit and develop piano techniques and musical expressions, a complete piano teaching system composed of many classic textbooks has been formed through the exploration and summary of performers and educators in past dynasties.

This system can be roughly divided into five parts: the first part is basic exercises, and the representative textbooks are the first and second parts of Hanon, which train the strength, independence and fast running ability of fingers, as well as special training for some weak fingers. This is the lowest basic training project, just like in sports, no matter what kind of sports, running on the playground every day to enhance physical fitness is the most basic ability training. Without physical fitness, cardiopulmonary function is not strong enough, and any exercise lacks the most basic physical fitness. This part of Hanon is also designed for this purpose. Let the fingers have a certain degree of flexibility and speed, and the ability of different fingers is relatively balanced and has a certain degree of endurance. After playing for a while, I feel sleepy and tired, and I always can't hold on.

The second part is special technical training, and each exercise is specially designed to solve a technical problem. Representative textbooks include Hanon's Part III and Cherny's Etudes. The third part of Hanon involves most of the special technical exercises necessary for piano performance, but these exercises are relatively boring and not interesting enough. And "Cherny Etudes" is more interesting than "Hanon". When training special skills, it can also give consideration to certain interest, and the work has a certain melody, which is much better than Hanon. In the training of sports events, there must also be a large number of special technical exercises to overcome different technical difficulties. For example, in the table tennis training I have received, I have to swing against the wall and do thousands of forehand and backhand movements every day, eliminate all kinds of interference factors in non-actual combat situations, concentrate on specific movements, and strengthen the training of correct movements until it becomes an unbreakable muscle memory. The purpose of this part of special training on the piano is the same, forming a muscle memory of a specific technical action, which can be reproduced accurately and stably without interference from other factors in the ever-changing performance state.

The third part is a small-scale music training, just like extensive reading textbooks in English learning, aiming at extensive reading with some works that are not too difficult. On the one hand, it is to turn specific techniques into interesting music and make piano learning interesting, not as boring as etudes; On the other hand, broaden your horizons and increase your knowledge. Through a large number of music of various times, styles and contents, learners can know what styles of music works are, what different contents can be expressed and what means can be used to serve different contents. At the same time, it is also the practical exercise of the learned technology, the application and experience of specific technology in music. There are many representative textbooks of this kind, among which "Bouguemuller" is one, and there are many other graded textbooks based on music that can be used as extensive reading textbooks.

The fourth part is large-scale music training. This "large scale" is relative to the current level of learners. The purpose is to select some excellent classic works, intensively cultivate them, and achieve the purpose of mastering technology and skillfully using them. This part of the training is like an English intensive reading textbook. It is necessary to solve all technical and artistic problems in depth and in detail, with high standards and strict requirements, and make a work the best within the existing capabilities. At the same time, you can accumulate reserved songs. These intensive reading works should be recited skillfully. On the one hand, practice makes perfect, and on the other hand, there are ready-made works available when there is a performance opportunity. Many children don't pay attention to the accumulation of reserved tracks. As a result, when the sudden performance opportunity comes, they can only retreat, because the old tracks have been forgotten and the new tracks have not been practiced yet. If you miss the opportunity to show and perform many times, your self-confidence will be hit, and you will be more and more afraid to show your learning results. You can use all the songs in this part, only the ones that need intensive reading.

The fifth part is polyphonic practice. Polyphony, as its name implies, is a repetitive tune, which requires playing more than two multi-voice effects on one instrument, just like using one instrument to express the dialogue between two people. These two people have different personalities and different tone of voice. Playing a musical instrument should also accurately show the personality characteristics of these two people. Of course, there are more complicated works than two people, which can express three or four voices. This multi-voice performance ability needs special works to cultivate, and the representative works are some special teaching materials of Bach, such as "Elementary Piano Music Collection" and "Creation Music Collection".

In these five parts, there are high-standard and strict basic finger quality training, special technical training, multi-voice ability training, extensive reading practice and intensive reading training. Taking sports as a metaphor, from physical fitness, skills, opponents with different characteristics, to high-intensity competition scenes, a learner's ability is systematically improved in all aspects. Laying a good foundation, practicing every kind of specialized technology, seeing many different opponents and integrating them in actual combat are the overall design ideas of the piano teaching system.